72,234 articles
Ming O. Li
Ming O. Li is a Chinese-born American immunologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center who defined TGF-β as a central regulator of T cell immunity and cancer immunosurveillance.
Ming T. Tsuang
Ming T. Tsuang, also known as Ming Tsuang, was a Taiwanese-American psychiatrist and psychiatric geneticist whose family, twin, and adoption studies established schizophrenia as partly genetic.
Ming-Feng Tsai
Ming-Feng Tsai is a Taiwanese-born American physiologist and Associate Professor at the University of Virginia, known for defining how the mitochondrial calcium uniporter channel is regulated.
Ming‐Hui Zou
Ming-Hui Zou (邹明辉) is a Chinese-born cardiovascular biologist who studies how oxidative stress damages blood vessels in diabetes and how AMPK protects against it, at Georgia State University.
Ming‐Jer Tsai
Ming-Jer Tsai (蔡明哲, 1943–2023) was a Taiwanese-born molecular endocrinologist who spent his career at Baylor College of Medicine and discovered the orphan nuclear receptor COUP-TFII, central to metabolism and development research.
Ming‐Sound Tsao
Ming-Sound Tsao is a Canadian thoracic pathologist and University of Toronto professor who studies lung cancer biomarkers at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto.
Minglin Ma
Minglin Ma (马明林) is a professor of biological and environmental engineering at Cornell University whose lab develops islet encapsulation devices for type 1 diabetes and co-founded Persista Bio.
Mingyue Decoction
明月汤 (Mingyue Decoction) is a six-herb Mongolian medicine decoction from the 19th-century Shanhuyanfang by Ishidanjinwangjile, for red, painful 'blood Xira' eye disease; listed in China's classic formula catalog.
Mini-BEAM regimen
Mini-BEAM is a reduced-dose salvage chemotherapy regimen combining carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan, given over six days to shrink relapsed or refractory lymphoma before autologous stem cell transplantation.
Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview
The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) is a brief structured diagnostic interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10 psychiatric disorders, developed by psychiatrists in the United States and Europe and completed in about 15 minutes.
Mini-laparotomy
Mini-laparotomy is open abdominal surgery through a small incision of a few centimeters, sitting between standard open surgery and laparoscopy, used for sterilization and gallbladder removal.
Mini-thoracotomy
A mini-thoracotomy is a small-incision surgical technique reaching the chest through a 4- to 7-cm opening between the ribs, used mainly for cardiac valve surgery.
Mini–mental state examination
Mini–mental state examination (MMSE), 30-point bedside cognitive screening test published by Folstein and colleagues in 1975; pooled sensitivity and specificity about 0.89 for dementia, weaker for MCI, affected by education and language.
Miniature American Shepherd
Miniature American Shepherd (MAS), formerly Miniature Australian Shepherd: small US herding dog from 1960s small Australian Shepherds; 13-18 inches, 20-40 lb; AKC-recognized 2015, Herding Group, MASCUSA parent club.
Miniature Fox Terrier
Miniature Fox Terrier, or Mini Foxie, a small Australian smooth-coated terrier breed, 24-30.5 cm tall, predominantly white with black/tan markings; distinct from the American Toy Fox Terrier and the ANKC-recognized Tenterfield Terrier.
Miniature horse
Miniature horse: a horse breed defined by height, not over 34 inches at the last mane hairs per the AMHA (founded 1978). Distinguished from ponies; also the only non-dog service animal recognized under the ADA's 2010 regulations.
Miniature pig
Miniature pig, or mini pig, a small domestic pig breed or mixed pet type, including Vietnamese potbellied, Juliana, Kunekune, and Göttingen Minipig; adults reach 45-68 kg, full size at 3-4 years, and teacup claims are marketing.
Miniature Schnauzer
Miniature Schnauzer (Zwergschnauzer), smallest of the three Schnauzer breeds, a German farm dog and ratter derived from Standard Schnauzers, Affenpinschers, and Poodles; 12–14 inches, AKC-recognized 1926, Terrier Group, ranked No. 17 in 2025.
Minibeam radiation therapy
Minibeam radiation therapy (MBRT) is a radiotherapy technique using arrays of narrow beamlets that spare normal tissue while treating tumors; first used clinically in 2024.
Minilaparotomy
Minilaparotomy, commonly called minilap, is a small-incision abdominal approach to the fallopian tubes, used chiefly for female sterilization through an incision under 5 cm, often under local anesthesia.
Minimal residual disease
Minimal (measurable) residual disease (MRD) is submicroscopic cancer remaining after remission, chiefly in leukemia. Measured by flow cytometry, PCR, or NGS; MRD negativity in ALL predicts far better survival and guides therapy.
Minimally conscious state
Minimally conscious state (MCS), ICD-11 8E22, is a disorder of consciousness after severe brain injury with definite but inconsistent signs of awareness, defined by 2002 Aspen Workgroup criteria, assessed with the CRS-R, and prone to about 40% misdiagnosis.
Minimally conscious state minus
Minimally conscious state minus (MCS−, ICD-11 8E22.1) is a disorder-of-consciousness subtype with non-language signs of awareness such as visual pursuit or object manipulation, but no command following or language function; proposed 2011, worse prognosis than MCS+.
Minimally conscious state plus
Minimally conscious state plus (MCS+, ICD-11 8E22.0) is a subdivision of the minimally conscious state defined by preserved language behaviors such as command following, intelligible verbalization, or intentional communication, distinguishing it from MCS minus and predicting faster emergence.
Minimally invasive biopsy
A minimally invasive biopsy removes cells or small tissue samples through a needle or a natural body opening, without open surgery, to test for disease.
Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery
MIDCAB: minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass, LIMA-to-LAD graft via left mini-thoracotomy without sternotomy or bypass, introduced mid-1990s, for isolated LAD disease and hybrid revascularization.
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery
Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) is a group of ophthalmic procedures that lower eye pressure in glaucoma through tiny implants, with less tissue disruption than traditional surgery.
Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery
Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) repairs or replaces the mitral valve through a small right chest incision rather than a full sternotomy, pioneered in the 1990s.
Minimally invasive spine surgery
Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) is a family of techniques treating spinal disorders through small incisions and muscle-sparing corridors, reducing blood loss, complications, and hospital stay versus open surgery.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
Minimally invasive surgical procedures avoid open surgery by working through small keyhole incisions with endoscopes or robotic arms, reducing pain, tissue trauma, and recovery time across many specialties.