4,295 articles
Agrimonia
Agrimonia (agrimony) is a genus of Rosaceae perennial herbs with yellow flowers and hooked burs, native to temperate Northern Hemisphere regions; type species A. eupatoria, used as the herbal drug Agrimoniae herba.
Agrimonia eupatoria
Agrimonia eupatoria (agrimony, church steeples) is a Rosaceae perennial herb of Europe, North Africa, and Asia; its dried flowering tops (Agrimoniae herba) are a tannin-rich traditional astringent drug regulated by an EMA monograph.
Agropyron
Agropyron (crested wheatgrasses) is a genus of perennial Triticeae grasses, Poaceae, native to temperate Eurasia and North Africa, with 13 accepted species, base chromosome number x=7, and P-genome-based circumscription.
Agropyron cristatum
Agropyron cristatum, crested wheatgrass, is a cool-season C3 perennial bunchgrass native to temperate Eurasia and North Africa, widely seeded in North America since the 1930s for forage and revegetation, but invasive in native prairie and linked to reduced soil carbon and diversity.
Agrostemma
Agrostemma, commonly known as the corncockles, is a small genus of two annual herb species in the pink family, native from southeastern Europe to western Asia.
Agrostemma githago
Agrostemma githago, common corncockle, is a toxic annual Caryophyllaceae herb native from SE Europe to N Iran, once a widespread grain-field weed whose seeds contaminated wheat until modern seed cleaning made it rare.
Agrostis gigantea
Agrostis gigantea, redtop or black bentgrass, is a rhizomatous perennial grass of temperate Eurasia, introduced worldwide, used for forage and erosion control but also an invasive agricultural weed.
Agrostis stolonifera
Agrostis stolonifera, creeping bentgrass, is a stoloniferous perennial Poaceae grass native to temperate Eurasia and North Africa, the dominant cool-season turfgrass on golf greens, allotetraploid 2n=28, tolerant of very low mowing.
Ailanthus
Ailanthus is a genus of six tree species in Simaroubaceae, native from tropical Asia to northern Australia; its best-known member, Ailanthus altissima (tree-of-heaven), is a major invasive tree in Europe, North America, and elsewhere.
Ailanthus altissima
Ailanthus altissima, tree-of-heaven, is an invasive Simaroubaceae tree from China, introduced to Europe in 1751 and North America in 1784, known for ailanthone allelopathy, clonal root suckers, and heavy seeding.
Aiphanes
Aiphanes Willd. is a genus of about 37 spiny understory palms (Arecaceae) native to Tropical America, centered in the Andes; Miocene origin, moist-habitat niche conservatism, species from 0 to 3,000 m.
Aiphanes minima
Aiphanes minima (coyure palm, macaw palm, Guinea bactris) is a spiny, solitary Caribbean palm in Arecaceae, native from Hispaniola and Puerto Rico to Trinidad and the Windward Islands, with bright red 1.4-1.7 cm fruits and seeds used in sweets.
Air fern
The air fern, also sold as the Neptune Plant, is a decorative ornament made from the dried, dyed skeleton of a marine animal, not a plant.
Aizoaceae
Aizoaceae, commonly called the ice plant family, is a family of flowering plants with succulent leaves and capsule fruits, with most of its roughly 2,000 species native to southern Africa.
Aizoon
Aizoon is a genus of succulent herbs and shrublets in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae, established by Linnaeus in 1753 and native from Macaronesia to Pakistan and Eritrea to South Africa.
Ajuga
Ajuga, commonly known as bugleweed or carpet bugle, is a genus of about 69 species of flowering plants in the mint family, native across Eurasia and known for the ground cover Ajuga reptans.
Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans (bugle, bugleweed, carpet bugleweed), Lamiaceae perennial herb native to Europe to N. Iran and NW Africa, spread by stolons; shade ground cover, invasive-risk listed in Florida, studied for hepatoprotective and hemostatic extracts.
Ajwain (अजवाइन)
Ajwain (अजवाइन), carom seed or bishop's weed, is the spice from Trachyspermum ammi, an Apiaceae annual native from Iraq to Central Asia. India is the largest producer; its thymol-rich essential oil (35–60% thymol) gives a thyme-like flavor and digestive, antimicrobial uses.
Alamania spp.
Alamania (spp.) is a monotypic Mexican orchid genus (Orchidaceae, Laeliinae) with the single species Alamania punicea, described in 1825 and named for Lucas Alamán; it grows as a creeping epiphyte in high oak-pine forests.
Albizia
Albizia is a genus of woody trees and shrubs in the legume family Fabaceae, published in 1772 and best known for the silktree, Albizia julibrissin.
Albizia julibrissin
Albizia julibrissin, silktree or mimosa (Persian silk tree), a Fabaceae tree native from Iran to Japan, grown as an ornamental since the 18th century and now a Category I invasive in Florida and much of the southeastern US.
Albizia lebbeck
Albizia lebbeck, the woman's tongue tree or siris (Mimosa lebbeck L.), a Fabaceae tree native from the Indian subcontinent to Myanmar, grown for fodder, timber, and shade, invasive in Florida and elsewhere.
Alcea
Alcea (hollyhocks) is a genus of about 83 accepted species of Malvaceae herbs native from East Central Europe to Central Asia; Alcea rosea, the hollyhock, is a cultigen from Türkiye grown as an ornamental and used in traditional medicine.
Alchemilla
Alchemilla (lady's mantle), Rosaceae genus of perennial herbs with palmately lobed leaves and greenish flowers; apomictic microspecies; used traditionally for gynecological and digestive complaints.
Alchornea
Alchornea Sw. is a genus of about 51 accepted species of dioecious Euphorbiaceae shrubs and small trees native to the tropics and subtropics, used in traditional medicine; A. cordifolia, A. floribunda, and A. laxiflora are the most studied medicinal species.
Aldama
Aldama La Llave is a genus of about 115–120 species of Asteraceae (Heliantheae, Helianthinae) shrubs and herbs native to tropical and subtropical America, centered in Mexico, segregated from Viguiera in 2011.
Alder
Alder (Alnus), a genus of about 40 birch-family trees and shrubs of the temperate Northern Hemisphere to the Andes, identified by stalked buds and persistent cones, and fixing nitrogen through Frankia root nodules.
Aldrovanda vesiculosa
Aldrovanda vesiculosa, the waterwheel plant, is the sole living species of its carnivorous plant genus, a rootless aquatic snap-trap plant native from Europe to Australia, IUCN Endangered with only 50 confirmed extant sites after decline from 379 historical populations, and extinct in the wild in Japan since 1967.
Aleppo pepper
Aleppo pepper, or Halaby pepper (pul biber), is a coarse, oily Capsicum annuum chile flake from Aleppo, Syria, about 10,000 SHU, fruity and raisin-like; production moved to Turkey after the Syrian war.
Alerce Costero National Park
Alerce Costero National Park (Parque Nacional Alerce Costero), a Chilean national park in Los Ríos Region created in 2010 on the Cordillera Pelada, protects ancient Fitzroya cupressoides (alerce) forests, including the over-5,000-year-old Abuelo Alerce Milenario, with high endemism and 4x4-only access.