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Physicists and astronomers

3,698 articles

Hermann Bondi

Hermann Bondi (1919–2005) was an Austrian-born British mathematician and cosmologist who, with Fred Hoyle and Thomas Gold, formulated the steady-state theory of the universe in 1948 and made lasting contributions to general relativity.

Hermann Carl Vogel

Hermann Carl Vogel (1841–1907) was a German astronomer who pioneered the photographic measurement of stellar radial velocities and discovered the spectroscopic binary stars Algol and Spica.

Hermann E. Gaub

Hermann E. Gaub is a German biophysicist who held the Applied Physics chair at LMU Munich from 1995 to 2022 and pioneered single-molecule force spectroscopy and molecular motors.

Hermann Georg Grimmeiss

Hermann Georg Grimmeiss (born 19 August 1930) was a Swedish semiconductor physicist who led Philips research on efficient gallium phosphide LEDs and became the first professor of solid state physics at Lund.

Hermann Haken

Hermann Haken (1927–2024) was a German theoretical physicist at the University of Stuttgart who formulated the quantum theory of the laser and founded synergetics, the theory of self-organization.

Hermann Nicolai

Hermann Nicolai, born 1952, is a German theoretical physicist known for maximal supergravity and the hidden symmetry E10, and director emeritus at the Albert Einstein Institute in Potsdam.

Hermann Oberth

Hermann Oberth was a physicist and rocketry pioneer whose 1923 book Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen founded astronautics; he later worked with Wernher von Braun.

Hermann Struve

Hermann Struve, also known as Karl Hermann Struve, was a Russian-born astronomer of the Struve dynasty who directed the Berlin-Babelsberg Observatory and transformed the study of Saturn's satellites and rings.

Hermann Träuble

Hermann Träuble (1932–1976) was a German physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research who, with Uwe Essmann, first photographed the Abrikosov vortex lattice in 1967.

Hermann von Helmholtz

Hermann von Helmholtz (Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, 1821–1894) was a German physician, physiologist, and physicist who formulated the conservation of energy, invented the ophthalmoscope, and founded the mathematical theory of vortex motion.

Hernan Makse

Hernán A. Makse is a statistical physicist, Distinguished Professor at the City College of New York, known for his 2008 Nature phase diagram of jammed matter.

Hernán Míguez

Hernán Míguez, born in Buenos Aires in 1971, is a CSIC research professor in Seville who works on photonic crystals and optical materials for solar energy.

Herre van der Zant

Herre van der Zant (born 1963) is a Dutch experimental physicist and full professor at Delft University of Technology, working on molecular electronics and nanomechanics of atomically thin materials.

Herschel Rabitz

Herschel Rabitz is a chemical physicist at Princeton University, a professor of chemistry since 1971, known for inventing the learning-algorithm approach to coherent control of quantum phenomena.

Hertha Wambacher

Hertha Wambacher (1903–1950) was an Austrian physicist at the Vienna Radium Institute who, as Marietta Blau's collaborator, co-discovered cosmic-ray disintegration stars in 1937 and shared the 1937 Lieben Prize.

Herwig Kogelnik

Herwig Kogelnik, born 1932 in Graz, Austria, is a physicist and electrical engineer known for coupled wave theory, stable optical resonators, and the distributed feedback laser at Bell Laboratories.

Hideki Yukawa

Hideki Yukawa (湯川秀樹, 1907–1981) was a Japanese theoretical physicist at Kyoto University who predicted the meson in 1934, winning the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Hidenori Takagi

Hidenori Takagi (高木英典, born 1961 in Tokyo) is a Japanese condensed matter physicist known for cuprate superconductivity, spin-orbit Mott physics, and Kitaev quantum spin liquids.

Hideo Aoki

Hideo Aoki (青木 秀夫) is a Japanese condensed-matter theorist and emeritus professor at the University of Tokyo, known for predicting the Floquet topological insulator in graphene in 2009.

Hideo Hosono

Hideo Hosono (細野秀雄, born 1953) is a Japanese materials scientist at Tokyo Institute of Technology known for discovering iron-based superconductors and inventing the IGZO semiconductor used in flat-panel displays.

Hideo Takezoe

Hideo Takezoe (竹添 秀男) is a Japanese liquid-crystal physicist and Professor Emeritus at Tokyo Institute of Technology, known for work on antiferroelectric and bent-core liquid crystals and liquid-crystal photonics.

Hidetoshi Katori

Hidetoshi Katori (香取秀俊, born 1964) is a Japanese physicist at the University of Tokyo who invented the optical lattice clock, accurate to one second in 30 billion years.

Hilda Hänchen

Hilda Hänchen was a German physicist at Hamburg's National Physical Institute who co-discovered the Goos–Hänchen effect, the lateral shift of light under total internal reflection, in 1947.

Hilding Faxén

Hilding Faxén (Olov Hilding Faxén) was a Swedish physicist known for the Faxén correction and Faxén's theorem, which describe the drag on a sphere in slowly varying viscous flow.

Hipparchus (Ἵππαρχος)

Hipparchus (Ἵππαρχος) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician born at Nicaea in Bithynia who discovered the precession of the equinoxes and is credited with the first known star catalog.

Hiroki Ago

Hiroki Ago (吾郷浩樹) is a Japanese physicist and materials scientist at Kyushu University known for CVD growth of graphene and hBN and for leading Japan's 2.5D materials program.

Hiroshi Amano

Hiroshi Amano (天野浩), born in 1960 in Hamamatsu, Japan, is a Japanese materials scientist who shared the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physics for inventing efficient blue LEDs.

Hiroshi Okamoto

Hiroshi Okamoto (岡本 博) is a Japanese condensed matter physicist and professor at the University of Tokyo known for photoinduced phase transitions studied with femtosecond and terahertz spectroscopy.

Hirosi Ooguri (大栗博司)

Hirosi Ooguri (大栗博司), born 1962, is a Japanese theoretical physicist, the Fred Kavli Professor at Caltech, known for the OSV conjecture relating black hole entropy to topological string theory.

Hiroyuki Sakaki

Hiroyuki Sakaki (榊裕之), born 1944, is a Japanese semiconductor physicist who conceived the quantum wire and quantum dot and is Professor Emeritus of the University of Tokyo.