6 articles
Alkalinity
Alkalinity, also called total alkalinity, is the capacity of water to neutralize acid, arising mostly from bicarbonate and carbonate ions and measured by titration with acid.
Bicarbonate
Bicarbonate (hydrogencarbonate), the ion HCO3−, is the conjugate base of carbonic acid and the main buffer of blood pH; its sodium salt is baking soda.
Carbonate
Carbonate is a polyatomic anion with the formula CO3²⁻, a carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms and carrying a −2 charge; the term also covers its salts and minerals.
Carbonic acid
Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), also called aerial acid, is a weak acid formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water; it regulates the pH of oceans and of blood.
CO2 hydration
CO2 hydration: CO2 + H2O forming bicarbonate and a proton, also called carbonic anhydrase catalysis. Spontaneously slow; carbonic anhydrases accelerate it up to a million fold, and cyanobacteria couple it to NDH-1 electron transport via ChpX and ChpY.
Lithium carbonate
Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is the lithium salt of carbonic acid, a white powder that is the main commercial form of lithium and the mood-stabilizing drug for bipolar I disorder.