2,112 articles
Madia
Madia, commonly called tarweeds, is a genus of sticky-hairy annual herbs in the sunflower family, established in 1782 and native to western North and South America.
Maesa
Maesa, a genus of roughly 180–200 Old World tropical trees, shrubs, and scramblers in Primulaceae, sister to all other genera; identified by semi-inferior ovaries, paired bracteoles, and black glandular lines.
Magnolia
Magnolia is a genus of more than 200 species of evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs in the Magnoliaceae family, prized for large, showy, often fragrant flowers.
Magnolia champaca
Magnolia champaca (黄兰), formerly Michelia champaca, is a Southeast Asian magnolia tree up to 50 m with fragrant yellow-orange flowers yielding champaca absolute for perfumery, attar, timber, and Ayurvedic medicine; IUCN Least Concern.
Magnolia grandiflora
Magnolia grandiflora (southern magnolia, bull bay), evergreen Magnoliaceae tree native SE USA to Texas, 1759 Linnaeus name, 60-80 ft, fragrant white flowers to 25 cm, USDA zones 7A-10A, IUCN Least Concern, beetle-pollinated, widely planted ornamental.
Magnolia officinalis
Magnolia officinalis (厚朴, houpo), Houpu magnolia, is a Chinese magnolia tree whose bark yields the neolignans magnolol and honokiol; used in traditional medicine, endangered in the wild, preclinical anti-Alzheimer's activity.
Magnoliaceae
Magnoliaceae, the magnolia family, is a magnoliid flowering plant family with two genera, Magnolia and Liriodendron, over 300 species in Asia and the Americas, spirally arranged tepaloid flowers, beetle pollination, and many threatened species.
Magnoliales
Magnoliales is an order of magnoliid flowering plants with six APG IV families (Annonaceae, Magnoliaceae, Myristicaceae, Degeneriaceae, Eupomatiaceae, Himantandraceae), about 3,000 species, Cretaceous fossils, and crown age 164–115 Myr.
Mahogany
Mahogany: aromatic reddish hardwood of Swietenia (3 tropical American Meliaceae species) and African Khaya; prized for furniture since 1680, CITES-listed after depletion of S. mahagoni and S. macrophylla.
Mahonia
Mahonia (Oregon grape) is a genus of about 100 evergreen Berberidaceae shrubs with spiny compound leaves, yellow flowers, and blue-black berries, native to East Asia and western North America; long debated against Berberis, resolved into four genera by Yu and Chung in 2017.
Mallotus
Mallotus is a genus of about 122 species of dioecious shrubs and trees in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native from tropical Africa to the western Pacific.
Malpighia
Malpighia (acerola, Barbados cherry genus) is the type genus of Malpighiaceae, Neotropical shrubs and small trees with three-stoned red drupes; about 110 accepted species, best known for vitamin-C-rich Malpighia emarginata fruit.
Malpighiaceae
Malpighiaceae (Barbados cherry family), a Malpighiales family of trees, shrubs, and lianas; 72 genera, 1,499 species, mostly Neotropical; oil-secreting sepals pollinated by oil-collecting bees; 2024 monophyletic classification.
Malpighiales
Malpighiales is a large order of flowering plants (about 16,000 species, 36-42 families) in the rosid fabids, including Euphorbiaceae, Salicaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Rafflesiaceae; its deep phylogeny, long unresolved, was clarified by plastid phylogenomics.
Malus
Malus (apple genus, crabapples) is a Rosaceae genus of 39 accepted species native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere; the domesticated apple M. domestica derives from M. sieversii of the Tian Shan via the Silk Road.
Malus pumila
Malus pumila Mill. (1768) is a botanical name for the cultivated apple, now a rejected synonym of Malus domestica; covers its nomenclature, Miller's Paradise Apple sense, and apple domestication from Malus sieversii.
Malus sylvestris
Malus sylvestris, the European wild apple or crab apple, is a small deciduous Rosaceae tree native to Europe and Türkiye, IUCN Data Deficient, and a major secondary genomic contributor to the cultivated apple Malus domestica.
Malva
Malva (mallows) is a genus of Malvaceae herbs first published in 1753, with about 54-60 species native from the Old World to Australia and SW USA to NW Mexico; includes M. sylvestris and M. neglecta, used as food, ornamentals, and traditional medicine.
Malva sylvestris
Malva sylvestris, common mallow, is a Malvaceae herb native from Macaronesia and Europe to Central Asia and the W. Himalaya, with pink-purple veined flowers, EU-approved traditional medicinal uses, and food use.
Malvaceae
Malvaceae, known as the mallow family, is a family of flowering plants with about 4,200 species, largely tropical to temperate, including cotton, okra, cacao, durian, hibiscus, and baobab.
Malvales
Malvales, an order of flowering plants (rosid, near Brassicales and Sapindales) with 10 families, ~6,100 species, including Malvaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Cistaceae; cotton, cocoa, durian; Upper Cretaceous origin.
Mammea
Mammea L. is a pantropical genus of tropical trees in Calophyllaceae, first published in 1753, with 45 accepted species per Kew and centres of diversity in Madagascar and Borneo; includes the mammee apple, Mammea americana.
Mammillaria
Mammillaria (pincushion cactus) is a large Cactaceae genus of small tuberculate cacti, 144 accepted species, native from central USA to Colombia and Venezuela, mostly Mexican, CITES Appendix II.
Mammillaria geminispina
Mammillaria geminispina, twin-spined cactus, is a clustering Mexican cactus in Cactaceae, described by Haworth in 1824, native to northeast Mexico to Veracruz, with 65 synonyms, CITES Appendix II listing, and RHS Award of Garden Merit.
Mammillaria hahniana
Mammillaria hahniana, the old lady cactus (biznaga vieja de la Sierra de Jalpan), is a white-woolly Mexican pincushion cactus described by Werdermann in 1929, native to northeastern Mexico, IUCN Near Threatened, CITES Appendix II.
Manchineel
Manchineel (Hippomane mancinella), also called beach apple or manzanilla de la muerte, is a highly toxic Euphorbiaceae tree of Caribbean and Central American coasts; sap, fruit, and even rainwater from its canopy cause blistering dermatitis and poisoning.
Mandragora
Mandragora (mandrake), a Solanaceae genus of four accepted species from the Mediterranean to the Tibetan Plateau, known for tropane alkaloids, ancient medicinal and mythological use, and an Eocene origin.
Mandragora officinarum
Mandragora officinarum, commonly called mandrake, is a perennial herb of the nightshade family native to the Mediterranean, used medicinally since antiquity and known for its human-shaped root in folklore.
Mandrake
Mandrake (Mandragora officinarum, Solanaceae), also called satan's apple, is a Mediterranean perennial herb with a human-shaped root containing atropine and scopolamine; used medicinally since 2000 BC and abandoned after volatile anaesthetics appeared.
Mangifera
Mangifera is a genus of about 64 accepted species of tropical Asian trees in Anacardiaceae, first published in 1753, including the mango Mangifera indica and many wild edible mango species.