9,464 articles
Osamu Takeuchi
Osamu Takeuchi is a Japanese physician-scientist and professor of Medical Chemistry at Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, known for Toll-like receptor signaling and discovering Regnase-1, which degrades inflammatory messenger RNAs.
Oscar Hertwig
Oscar Hertwig (1849–1922) was a German embryologist and cytologist who first recognized the fusion of sperm and egg nuclei as the essential event in fertilization.
Oscar L. Miller
Oscar Lee Miller Jr. is an American molecular biologist at Oak Ridge and the University of Virginia whose chromatin spreading method produced the "Christmas tree" micrographs of ribosomal RNA genes.
Óscar Llorca
Óscar Llorca is a Spanish structural biologist who uses cryo-electron microscopy to study macromolecular complexes involved in cancer, leading the Structural Biology Programme at CNIO in Madrid.
Oscar Marín
Óscar Marín (born 1971) is a Spanish neuroscientist who studies how cerebral cortex circuits are assembled, focusing on inhibitory interneurons, and directs the Centre for Developmental Neurobiology at King's College London.
Oscar Riddle
Oscar Riddle (1877–1968) was an American zoologist and endocrinologist who isolated and named prolactin, the pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production, and spent decades studying pigeons at Cold Spring Harbor.
Osias Stutman
Osias Stutman was an immunologist who studied the thymus, T-cell development, and chemical carcinogenesis, first at Minnesota and later at Memorial Sloan Kettering; his 1974 nude-mouse experiments challenged the cancer immunosurveillance hypothesis.
Oskar Hansson
Oskar Hansson, born 1975, is a Swedish neurologist and professor of neurology at Lund University, known for the p-tau217 blood test for early Alzheimer's diagnosis.
Oskar Langendorff
Oskar Langendorff (1853–1908) was a German physiologist who in 1895 introduced the Langendorff heart, a perfusion method for the isolated mammalian heart still used today.
Oswald Avery
Oswald Avery (1877–1955) was a Canadian-born American bacteriologist at the Rockefeller Institute who spent 35 years studying pneumococcus and whose 1944 paper identified DNA as the hereditary transforming substance.
Oswald Steward
Oswald Steward is a UC Irvine neuroscientist and founding director of the Reeve-Irvine Research Center, known for discovering local protein synthesis in neurons and winning the 2026 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience.
Othon Iliopoulos
Othon Iliopoulos is a physician-scientist at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, known for work on the VHL tumor suppressor pathway and belzutifan trials.
Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer
Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer (1896–1969), German human geneticist and Nazi racial-hygiene leader, directed the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, received Auschwitz blood samples via Josef Mengele, and in 1951 became Münster's first professor of human genetics.
Otto Frank (physiologist)
Otto Frank (1865–1944) was a German physiologist whose name is attached to the Frank–Starling law of the heart; he was professor of physiology in Munich until 1934.
Otto Frankel
Sir Otto Frankel (1900–1998) was a Vienna-born plant geneticist who worked in New Zealand and Australia and became a founder of the international movement to conserve crop genetic diversity.
Otto Hagenbüchle
Otto Hagenbüchle is a molecular biologist whose 1980 to 1985 papers on mouse α-amylase genes established how a single gene produces different mRNAs in different tissues.
Otto L. Lange
Otto L. Lange (Otto Ludwig Lange) was a German botanist and lichenologist, regarded as a founder of modern ecophysiology, who held the Chair of Botany II at Würzburg from 1967.
Otto Meyerhof
Otto Fritz Meyerhof was a German-born physician and biochemist who shared the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering how oxygen consumption relates to lactic acid metabolism in muscle.
Otto Renner
Otto Renner (1883–1960) was a German botanist and plant geneticist who established plastid inheritance through studies of the evening primrose Oenothera, and was professor of botany at Jena and Munich.
Otto Rosenheim
Otto Rosenheim (Sigmund Otto Rosenheim, 1871–1955) was a German-born British biochemist who identified ergosterol as provitamin D and was elected a Royal Society Fellow in 1927.
Otto vom Rath
Otto vom Rath was a zoologist active in the 1880s whose studies of insect sense organs gave its name to vom Rath's organ, a feature of butterflies and moths.
Otto Warburg (biochemist)
Otto Warburg (1883–1970) was a German biochemist who won the 1931 Nobel Prize for his work on the respiratory enzyme and described the Warburg effect in cancer.
Ottoline Leyser
Ottoline Leyser is a British plant biologist at Cambridge who studies auxin and shoot branching and led UK Research and Innovation from 2020 to 2025.
Owe Orwar
Owe Orwar (born 1964) is a molecular biophysicist at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, known for lipid nanotube-vesicle networks, artificial cells, and single-cell patch-clamp analysis.
Owen Sansom
Owen Sansom is a British cancer biologist known for research on Wnt signaling and APC in colorectal cancer, and director of the Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute.
P. Andrew Karplus
P. Andrew Karplus is a biochemist and biophysicist at Oregon State University, now retired, best known for a 2012 Science paper that changed how crystallographers judge data quality.
P. Anthony Weil
P. Anthony Weil is a molecular biologist at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine known for research on transcriptional regulation, including the 1989 cloning of the yeast TFIID gene.
P. Anton van der Merwe
P. Anton van der Merwe, fully Philip Anton van der Merwe, is a South African-trained immunologist and Professor of Molecular Immunology at the University of Oxford.
P. David Rogers
P. David Rogers is an American clinical pharmacist and pharmacologist who chairs the Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee.
P. Frederick Sparling
P. Frederick Sparling, born in 1936, is an American physician-scientist at UNC Chapel Hill known for research on gonorrhea and syphilis, including pilus antigenic variation.