5 articles
Coastal Niño
A Coastal Niño (Spanish: El Niño costero) is an episode of warm coastal waters off northern Peru and Ecuador, without the basin-wide warming of a full El Niño.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a Pacific Ocean climate pattern alternating between the warm El Niño and cool La Niña phases, driving year-to-year climate variability.
Multivariate ENSO Index
The Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) is a bimonthly index monitoring the El Niño/Southern Oscillation by combining ocean and atmosphere variables, introduced by Klaus Wolter and Michael Timlin in 1993.
Oceanic Niño Index
The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is a NOAA index identifying El Niño and La Niña episodes from sea surface temperature anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific.
Pacific Meridional Mode
The Pacific Meridional Mode is a leading ocean-atmosphere pattern in the northeastern subtropical Pacific, identified in 2004, whose warm anomalies extend from Baja California toward the equator.