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Ovarian carcinoma immunoreactive antigen domain
The OCIA (ovarian carcinoma immunoreactive antigen) domain, Pfam PF07051, is a conserved N-terminal protein domain in OCIAD1/Asrij and OCIAD2, arising by tandem duplication 435-500 mya, mediating endosomal localization and STAT3 activation.
Ovarian cyst
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops in or on an ovary. Cysts are very common, and most are benign and resolve without treatment.
Ovarian cystectomy
Ovarian cystectomy is a gynecological operation that removes an ovarian cyst while leaving a functional ovary, most often done laparoscopically for endometriomas, dermoid cysts, and cystadenomas.
Ovarian drilling
Ovarian drilling (laparoscopic ovarian drilling, LOD; transvaginal TVOD/UTND) is a second-line surgical ovulation-induction treatment for clomiphene-resistant PCOS, using diathermy, laser, or needle punctures of the ovaries, restoring ovulation in most treated women.
Ovarian dysfunction
Ovarian dysfunction (ICD-10 E28; ICD-11 5A80) covers ovarian hormone and ovulation disorders, including PCOS, androgen excess, and primary ovarian insufficiency before age 40, diagnosed with FSH, AMH, and ultrasound.
Ovarian dysgerminoma
Ovarian dysgerminoma is a rare malignant ovarian tumor arising from primordial germ cells, the most common malignant ovarian germ cell tumor, affecting mainly young women with a good prognosis.
Ovarian fibroma
Ovarian fibroma (fibroma of ovary, ORPHA:314473) is a rare benign sex cord-stromal ovarian tumor of spindle cells and collagen, the most common benign solid ovarian tumor (1-4% of benign ovarian tumors); Meigs syndrome with ascites and pleural effusion occurs in about 1%.
Ovarian fibrothecoma
Ovarian fibrothecoma, a rare benign sex cord-stromal ovarian tumor mixing fibroma and thecoma features, typically unilateral in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, sometimes with estrogenic effects, ascites, elevated CA-125, or Meigs syndrome.
Ovarian follicle
Ovarian follicle: the ovary's basic unit, an oocyte with granulosa and theca cells. Stages run primordial to preovulatory (Graafian); NICHD recognizes six preantral and five antral stages; only ~500 follicles ovulate in a lifetime.
Ovarian Function Tests
Ovarian function tests, or ovarian reserve tests (AMH, antral follicle count, basal FSH/estradiol), estimate remaining egg quantity; they predict IVF oocyte yield but not fertility independently of age.
Ovarian hyperstimulation
Ovarian hyperstimulation, also called controlled ovarian stimulation, uses injectable gonadotropins to grow multiple follicles in one IVF cycle, with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as its main risk.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of IVF ovarian stimulation, marked by ovarian enlargement, VEGF-driven fluid shift, ascites, and hemoconcentration; mild in 20-33% of cycles, severe in 3-8%.
Ovarian pregnancy
Ovarian pregnancy (ovarian ectopic pregnancy, ICD-11 JA01.2) is a rare ectopic pregnancy implanted in the ovary, defined by Spiegelberg's criteria, presenting with pain and hemoperitoneum, and usually treated by laparoscopic ovarian-sparing surgery.
Ovarian remnant syndrome
Ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS): residual ovarian tissue left after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy causing pelvic pain or mass; risk factors endometriosis, PID, adhesions; treated by surgical excision.
Ovarian Reserve
Ovarian reserve, the number of oocytes remaining in the ovaries, is measured with AMH, antral follicle count, and FSH; it predicts IVF oocyte yield well but reproductive potential poorly, and should not be used as a fertility test.
Ovarian stimulation protocol
An ovarian stimulation protocol is a regimen of hormonal medications used in assisted reproduction to develop multiple ovarian follicles before egg retrieval for IVF or ICSI.
Ovarian suppression
Ovarian suppression, also called ovarian function suppression, is a treatment that stops the ovaries from producing estrogen, used to treat hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer in premenopausal women.
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is a fertility preservation technique that freezes ovarian tissue for later reimplantation, restoring hormones and fertility; more than 300 live births have been reported since 2004.
Ovarian tissue transplantation
Ovarian tissue transplantation is a fertility-preservation procedure in which cryopreserved ovarian cortex is reimplanted to restore ovarian hormone function and fertility, yielding over 300 reported live births.
Ovarian torsion
Ovarian torsion (adnexal torsion): twisting of the ovary around the infundibulopelvic and utero-ovarian ligaments, cutting blood flow; a gynecological emergency treated by laparoscopic detorsion with ovarian preservation, peak age 29–34.
Ovariohysterectomy
Ovariohysterectomy, also called spay or OHE, is surgery that removes both ovaries and the uterus of a female animal, mainly dogs and cats, to sterilize them and prevent reproductive disease.
Ovary
Ovary: paired female gonad producing oocytes and the hormones estrogen and progesterone; almond-sized organs beside the uterus; follicles, ovulation, corpus luteum, menopause, and disorders such as PCOS and ovarian cancer.
OVCAR-3
OVCAR-3 (NIH:OVCAR-3, ATCC HTB-161, CVCL_0465) is a human high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line established in 1982 from malignant ascites of a 60-year-old woman; cisplatin-resistant, hormone-receptor positive, NCI-60 member.
OVCAR-5
OVCAR-5 (NIH:OVCAR-5, CVCL_1628) is a human cancer cell line from the ascites of a 67-year-old untreated patient, registered as high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma but suspected of upper gastrointestinal origin; NCI-60 member with homozygous KRAS Gly12Val.
OVCAR-8
OVCAR-8 (NIH:OVCAR-8, CVCL_1629) is a human ovarian cancer cell line from a 64-year-old donor, a member of the NCI-60 panel, TP53-mutant, hyperdiploid, and the only HGSOC line tested that reliably forms ascites in nude mice.
Oveporexton
Oveporexton (TAK-861, brand Orzeyful) is Takeda's oral orexin receptor 2-selective agonist for narcolepsy type 1; FDA approved August 2026 after positive phase 2b and phase 3 trials showing improved wakefulness, sleepiness, and cataplexy.
OVER trial
OVER trial (Open Versus Endovascular Repair Trial, NCT00094575): US Veterans Affairs randomized trial of 881 veterans comparing endovascular versus open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair; lower perioperative mortality with EVAR, no long-term survival difference.
Over-the-counter drug
An over-the-counter (OTC) drug, also called a nonprescription drug, is a medicine consumers can buy and use without a prescription, such as pain relievers, antacids, and sunscreens.
Overactive bladder
Overactive bladder (OAB), or urgency with frequency and nocturia with or without urgency incontinence, affects over 30 million Americans aged 40+. Treated with bladder training, antimuscarinics, beta-3 agonists like mirabegron, then botulinum toxin or neuromodulation.
OVERCOME-TBI study
OVERCOME-TBI (NCT06927063) is a prospective observational study at Turku University Hospital following up to 160 TBI patients from the TBIcare and PACoS-TBI cohorts with MRI, PET, blood biomarkers, and gut microbiome profiling at chronic post-injury time points.