edgepedia

Physicists and astronomers

3,698 articles

Monica Grady

Monica Grady, born 1958, is a British space scientist who studies carbon in meteorites and comets, and was Professor of Planetary and Space Sciences at the Open University.

Monica Olvera de la Cruz

Mónica Olvera de la Cruz is a Mexican-born theoretical physicist at Northwestern University who models soft materials and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2012.

Monika Auweter-Kurtz

Monika Auweter-Kurtz is a German plasma physicist and aerospace engineer known for electric propulsion and plasma wind tunnels for re-entry heat shields, elected to the US National Academy of Engineering in 2009.

Moo-Young Han

Moo-Young Han (1934–2016) was a Korean-born American theoretical physicist who taught at Duke for 44 years and, with Yoichiro Nambu, proposed the three-triplet quark model whose SU(3) symmetry became the color charge of quantum chromodynamics.

Mordechai Segev

Mordechai (Moti) Segev is an Israeli physicist and distinguished professor at the Technion in Haifa, credited with founding topological photonics, Anderson localization of light, and photorefractive solitons.

Morgan W. Mitchell

Morgan W. Mitchell (born 1968) is an American physicist and ICREA Professor at the Institute of Photonic Sciences in Barcelona, known for quantum metrology beyond the standard quantum limit.

Morikazu Toda

Morikazu Toda (盛和) was a Japanese physicist in statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics, born in 1917 and died in 2010, best known for discovering the Toda lattice, a model of completely integrable systems.

Morrel H. Cohen

Morrel H. Cohen (born 1927) is an American condensed matter physicist known for the free-volume theory of the glass transition and a 1969 band model of amorphous semiconductors.

Morton S. Roberts

Morton S. Roberts (Morton Spitz Roberts, 1926–2024) was an American radio astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory whose galaxy rotation measurements gave early evidence for dark matter.

Moses H. W. Chan

Moses H. W. Chan, also published as M. H. W. Chan, is an American condensed matter physicist at Penn State known for 2004 supersolidity experiments in helium-4 that he later disproved.

Moti Heiblum

Moti Heiblum is an Israeli experimental physicist at the Weizmann Institute of Science, known for shot-noise measurements of fractional quasiparticle charge in the quantum Hall regime.

Motohide Tamura

Motohide Tamura (田村 元秀), born 1959 in Nara Prefecture, is a Japanese astronomer who led the Subaru SEEDS direct-imaging exoplanet survey and the 1998 brown dwarf study in Science.

Mstislav Gnevyshev

Mstislav Nikolaevich Gnevyshev (Мстислав Николаевич Гневышев, 1914–1992) was a Soviet astronomer at Pulkovo Observatory known for the Gnevyshev–Ohl rule, the Gnevyshev gap, and the Gnevyshev–Waldmeier rule.

Mujaddid Ahmad Ijaz

Mujaddid Ahmad Ijaz (1937–1992) was a Pakistani experimental nuclear physicist, a Virginia Tech physics professor from 1964 to 1991 and Oak Ridge National Laboratory collaborator.

Murray Gell-Mann

Murray Gell-Mann (1929–2019) was an American theoretical physicist who won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physics for classifying subatomic particles, coined the word "quark", and co-founded the Santa Fe Institute.

Mykola Pylchykov

Mykola Pylchykov (Микола Пильчиков, 1857–1908) was a Ukrainian experimental physicist known for the improved Pulyui X-ray tube and an 1898 public demonstration of radio control.

Myriam Sarachik

Myriam Sarachik (1933–2021) was an American experimental condensed-matter physicist at the City College of New York, known for confirming the Kondo effect and pioneering studies of molecular nanomagnets.

Myron Mathisson

Myron Mathisson (1897–1940) was a Polish physicist who derived the Mathisson–Papapetrou equations for spinning bodies in general relativity and proved a special case of Hadamard's conjecture.

N. Peter Armitage

N. Peter Armitage, also published as N. P. Armitage, is a professor of physics and astronomy at Johns Hopkins University known for terahertz spectroscopy of quantum materials.

Nader Engheta

Nader Engheta is an Iranian-American electrical engineer and physicist, the H. Nedwill Ramsey Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, and a pioneer of metamaterials, optical nanocircuits, and near-zero-index optics.

Nadya Mason

Nadya Mason is an American experimental condensed matter physicist studying quantum materials, superconductivity, and nanoscale systems; she is dean of the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering.

Nai Phuan Ong

Nai Phuan Ong is an American condensed matter physicist, the Eugene Higgins Professor at Princeton University, known for cuprate superconductor research and evidence of the chiral anomaly.

Nail Akhmediev

Nail Akhmediev (Наил Ахмедиев) is a physicist and Emeritus Professor in theoretical nonlinear optics at the Australian National University, known for Akhmediev breathers, rogue-wave theory, and dissipative solitons.

Nam-Joon Cho

Nam-Joon Cho is a materials scientist and bioengineer at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, known for QCM-D studies of lipid membranes and membrane-targeting antiviral peptides against Zika virus.

Naomi J. Halas

Naomi J. Halas, also known as Naomi Halas, is an American scientist and engineer at Rice University who pioneered plasmonics and invented the tunable plasmon and nanoshell nanoparticles.

Naoto Nagaosa

Naoto Nagaosa is a Japanese theoretical condensed matter physicist, a University of Tokyo professor and RIKEN group director known for the theory of magnetic skyrmions.

Narinder Singh Kapany (ਨਰਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਕਪਾਨੀ)

Narinder Singh Kapany, also known as Narinder Kapany, was an Indian-American physicist known as the father of fiber optics who demonstrated image transmission through fiber bundles in 1954.

Nasser Peyghambarian

Nasser Peyghambarian is an optical scientist at the University of Arizona known for photorefractive polymers, updatable holographic 3-D telepresence displays, and fiber lasers, elected a National Academy of Inventors Fellow in 2016.

Natasha Hurley-Walker

Natasha Hurley-Walker is an Australian radio astrophysicist at the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, who discovered the long-period radio transients and led the GLEAM survey.

Nathalie A. Cabrol

Nathalie A. Cabrol, born 1963, is a French American astrobiologist who directs the Carl Sagan Center at the SETI Institute and studies impact crater lakes on Mars as candidate habitats.