2,112 articles
Neptunia
Neptunia (water mimosa genus) is a pantropical legume genus in Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimoseae, with about 20-22 species, two fully aquatic species (N. oleracea, N. plena), touch-sensitive bipinnate leaves, and the edible Thai vegetable water mimosa.
Nerium
Nerium (oleander, rose-bay) is a monotypic Apocynaceae genus whose single species, Nerium oleander L., is a toxic evergreen Mediterranean-to-Myanmar ornamental shrub containing cardiac glycosides, mainly oleandrin.
Neroli
Neroli is the steam-distilled essential oil of bitter orange (Citrus aurantium var. amara) blossoms, named after the Princess of Nerola; key note of eau de cologne, ~0.1% yield, mainly from Tunisia.
Nicandra
Nicandra Adans. (shoo-fly plant, apple-of-Peru) is a Solanaceae genus native to Peru and southern South America with three accepted species, the best known being Nicandra physalodes, an ornamental with an inflated fruiting calyx.
Nicotiana
Nicotiana (tobacco genus), Solanaceae flowering plants named for Jean Nicot; 60–109 species native to the Americas, Australia, and Namibia; source of nicotine, with polyploid species including N. tabacum and model plant N. benthamiana.
Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamiana, an Australian solanaceous model plant, is prized for viral susceptibility from a nonfunctional NbRDR1 gene, agroinfiltration and VIGS tools, and use as a biofactory for recombinant proteins and vaccines.
Nicotiana glauca
Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco, wild tobacco) is a South American Solanaceae shrub, 2–6 m tall, naturalized worldwide as a noxious weed; its leaves are dominated by toxic anabasine, causing fatal human and livestock poisoning.
Nicotiana glutinosa
Nicotiana glutinosa (glutinosa tobacco) is a viscid Andean Nicotiana species, Galapagos to W. Bolivia, described by Linnaeus 1753; source of the N gene for TMV resistance in commercial tobacco and a local-lesion indicator host.
Nicotiana rustica
Nicotiana rustica (Aztec tobacco, wild tobacco) is a South American allotetraploid tobacco species (2n=48, from N. paniculata and N. undulata) with 4–9.5% leaf nicotine, far stronger than N. tabacum, used for chewing tobacco, snuff, and nicotine extraction.
Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum, common tobacco, is an allotetraploid Solanaceae herb (2n=48) from Bolivia, derived from N. sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis; the leading commercial tobacco species, grown for nicotine-rich cured leaves.
Nigella sativa
Nigella sativa (black cumin, black seed, kalonji) is an annual Ranunculaceae herb native from Romania to Iran, grown for dark aromatic seeds rich in thymoquinone and linoleic acid, used as spice and in herbal medicine.
Night-blooming cereus
Night-blooming cereus, also called Reina de la noche, is a common name for at least four cactus species, including dragonfruit, whose large white flowers open for a single night.
Nolana
Nolana (Nolanaceae, now Solanaceae) is a genus of about 92 species of fog-desert herbs and shrubs native to coastal Peru and Chile and the Galápagos, recognized by its hard mericarp fruits.
Nopal
Nopal (nopalli, Nahuatl) is the Mexican name for Opuntia prickly pear cacti, especially Opuntia ficus-indica, whose pads (nopalitos) are eaten as a low-calorie vegetable and forage; CAM photosynthesis, mucilage, and Mexico's leading production distinguish it.
Nothofagus alpina
Nothofagus alpina, raulí, is a deciduous southern beech of Chile and southwest Argentina, reaching 45 m and 650–800 years, prized for rose-coloured timber and widely planted in Chilean silviculture; IUCN Least Concern.
Nothofagus dombeyi
Nothofagus dombeyi, coihue or coigüe (Dombey's beech), an evergreen southern beech (Nothofagaceae) up to 40 m, dominant in Chilean-Argentine Patagonian forests from Colchagua to Aysén; IUCN Least Concern, hard timber tree.
Nothofagus pumilio
Nothofagus pumilio (lenga), a deciduous southern beech of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego; dominant Andean treeline species and main commercial timber of southern Chile and Argentina, managed by shelterwood.
Nuphar
Nuphar (spatterdock, yellow pond-lily) is a genus of about 15 aquatic species in the water-lily family Nymphaeaceae, native to temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere fresh waters, basal in its family with Barclaya as closest relative.
Nut (food)
Nut (food): edible hard-shelled kernels including true botanical nuts, drupes, and seeds such as almonds, walnuts, pistachios, and peanuts. Eaten since prehistoric times; linked to lower cardiovascular and all-cause mortality; main hazard is aflatoxin.
Nut (fruit)
A nut is, in strict botany, a dry, one-seeded fruit with a hard pericarp that does not open at maturity, though in cooking the word covers almost any edible oily kernel in a shell.
Nutmeg
Nutmeg, the dried seed kernel of Myristica fragrans (mace is its red aril), a tropical spice native to the Banda Islands of Indonesia, once a Dutch VOC monopoly, traded for Manhattan in 1667, and toxic via myristicin in large doses.
Nyctaginaceae
Nyctaginaceae, the four o'clock family, is a Caryophyllales family of about 30-32 genera and 400 species, mostly New World tropics, with anthocarp fruits, Mirabilis jalapa, Bougainvillea, bird-catcher Pisonia trees, and two independent C4 origins.
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Parijat, night jasmine, tree of sadness) is an Oleaceae shrub or small tree to 10 m, native Himalaya to Jawa, with fragrant night-opening white flowers, orange dye tubes, and Ayurvedic medicinal use.
Nymphaea
Nymphaea (water lilies) is a cosmopolitan genus of about 50 aquatic flowering plants in Nymphaeaceae, with floating cordate leaves, showy flowers, five subgenera, an Early Cretaceous family fossil record, and major ornamental and edible uses.
Nymphaea alba
Nymphaea alba, the European white water lily (weiße Seerose), is a rhizomatous aquatic herb native from Europe to the W. Himalaya and NW. Africa, with floating cordate leaves, white 70–140 mm flowers, and close affinity to N. candida.
Nymphaea lotus
Nymphaea lotus, the white Egyptian lotus or white water lily, is an African tuberous water lily (Nymphaeaceae) with white night-opening flowers, edible and medicinal uses, and IUCN Least Concern status.
Nymphaeaceae
Nymphaeaceae, commonly called the water-lily family, is a family of perennial aquatic flowering plants with floating leaves and showy flowers, comprising about 70 species in five genera including Nymphaea and Victoria.
Nymphoides
Nymphoides (floatinghearts, water snowflakes) is a cosmopolitan genus of about 50 floating-leaved aquatic herbs in Menyanthaceae that resemble water lilies but are unrelated, with white or yellow fringed flowers and invasive tendencies.
Nymphoides indica
Nymphoides indica, the water snowflake, is a floating aquatic plant with round green leaves and white fringed flowers, native to tropical Asia and the Pacific.
Oak
Oak (Quercus, Fagaceae): about 425 species of acorn-bearing trees and shrubs of the temperate Northern Hemisphere, wind-pollinated, prone to hybridization yet genetically distinct, vital to wildlife and timber.