72,234 articles
EuroSIDA study
EuroSIDA is a prospective observational cohort study, started in 1994 and run from CHIP, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, following over 24,500 adults with HIV in 118 clinics across 39 countries, Israel, and Argentina, studying long-term ART outcomes.
Eurotium
Eurotium, a former genus of xerophilic ascomycete fungi now synonymized under Aspergillus section Aspergillus, forms yellow cleistothecia with lenticular ascospores, spoils dried foods and stored grain at water activity down to about 0.70, and produces no highly toxic mycotoxins.
Euryale ferox
Euryale ferox (makhana, fox nut, gorgon nut, prickly water lily) is the only extant Euryale species, a spiny aquatic Nymphaeaceae whose popped seeds are a major cash crop of north Bihar, India, with 76.9% carbohydrate and 9.7% protein.
Euryalida
Euryalida is an order of brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) containing basket stars and snake stars, with reduced external skeleton and hourglass vertebrae; families Euryalidae, Gorgonocephalidae, Asteronychidae; Triassic Aspiduriella is its oldest known relative.
Euryblepharon
Euryblepharon is a rare congenital eyelid anomaly with bilateral horizontal enlargement of the palpebral fissure, shortened lids, lateral canthal malposition, and lateral ectropion; severe cases need canthoplasty.
Eurycoma longifolia
Eurycoma longifolia, tongkat ali or pasak bumi, is a Southeast Asian Simaroubaceae tree whose root is used as a traditional male sexual health and testosterone supplement; marker compound eurycomanone.
Eurydesma
Eurydesma, an extinct large bivalve genus of Late Pennsylvanian-Early Permian Gondwana; namesake of the cold-water Eurydesma Fauna used to correlate glacial-postglacial marine beds across South America, Africa, India, and Australia; extinct during postglacial warming.
Euryhaline
Euryhaline organisms tolerate a wide range of environmental salinities, unlike stenohaline species. Examples include salmon, eels, and killifish; key mechanisms are gill ionocytes, Na+/K+-ATPase-driven transport, and hormonal control by prolactin, growth hormone, and cortisol.
Eurypauropodidae
Eurypauropodidae, also Eurypauropodoidea (Ryder, 1879), a family of pauropods in Tetramerocerata with 4 genera and 62 species, diagnosed by flattened bodies and strongly sclerotized, ornamented tergites.
Eurypterid
Eurypterids, or sea scorpions (Eurypterida), are extinct aquatic chelicerate arthropods of the Ordovician through Permian, peaking in the Silurian; they include the largest arthropods ever, Jaekelopterus at about 2.5 m.
Eurypterus
Eurypterus, a Silurian sea scorpion genus of eurypterid chelicerates; type species E. remipes, New York's state fossil, famous from the hypersaline Bertie Group Lagerstätten and the mass-moult-mate hypothesis.
Eurytomidae
Eurytomidae is a family of chalcid wasps, known as eurytomids or seed chalcids, whose larvae live inside plant tissue as seed eaters, gall formers, or parasitoids.
EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy
EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) is an endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage procedure creating a fistula between the common bile duct and duodenal bulb to relieve biliary obstruction when ERCP fails.
EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy
EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) is an endoscopic procedure in which an ultrasound-equipped endoscope guides a needle through the gut wall into lesions, obtaining core tissue for histologic diagnosis.
Eusociality
Eusociality, also called eusocial behavior, is the most advanced animal social organization: colonies jointly raise young across overlapping generations, with sterile individuals serving fertile ones, as in ants and bees.
Eusporangiate and leptosporangiate sporangia compared
Eusporangiate and leptosporangiate sporangia are the two fern sporangium types: eusporangiate ones form from many cells and shed thousands of spores, leptosporangiate ones from a single cell.
Eusporangiate ferns
Eusporangiate ferns: ferns whose sporangia develop from multiple initial cells, covering Equisetales, Psilotales, Ophioglossales, and Marattiales; a non-monophyletic grouping contrasted with the single-initial, stalked sporangia of leptosporangiate ferns.
Eusporangium development
A eusporangium is a fern sporangium that develops from a group of cells rather than a single mother cell, with a several-layered wall, very large spore output, and no annulus.
Eustachian salpingitis
Eustachian salpingitis (otosalpingitis, tubotympanitis) is inflammation of the Eustachian tube, ICD-11 AB10.2 and ICD-10 H68.0, causing ear pressure, soreness, and reduced hearing, usually after respiratory infection or allergy.
Eustachian tube
Eustachian tube (auditory, pharyngotympanic tube): passage linking middle ear to nasopharynx, named for Bartolomeo Eustachi. Ventilates, clears, and protects the middle ear; dysfunction subtypes are dilatory, baro-challenge-induced, and patulous.
Eustrongylidosis
Eustrongylidosis, also called eustrongylidiasis, is a parasitic disease caused by Eustrongylides tubifex, E. ignotus, and E. excisus nematodes, cycling between fish-eating birds, oligochaetes, and freshwater fish, and infecting humans who eat raw fish.
Eutardigrade
Eutardigrada (eutardigrades) is the larger class of tardigrades, sister to Heterotardigrada, defined by buccopharyngeal appendage morphology, with orders Apochela and Parachela, about 805 non-marine species, and anhydrobiotic cryptobiosis in terrestrial forms.
Euteliidae
Euteliidae, the euteliid moths, is a small family of moths, about 520 species, recognized at family rank in 2011, whose adults resemble dried leaves at rest.
Euterpe edulis
Euterpe edulis (palmito-juçara, juçara) is a solitary Atlantic Forest palm, Vulnerable (VU) from lethal palm heart extraction; its açaí-like fruit is now harvested as a sustainable alternative.
Eutheria
Eutheria (placentals, eutherian mammals) is the mammalian infraclass named by Huxley in 1880, comprising Placentalia plus extinct stem relatives; sister to Metatheria in Theria, split by 160 Ma, over 90 percent of living mammals.
Euthyneura
Euthyneura, infraclass of Heterobranchia gastropods (Spengel 1881), traditionally Opisthobranchia plus Pulmonata; molecular phylogenetics redefined it into Acteonacea, Nudipleura, and Tectipleura, with euthyneury shown convergent.
Euthynnus affinis
Euthynnus affinis, kawakawa or eastern little tuna (Cantor, 1849), an Indo-West Pacific neritic tuna of Scombridae; 18-29 degrees C, max ~100 cm, ~150,000 t/yr Indian Ocean catch, synonym Euthynnus yaito.
Euthyroid Graves orbitopathy
Euthyroid Graves orbitopathy is thyroid eye disease, an autoimmune orbital inflammation, occurring without any current or past thyroid dysfunction; it is rare, about 10% of Graves' orbitopathy.
Eutrephoceras
Eutrephoceras (Hyatt, 1894) is an extinct nautilid cephalopod genus, type species E. dekayi, with a smooth involute shell and near-central siphuncle, ranging Late Jurassic to Miocene and surviving the K/Pg extinction.
Eutropis
Eutropis (sun skinks) is a genus of about 31 Asian skink species, the Asian members of the former genus Mabuya, including E. multifasciata; Indian species arrived from Southeast Asia 5.5–17 million years ago.