10,219 articles
Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge
Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge, also known as Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, was a German chemist who first isolated caffeine from coffee beans and identified key coal-tar compounds including aniline and phenol.
Friedrich Bergius
Friedrich Bergius was a German chemist who invented high-pressure coal hydrogenation, the Bergius process for synthetic liquid fuel, and shared the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Carl Bosch.
Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels
Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels (1865–1913) was a German physicist who described the Pockels effect, the electric-field change of refractive index, in an 1893 monograph; brother of Agnes Pockels.
Friedrich Dessauer
Friedrich Dessauer (1881–1963) was a German physicist, radiologist, and Reichstag politician who pioneered radiation therapy, founded medical physics in Germany, and wrote a Catholic philosophy of technology.
Friedrich Emich
Friedrich Emich (1860–1940) was an Austrian chemist at the Technische Hochschule in Graz who founded quantitative inorganic microanalysis; Fritz Pregl credited him as the true founder of microchemistry.
Friedrich Engel (mathematician)
Friedrich Engel (1861–1941) was a German mathematician, born in Lugau, Saxony, known for Engel's theorem on nilpotent Lie algebras and for co-writing Sophus Lie's three-volume Theorie der Transformationsgruppen.
Friedrich Ernst Dorn
Friedrich Ernst Dorn (1848–1916) was a German physicist who held the physics chair at the University of Halle and is credited with discovering radon in 1900.
Friedrich Goppelsroeder
Friedrich Goppelsroeder (Christoph Friedrich Goppelsroeder; 1837–1919) was a Swiss chemist who developed capillary analysis, separating dissolved dyes by their rise through filter paper, a precursor of paper chromatography.
Friedrich Hartogs
Friedrich (Fritz) Moritz Hartogs was a German mathematician at the University of Munich, regarded as the founder of several complex variables; his 1906 extension theorem shows holomorphic functions of several complex variables cannot have isolated singularities.
Friedrich Hermann Busse
Friedrich Hermann Busse (born 1936) is a German physicist known for work on rotating convection, dynamo theory, and the geodynamo model called the Busse balloon.
Friedrich Hirzebruch
Friedrich Hirzebruch (1927–2012) was a German mathematician in topology and algebraic geometry, known for the signature and Hirzebruch–Riemann–Roch theorems and for founding the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in Bonn.
Friedrich Hund
Friedrich Hund (1896–1997) was a German theoretical physicist who formulated Hund's rules for electron configurations, developed molecular orbital theory alongside Robert Mulliken, and discovered the quantum tunnel effect.
Friedrich Johann Karl Becke
Friedrich Johann Karl Becke was an Austrian mineralogist and petrograph, professor at Vienna, whose Becke line method for comparing mineral refractive indices is still used today.
Friedrich Kohlrausch (physicist)
Friedrich Wilhelm Georg Kohlrausch (1840–1910) was a German physicist who precisely measured the electrical conductivity of electrolytes and formulated the law of independent ionic migration in 1876.
Friedrich Krafft
Friedrich Krafft (1852–1923) was a German chemist who studied under Kekulé and taught at Heidelberg; he is known for the Krafft point of surfactants and the Krafft degradation.
Friedrich Kremer
Friedrich Kremer is a German physicist and professor of molecular physics at Universität Leipzig from 1993 to 2015, known for broadband dielectric spectroscopy of polymers and soft matter.
Friedrich Paneth
Friedrich Adolf Paneth (1887–1958) was an Austrian-born British chemist who, with George de Hevesy, introduced radioactive tracer techniques in 1913 and later pioneered free radical detection and helium dating of meteorites.
Friedrich Paschen
Friedrich Paschen (Louis Carl Heinrich Friedrich Paschen, 1865–1947) was a German physicist who discovered the Paschen series, formulated Paschen's law, and led the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt from 1924 to 1933.
Friedrich Prym
Friedrich Prym was a German mathematician who held the Chair of Mathematics at Würzburg from 1869 to 1909 and is remembered for the Prym formula and Prym variety.
Friedrich Robert Helmert
Friedrich Robert Helmert (1843–1917) was a German geodesist who founded modern geodesy as a unified discipline, led the Prussian Geodetic Institute, and wrote the standard geodesy treatise of 1880 and 1884.
Friedrich Schmidt (geologist)
Friedrich Schmidt, also known as Carl Friedrich Schmidt or Fyodor Bogdanovich Schmidt, was a Baltic German geologist and paleontologist considered the founder of Estonian geology.
Friedrich Schottky
Friedrich Hermann Schottky (1851–1935) was a German mathematician who worked on Abelian and automorphic functions, known for Schottky groups, Schottky's theorem, and the Schottky problem of characterizing Jacobian varieties.
Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander
Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander (1799–1875) was a German astronomer and director of the Bonn Observatory, best known for the Bonner Durchmusterung, a survey of 324,198 stars.
Friedrich Wilhelm Levi
Friedrich Wilhelm Levi (1888–1966) was a German mathematician known as a founder of infinite abelian group theory; driven from Leipzig by the Nazis, he rebuilt his career in Calcutta.
Friedrich Wöhler
Friedrich Wöhler (1800–1882) was a German chemist and professor at the University of Göttingen, known for his 1828 synthesis of urea from ammonium cyanate and for isolating aluminum, beryllium, and yttrium.
Frigyes Riesz
Frigyes Riesz (Frédéric Riesz, 1880–1956) was a Hungarian mathematician and founder of functional analysis, known for the Riesz–Fischer theorem, the Riesz representation theorem, and the theory of subharmonic functions.
Frits Zernike
Frits Zernike (1888–1966) was a Dutch physicist at the University of Groningen who won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physics for the phase contrast microscope.
Fritz Arndt
Fritz Arndt (1885–1969) was a German chemist known for the Arndt–Eistert synthesis of carboxylic acids and as a pioneer of resonance theory, teaching for over twenty years in Istanbul.
Fritz Carlson
Fritz David Carlson (1888–1952) was a Swedish mathematician known for Carlson's theorem, Carlson's inequality, and the Carlson–Pólya theorem, and professor at Stockholms högskola from 1927.
Fritz Feigl
Fritz Feigl (1891–1971) was an Austrian-born Brazilian analytical chemist who founded spot-test analysis, detecting substances in a single drop, after fleeing Nazi Austria in 1938.