3,306 articles
Callistemon
Callistemon (bottlebrush) is an Australian genus of Myrtaceae shrubs with brush-like staminate flower spikes; Kew synonymizes it under Melaleuca, but the Australian Plant Census retains it.
Callitriche
Callitriche, known commonly as water-starworts, is a genus of 78 species of aquatic and terrestrial herbs in Plantaginaceae, first published by Linnaeus in 1753 and almost cosmopolitan in range.
Callitris
Callitris (cypress pines), an Australian and New Caledonian conifer genus in Cupressaceae; whorled three-part leaves, softwood-dominated native forests, durable termite-resistant timber, and threatened taxa like C. oblonga subsp. parva.
Calluna
Calluna is a monotypic Ericaceae genus whose single species, Calluna vulgaris (heather, ling), dominates European dry heathlands; a 15–60 cm evergreen subshrub with fire-adapted seed banks and four stand phases.
Calocedrus decurrens
Calocedrus decurrens, incense cedar (Libocedrus decurrens), a Cupressaceae conifer native from Oregon to Baja California and western Nevada; aromatic, columnar, drought-tolerant tree whose decay-resistant wood is used for pencils and siding.
Calophyllaceae
Calophyllaceae, a pantropical family of flowering plants in Malpighiales split from Clusiaceae in APG III (2009), with 13 genera including Calophyllum, Kielmeyera, Mammea, and Mesua, secretory ducts, and coumarin chemistry.
Calophyllum
Calophyllum (beautiful leaf, Greek kalos + phyllon) is a Calophyllaceae genus of about 200 tropical evergreen tree species centered on Borneo; source of calanolide A anti-HIV lead and tamanu biodiesel oil.
Calophyllum antillanum
Calophyllum antillanum (galba, Santa Maria, calaba) is a Caribbean Calophyllaceae tree, treated by Kew as C. brasiliense var. antillanum; native to Central America and the West Indies, used for timber and shade, invasive in south Florida and Hawaii.
Calophyllum inophyllum
Calophyllum inophyllum (Alexandrian laurel, tamanu, mastwood, nyamplung) is a coastal tropical tree of Calophyllaceae from East Africa to the Pacific, valued for shipbuilding timber, tamanu seed oil, medicine, and biodiesel.
Calotropis
Calotropis (akund, milkweed, Aak) is an Apocynaceae genus of latex-bearing shrubs native to the Old World tropics, with three accepted species including C. procera and C. gigantea, used medicinally and as fiber plants.
Calotropis gigantea
Calotropis gigantea (crown flower, giant milkweed, madar) is an Apocynaceae shrub native to South China and tropical Asia, grown ornamentally, used in traditional medicine and fiber making, and an invasive weed in Africa, Australia, and the Pacific.
Calotropis procera
Calotropis procera (apple of sodom, calotrope, rubber bush, ushar) is a latex-bearing Apocynaceae shrub native from Africa to Indo-China, used in traditional medicine yet cardiotoxic, and an invasive weed infesting 1.8-3.7 million hectares of northern Australia.
Caltha
Caltha, the marsh marigolds or kingcups, is a genus of about 16 accepted species of wetland perennial herbs in Ranunculaceae, type species Caltha palustris, native to temperate and boreal regions of both hemispheres with Southern Hemisphere endemics.
Caltha palustris
Caltha palustris, the yellow marsh-marigold, is a perennial herb of the buttercup family with showy yellow flowers, growing in marshes and wet meadows across the temperate Northern Hemisphere.
Camassia
Camassia (camas, quamash) is a genus of six North American bulbous perennials in Asparagaceae with spikes of blue, violet, or white flowers; edible bulbs were a staple Indigenous food, baked to convert inulin to fructose.
Camassia quamash
Camassia quamash (small camas, common camas, quamash) is a bulbous Asparagaceae geophyte native from western Canada to the western USA, with eight subspecies, an edible bulb harvested by Indigenous peoples for 4,000 years, and G5 conservation status.
Camelina
Camelina, known as false flax or "gold of pleasure," is an annual oilseed crop of the mustard family, native to Eastern Europe and Western Asia and grown for omega-3-rich oil and protein-rich meal.
Camellia
Camellia (山茶属) is a genus of about 241 accepted Asian evergreen species in Theaceae, including the tea plant C. sinensis, tea-oil camellia C. oleifera, and ornamentals C. japonica, C. sasanqua, and C. reticulata; its infrageneric taxonomy remains contested.
Camellia japonica
Camellia japonica (tsubaki, 山茶), the Japanese or common camellia, is an East Asian Theaceae shrub native to China, Korea, and Japan; IUCN Least Concern (2015), early-spring ornamental, source of camellia oil, and ancestor of most garden camellias.
Camellia oleifera
Camellia oleifera (tea oil camellia, oil-tea camellia) is a Theaceae shrub native from Assam to southern China and Indochina whose seeds yield camellia seed oil, the oriental olive oil, over 75% oleic acid, produced almost entirely in China.
Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis (茶树), the tea plant, is an evergreen Theaceae shrub from East Asia whose leaves yield white, green, oolong, and black tea; two varieties, sinensis and assamica, differ in leaf size and hardiness.
Campanula
Campanula (bellflowers), genus of Campanulaceae herbs with bell-shaped five-lobed flowers, native across the Northern hemisphere; about 455 species, polyphyletic in molecular phylogenies, including rampion and Canterbury bells.
Campanula rapunculoides
Campanula rapunculoides, creeping or rampion bellflower, a rhizomatous perennial bellflower native to Europe and Central Asia, invasive in North America, producing up to 15,000 seeds yearly.
Campanula rapunculus
Campanula rapunculus (rampion, rampion bellflower) is a biennial Campanulaceae native from Europe to Iran, once grown for its edible turnip-like roots and linked to the Rapunzel tale; not the invasive Campanula rapunculoides.
Campanula rotundifolia
Campanula rotundifolia, the harebell or common harebell (bluebell in Scotland), is a rhizomatous perennial bellflower native from Europe to the Russian Far East, a polyploid complex (2n = 34, 68, 102) of grasslands, heaths, and dunes, self-incompatible and bee pollinated.
Campanulaceae
Campanulaceae (bellflower family) is a cosmopolitan family of about 84 genera and 2,319 species in the order Asterales, including Campanula, Lobelia, Codonopsis and Platycodon, with milky latex, inferior ovaries and secondary pollen presentation.
Campomanesia
Campomanesia Ruiz & Pav. is a South American genus of about 43-45 woody Myrtaceae species in tribe Myrteae, recognized by a 4-18-locular ovary and a glandular false seed coat; includes guabiroba (C. xanthocarpa) and cambuci (C. phaea).
Cananga
Cananga is a genus of two fragrant-flowered Annonaceae trees, including Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang), native from tropical Asia to northern Australia and cultivated for ylang-ylang essential oil used in perfumery and food flavoring.
Cananga odorata
Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang, ilang-ilang), an Annonaceae tree native from southern Indo-China to Queensland, grown in tropical plantations for ylang-ylang and cananga essential oils used in perfumery and soap.
Canarina
Canarina is a small genus of flowering plants in the bellflower family, with three species disjunctly distributed between the Canary Islands and the mountains of East Africa.