72,234 articles
Rh18
Rh18, also called SJRH-18, is a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line established at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital from a two-year-old girl's perineal tumor, used widely in pediatric sarcoma research.
Rh28
Rh28 (SJRH-28, CVCL_8752) is a human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell line from a 17-year-old male, PAX3-FOXO1 fusion-positive, near tetraploid, established via xenograft at St. Jude in 1987, notable for spontaneous senescence and use in PPTP drug testing.
Rh30
Rh30 (SJCRH30, RMS13, CVCL_0041) is a human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell line from a bone marrow metastasis, carrying the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion, TP53 mutations, and 12q13-q15 CDK4 amplification; distributed by ATCC and DSMZ.
Rh4
Rh4 (RH4, SJRH-4, CVCL_5916) is a human alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cell line from a 7-year-old girl's lung metastasis, PAX3-FOXO1 fusion-positive with TP53 mutation, paired with RH41 from the same patient.
Rhabditida
Rhabditida, also called Strongylida in NCBI synonymy, is an order of Chromadorea nematodes with about 450 genera, including C. elegans, soil rhabditids, and the entomopathogenic genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis.
Rhabdoid tumor
Rhabdoid tumor (malignant rhabdoid tumor), an aggressive infant/childhood cancer of kidney, CNS (ATRT), and soft tissues, driven by SMARCB1 loss; 5-year survival about 20%, treated with surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy.
Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome
Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome (RTPS, RTPS1/RTPS2) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary cancer syndrome caused by germline SMARCB1 or SMARCA4 variants, predisposing infants to aggressive rhabdoid tumors (ATRT, kidney, soft tissue) with over 90% penetrance by age 5.
Rhabdomyolysis
Rhabdomyolysis: rapid skeletal muscle breakdown releasing myoglobin and creatine kinase, causing acute kidney injury. Causes include crush injury, statins, exertion, infections; treated with early IV fluids.
Rhabdomyoma
Rhabdomyoma: benign skeletal-muscle tumor, cardiac and extracardiac (adult, fetal, genital) types. Cardiac form is the most common pediatric heart tumor, linked to tuberous sclerosis, regresses spontaneously; mTOR inhibitors shrink it.
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), also called embryonal or alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, is the most common childhood soft tissue sarcoma, arising in striated muscle. Key facts: PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusions mark alveolar RMS; treated with VAC/IVA chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix uteri
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the cervix uteri, a rare embryonal (usually botryoid/polypoid) skeletal-muscle cancer of the cervix, peaks in the second decade, is treated with chemotherapy plus conservative surgery, and has the best survival among gynecologic rhabdomyosarcoma sites.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the corpus uteri
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the corpus uteri (uterine rhabdomyosarcoma) is an extremely rare, highly malignant uterine sarcoma from primitive mesenchymal cells with skeletal muscle differentiation, presenting with abnormal bleeding, linked to DICER1, and treated with surgery plus VAC chemotherapy.
Rhabdomys
Rhabdomys, the African striped mice or four-striped grass mice, is a genus of small (40-50 g) diurnal murid rodents of southern and eastern Africa, defined by four dorsal stripes formed through Alx3 repression of Mitf and by socially flexible solitary or group living.
Rhabdophis
Rhabdophis, Asian keelback snakes (34 species, East and South Asia), known for nuchal glands storing bufadienolide toxins sequestered from toads or fireflies; some species are both venomous and poisonous.
Rhabdopleura
Rhabdopleura (Allman, 1869) is the only living graptolite genus, a colonial pterobranch hemichordate with stolon-connected zooids in secreted tubes, a Middle Cambrian to Eocene fossil record, and 12 described extant species.
Rhabdoviridae
Rhabdoviridae: family of bullet-shaped, enveloped negative-sense ssRNA viruses (order Mononegavirales) with 580 species in 62 genera and four subfamilies; includes rabies virus (Lyssavirus), vesicular stomatitis viruses, and fish and plant rhabdoviruses.
Rhacophoridae
Rhacophoridae, the Old World tree frogs (Afro-Asian tree frogs, flying frogs), is a frog family of 494 species in two subfamilies, native to Subsaharan Africa and southern Asia, sister to Mantellidae.
Rhacophorus
Rhacophorus (flying frogs, parachuting frogs, 树蛙属) is a genus of 51 rhacophorid tree frog species from South and Southeast Asia, established in 1822, with contested internal taxonomy involving Leptomantis and Zhangixalus.
Rhaetavicula
Rhaetavicula (Rhaetavicula contorta) is an extinct Triassic pterioid bivalve genus established by Cox in 1962; its type species is the Rhaetian guide fossil that defined the Rhaetian stage.
Rhagionidae
Rhagionidae (snipe flies) are predaceous brachyceran flies of Tabanomorpha with tapering abdomen and round head; four subfamilies, at least 15 extant genera, and a fossil record back to the Triassic.
Rhamdia quelen
Rhamdia quelen, the jundiá or silver catfish (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), is a heptapterid catfish from Mexico to central Argentina, head of a species complex, farmed in southern Brazil.
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family, is a Rosales family of trees, shrubs, and vines with c. 50-60 genera and 900-1,200 species, cosmopolitan, including Ziziphus jujubes, Rhamnus buckthorns, and Ceanothus ornamentals.
Rhamnogalacturonan-I
Rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) is a highly branched pectic polysaccharide of plant cell walls, first characterized in 1980 and now the basis of commercial carrot and pumpkin dietary-fiber ingredients.
Rhamnosyltransferase
Rhamnosyltransferase (RHT, Rha-T) is a glycosyltransferase transferring rhamnose from NDP-rhamnose donors (dTDP-, UDP-, GDP-Rha) to proteins, lipids, and glycans, building cell walls, antibiotics, and rhamnosides used in medicine, food, and cosmetics.
Rhamnus (plant)
Rhamnus (buckthorn) is a genus of about 139 accepted species of shrubs and small trees in Rhamnaceae, native to temperate and subtropical to tropical mountains, with drupes bearing 2-4 stones; R. cathartica is invasive in eastern North America.
Rhamnus alaternus
Rhamnus alaternus (Italian buckthorn, evergreen buckthorn) is a Mediterranean evergreen Rhamnaceae shrub, dioecious, with black 3-stoned drupes; used in North African folk medicine and invasive in California, Australia, and New Zealand.
Rhamnus cathartica
Rhamnus cathartica (common, European, or purging buckthorn) is a dioecious Eurasian Rhamnaceae shrub introduced to North America in the early 1800s as an ornamental and medicinal plant, now an invasive forest understory tree, alternate host of oat crown rust and the soybean aphid, with no approved biocontrol agents.
Rhaphidophoridae
Rhaphidophoridae, the camel or cave crickets (cave wētā), is a wingless, hump-backed family of Orthoptera with about 590 species in ten subfamilies, found worldwide except Antarctica, originating in the Jurassic or Cretaceous.
Rhaphiodon vulpinus
Rhaphiodon vulpinus, the biara, is a monotypic dogtooth characin (Cynodontidae) of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Paraná-Paraguay-Uruguay basins; an elongate piscivorous migrant reaching 80 cm SL, IUCN Least Concern.
RHD3/Sey1
RHD3/Sey1 (InterPro IPR008803), also called atlastin family: dynamin-like membrane GTPases (atlastins in metazoans, Sey1p in yeast, RHD3 in plants) that mediate GTP-dependent homotypic ER tubule fusion; RHD3 loss causes short wavy Arabidopsis root hairs.