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Earthquakes and seismology

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1855 Bursa earthquake

The 1855 Bursa earthquake was a sequence of destructive shocks that struck Bursa in Ottoman Anatolia in 1855, beginning with a Mw 7.1 mainshock on 28 February.

1855 Tokyo earthquake

The 1855 Tokyo earthquake, known in Japanese as the Ansei Edo earthquake (安政江戸地震), struck the shogun's capital of Edo on 11 November 1855, killing about 7,000 to 10,000 people.

1856 Crete earthquake

The 1856 Crete earthquake was a large intermediate-depth earthquake north of Crete on 12 October 1856 that destroyed thousands of buildings and killed more than 600 people.

1857 Calabria earthquake

The 1857 Calabria earthquake, also called the Great Neapolitan earthquake, struck southern Italy on 16 December 1857 with magnitude near 7.0, killing about 10,000 people.

1859 Erzurum earthquake

The 1859 Erzurum earthquake struck Erzurum, in the Ottoman Empire, on 2 June 1859, destroying much of the city; death tolls range from about 920 to 15,000.

186 BC Gansu earthquake

The 186 BC Gansu earthquake was a mountain collapse in Han-era Wudu, China, killing 760 people, the earliest Chinese earthquake with a recorded death toll.

1861 Lagundi earthquake

The 1861 Lagundi earthquake was a great megathrust earthquake off the west coast of Sumatra on 16 February 1861, generating a tsunami that killed 1,105 people and destroyed a Dutch fort on Nias.

1861 Mendoza earthquake

The 1861 Mendoza earthquake, a magnitude 7 shock on 20 March 1861, almost completely destroyed Mendoza in western Argentina and killed thousands, prompting the capital's relocation.

1861 Sw. Sumatra earthquake

The 1861 Sw. Sumatra earthquake was a magnitude 8.5 megathrust earthquake that struck western Sumatra on 16 February 1861, rupturing the Nias segment and producing a destructive tsunami that killed several thousand people.

1862 Tainan earthquake

The 1862 Tainan earthquake struck southwestern Taiwan on June 7, 1862, during the Qing dynasty, damaging Tainan, Chiayi, and Changhua and killing several hundred to several thousand people.

1863 Manila earthquake

The 1863 Manila earthquake was a destructive magnitude 6.5 earthquake that struck Manila and Luzon on the evening of June 3, 1863, collapsing the Manila Cathedral and most Intramuros churches.

1863 Rhodes earthquake

The 1863 Rhodes earthquake was a large earthquake, estimated at magnitude 7.5, that struck Rhodes and Kos on 22 April 1863, destroying 13 villages and killing about 224 people.

1864 Manokwari earthquake

The 1864 Manokwari earthquake was a magnitude 7.8 earthquake and tsunami that struck Dore Bay and Mansinam island near Manokwari, New Guinea, killing about 250 people in May 1864.

1866 Goynuk earthquake

The 1866 Goynuk earthquake was a magnitude 7.2 earthquake that struck the Göynük Valley in eastern Anatolia on 12 May 1866, causing heavy damage and about 675 deaths.

1867 Cephalonia earthquake

The 1867 Cephalonia earthquake was a magnitude 7.4 earthquake that struck the Greek Ionian island of Cephalonia on 4 February 1867, destroying most of the town of Lixouri and killing 224 people.

1867 Chilung (Keelung) earthquake

The 1867 Chilung (Keelung) earthquake was a magnitude-7.0 offshore earthquake that struck northern Taiwan in December 1867, generating a destructive tsunami that killed hundreds of people.

1867 Izmir earthquake

The 1867 Izmir earthquake, more precisely the 7 March 1867 Lesvos earthquake, was a destructive magnitude 6.7 to 7.0 shock that destroyed most towns on Lesvos and killed hundreds.

1868 Arica earthquake

The 1868 Arica earthquake was a megathrust earthquake of magnitude around 9 that struck near Arica, then Peruvian and now Chilean, on 13 August 1868.

1868 San Pablo earthquake

The 1868 San Pablo earthquake, usually called the Ibarra earthquake (terremoto de Ibarra), struck Imbabura province in northern Ecuador on 16 August 1868, destroying Ibarra, Otavalo, and other towns and killing about 15,000 people.

1870 Batang earthquake

The 1870 Batang earthquake was a magnitude 7¼ strike-slip earthquake that struck Batang in western Sichuan, China, on 11 April 1870, killing about 2,300 people and rupturing the entire Batang fault.

1871 Quchan earthquake

The 1871 Quchan earthquake was an earthquake of about magnitude 7.1 that struck Quchan in northeastern Iran in December 1871, devastating the town and many villages.

1872 Antakya (Antioch) earthquake

The 1872 Antakya earthquake (Antioch) was a strike-slip earthquake of magnitude 7.2 that struck the Amik Basin in southern Türkiye on 3 April 1872, destroying the city.

1872 Hamada earthquake

The 1872 Hamada earthquake (浜田地震) was a magnitude 7.0 to 7.2 earthquake that struck off Hamada in present-day Shimane Prefecture, Japan, on 14 March 1872, killing 551 people and destroying over 4,500 houses.

1872 Quchan earthquake

The 1872 Quchan earthquake was a magnitude 7.0 aftershock that struck Quchan in northeastern Iran on 6 January 1872, completing the destruction begun by a larger shock on 23 December 1871.

1873 El Salvador earthquake

The 1873 El Salvador earthquake was a destructive sequence that struck San Salvador between February and March 1873, leaving only about fifteen houses standing in the capital.

1874 Antigua earthquake

The 1874 Antigua earthquake was a destructive earthquake that struck central Guatemala on the night of September 3, 1874, damaging Antigua Guatemala, Chimaltenango, and highland towns while leaving Guatemala City largely unharmed.

1875 Cucuta earthquake

The 1875 Cúcuta earthquake was a magnitude 6.8 earthquake that struck the Colombia–Venezuela border on 18 May 1875, destroying San José de Cúcuta and killing about 1,000 people.

1875 Dinar earthquake

The 1875 Dinar earthquake struck the Dinar–Çivril region of Ottoman Anatolia on May 3, 1875, killing about 1,300 people and destroying most houses in Çivril and Işıklı.

1877 Chile earthquake

The 1877 Chile earthquake was a megathrust earthquake off northern Chile on 9 May 1877, near Iquique, generating a tsunami recorded across the Pacific, from Japan to California.

1878 Venezuela earthquake

The 1878 Venezuela earthquake struck on 12 April 1878, destroying the town of Cúa south of Caracas and killing an estimated 300 to 400 people.