6,052 articles
American National Election Studies
The American National Election Studies (ANES) is a federally funded academic survey program that has collected data on voting behavior and public opinion in United States national elections since 1948.
American Statistical Association
The American Statistical Association is a professional society for statisticians and data scientists, founded in Boston in 1839 with more than 15,000 members in over 90 countries.
Amicable numbers
Amicable numbers, or amicable pairs, are two numbers each equal to the sum of the other's proper divisors; the smallest pair, 220 and 284, was known to Thābit ibn Qurra in the ninth century.
Amit Singer
Amit Singer is an applied mathematician at Princeton University known for the eigenvector and semidefinite-programming methods that recover molecular structures from noisy cryo-electron microscopy images.
Amorphous set
An amorphous set is an infinite set that cannot be partitioned into two disjoint infinite subsets; such sets can exist only in Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice.
AMOS (software)
IBM SPSS Amos (Analysis of Moment Structures) is a commercial software package for structural equation modeling, developed by James L. Arbuckle and sold by IBM.
Ample line bundle
An ample line bundle is a line bundle whose some positive tensor power is very ample, embedding the variety in projective space; it is the standard algebraic positivity notion.
An Essay Towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances
An Essay Towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances is Thomas Bayes's 1763 paper on inverse probability, published posthumously and communicated by Richard Price.
Anabelian geometry
Anabelian geometry, also known as the anabelian conjecture, is a branch of arithmetic geometry, proposed by Alexander Grothendieck in 1983, that reconstructs geometric objects from their fundamental groups.
Analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics that studies functions and their generalizations by the method of limits, encompassing calculus, differential equations, and real and complex function theory.
Analysis of covariance
Analysis of covariance, or ANCOVA, is a statistical method that combines analysis of variance with regression, comparing group means while adjusting for a covariate, introduced by R. A. Fisher in 1932.
Analysis of means
The analysis of means (ANOM) is a graphical statistical procedure comparing group means, rates, or proportions against their overall value, introduced by Ellis Ott in 1967 for quality control.
Analysis of variance
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a statistical method that tests whether the means of two or more groups are equal by partitioning and comparing variances.
Analytic capacity
Analytic capacity is a set function introduced by Lars Ahlfors in 1947 that measures how compact sets obstruct bounded analytic functions; it vanishes exactly on removable sets.
Analytic Combinatorics
Analytic combinatorics is a branch of mathematics that predicts properties of large combinatorial structures via generating functions, complex analysis, and asymptotics; it was named by Robert Sedgewick in the mid-1990s.
Analytic continuation
Analytic continuation is a complex analysis technique for extending a holomorphic function from a small region, such as a power series' disk of convergence, to a larger domain, uniquely when it exists.
Analytic function
An analytic function is a function representable locally by a convergent power series. In complex analysis, analytic means the same thing as holomorphic, or complex differentiable.
Analytic geometry
Analytic geometry, also called coordinate geometry, studies geometric objects by representing points with coordinates and curves with algebraic equations; it was created by Fermat and Descartes in the 1630s.
Analytic number theory
Analytic number theory is the branch of mathematics that applies real, complex, and harmonic analysis to problems about the integers, above all the distribution of prime numbers.
Analytic proof
An analytic proof is a proof in which only subformulas of the statement being proved appear, obtained via Gentzen's 1935 cut-elimination theorem, central to proof theory.
Analytic set
An analytic set is a subset of a Polish space that is the continuous image of a Polish space, or equivalently the projection of a Borel set.
Analytic signal
The analytic signal is a complex-valued function of time whose Fourier transform vanishes at negative frequencies, introduced by Dennis Gabor in 1946 and formed using the Hilbert transform.
Analytic space
An analytic space is a geometric object built from common zero sets of holomorphic functions, generalizing analytic manifolds by allowing singular points and serving as the basic object of complex analytic geometry.
Analytical hierarchy
The analytical hierarchy is a classification of relations on natural numbers by the function quantifiers needed to define them, the second-order counterpart of the arithmetical hierarchy, developed by Stephen Cole Kleene in 1955.
Analytical method validation
Analytical method validation is the process of demonstrating, with objective evidence, that an analytical procedure is fit for its intended purpose, governed by ICH Q2(R2) and Q14 since 2023.
Anasazi (software)
Anasazi is an extensible, interoperable framework for large-scale eigenvalue algorithms developed as a package within the Trilinos project, providing iterative solvers including block Davidson, LOBPCG, and Block Krylov-Schur.
Anatoly Fomenko (Анатолий Тимофеевич Фоменко)
Anatoly Timofeevich Fomenko, born 1945 in Donetsk, is a Russian mathematician and Russian Academy of Sciences member known for Hamiltonian topology and the rejected New Chronology theory.
Anderson–Darling test
The Anderson–Darling test is a statistical goodness-of-fit test, developed in 1952, that checks whether data follow a hypothesized distribution, weighting discrepancies in the tails most heavily.
Andreas Georgiou (Ανδρέας Γεωργίου)
Andreas Georgiou (Ανδρέας Γεωργίου) is a Greek economist who, as head of ELSTAT from 2010 to 2015, corrected Greece's deficit figures and later faced prosecution for it.
Angle
An angle, also called a plane angle, is the figure formed by two lines or rays sharing a common endpoint, measured in radians or degrees.