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2026 Oregon wildfires
The 2026 Oregon wildfires were the state's most extensive wildfire season on record, burning over 2.6 million acres by August 19, 2026, after a warm, dry winter with record-low snowpack.
2026 Pacific hurricane season
The 2026 Pacific hurricane season, running from May 15 to November 30, produced record accumulated cyclone energy driven by El Niño, with three Category 5 hurricanes.
2026 Pacific typhoon season
The 2026 Pacific typhoon season is an ongoing annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the northwest Pacific Ocean, with 29 named storms by early October 2026.
2026 Sanriku earthquake
The 2026 Sanriku earthquake was a magnitude 7.7 thrust earthquake off the Sanriku coast of northeastern Japan in April 2026, producing small tsunami waves and six injuries.
2026 Southeast Asian haze
The 2026 Southeast Asian haze is an ongoing air pollution episode caused by Indonesian forest and peatland fires that spread smoke across the region from August 2026.
2026 Spain wildfires
The 2026 Spain wildfires burned 275,209 hectares of forest land, 151 percent above the decade average, killed 21 people, and triggered Spain's first wildfire national emergency.
2026 United Kingdom heatwaves
The 2026 United Kingdom heatwaves were a series of at least five heatwave episodes during summer 2026, including a record 37-day spell and the UK's hottest summer on record.
2026 United Kingdom wildfires
The 2026 United Kingdom wildfires burned across the UK during its hottest summer on record, charring 28,299 hectares by September, the second-highest burned area on record.
2026 United States wildfires
The 2026 United States wildfires are an ongoing wildfire season running well above the 10-year average, with more than 63,000 fires and 9 million acres burned by October.
2026 Venezuela earthquakes
The 2026 Venezuela earthquakes were a magnitude 7.2 and 7.5 seismic doublet that struck northern Venezuela 39 seconds apart on 24 June 2026, killing more than 6,300 people.
2026 Washington wildfires
The 2026 Washington wildfires were a series of fires that burned over 900,000 acres in Washington State from June 14 into October 2026, the state's third-worst fire season in 20 years.
2026–2027 El Niño event
The 2026–2027 El Niño event is a very strong warming of the equatorial Pacific that developed in 2026, with sea temperatures exceeding the previous 1997 record.
2026–27 European windstorm season
The 2026–27 European windstorm season runs from 1 September 2026 to 31 August 2027, using 21 names agreed by the UK, Ireland, and the Netherlands.
2026–27 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
The 2026–27 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season runs from November 2026 to April 2027, with an official outlook of below-normal activity influenced by a strengthening El Niño.
20th Century Reanalysis
The 20th Century Reanalysis (20CR) is a NOAA global reconstruction of historical weather back to 1836, using only surface pressure observations in an ensemble weather model.
350.org
350.org is an international climate advocacy organization founded in 2008 by Bill McKibben and friends, named for the CO2 level of 350 ppm it calls the safe maximum.
365 Crete earthquake
The 365 Crete earthquake was a large undersea earthquake south of Crete on 21 July AD 365, generating a tsunami from Egypt to Dubrovnik and lifting western Crete up to 10 meters.
367 Iznik earthquake
The 367 Iznik earthquake was a late-antique earthquake recorded by contemporary chronicles, which say it destroyed Nicaea, modern İznik, Turkey, on 11 October 367 or 368.
3D photogrammetry
3D photogrammetry reconstructs three-dimensional models of terrain, structures, and objects from overlapping photographs taken from many locations, a low-cost geoscience surveying method popularized by UAVs.
3D-Var
3D-Var (three-dimensional variational data assimilation) is a method in numerical weather prediction that produces the analysis of the atmospheric state at a single time by minimizing a cost function.
4.2 kiloyear event
The 4.2 kiloyear event was an abrupt episode of aridification around 2200 BCE that brought decades-long drought from the Eastern Mediterranean and Mesopotamia to India, and defines the Meghalayan Age.
450 eruption of Ilopango
The 450 eruption of Ilopango was the Tierra Blanca Joven eruption of the Ilopango caldera in central El Salvador, a VEI 6 event precisely dated to 431 CE.
45Q tax credit
The 45Q tax credit is a United States federal tax credit, created in 2008, that pays per metric ton of carbon dioxide captured and stored, supporting carbon capture projects.
4D-Var
4D-Var (four-dimensional variational data assimilation) is a data assimilation method that adjusts a forecast model's initial conditions to best fit observations distributed in space and time, first used operationally at ECMWF in 1997.
512 Yingxian earthquake
The 512 Yingxian earthquake was a magnitude 7.5 earthquake that struck northern Shanxi, China, on 21 May 512, killing 5,310 people and the earliest documented catastrophic earthquake of the Shanxi rift system.
525 Antakya (Antioch) earthquake
The 525 Antakya (Antioch) earthquake, usually dated 29 May 526, destroyed most of Antioch, capital of Roman Syria, during the reign of Emperor Justin I, with reported deaths of 250,000 to 300,000.
528 Antakya (Antioch) earthquake
The 528 Antakya earthquake struck Antioch (modern Antakya, Turkey) on 29 November 528, toppling nearly everything rebuilt after the deadlier 526 earthquake and killing several thousand people.
533 Aleppo earthquake
The 533 Aleppo earthquake, dated 533 AH by Arabic chroniclers, is the destructive October 1138 earthquake that shattered Aleppo's walls and citadel in northern Syria, one of medieval Syria's most damaging.
551 Schisma earthquake
The 551 Schisma earthquake was a destructive shock in Boeotia, central Greece, recorded by Procopius, that killed many at Schisma and destroyed the cities of Coronea and Chaeronea.
587 Antakya (Antioch) earthquake
The 587 Antakya (Antioch) earthquake destroyed most of the Byzantine city of Antioch (modern Antakya, Turkey) on a night in late October, killing about 60,000 people.