edgepedia

Physical and mathematical scientists

10,219 articles

George Davidson (geodesist)

George Davidson (1825–1911) was an English-born American geodesist, astronomer, and geographer who spent fifty years with the United States Coast Survey mapping the Pacific Coast, then taught geography at Berkeley.

George de Hevesy

George de Hevesy (Georg von Hevesy; Hungarian Hevesy György; 1885–1966) was a Hungarian radiochemist who invented the radioactive tracer method, winning the 1943 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and co-discovering hafnium.

George Deacon

Sir George Edward Raven Deacon (1906–1984) was a British oceanographer who systematized the Southern Ocean's circulation and founded the United Kingdom's first national institute of oceanography.

George E. Kimball

George E. Kimball (1906–1967) was an American quantum chemist and Columbia professor who became a founder of operations research, co-authoring Methods of Operations Research and winning the Navy's Presidential Citation of Merit.

George E. P. Box

George E. P. Box (1919–2013) was a British statistician known for the Box–Jenkins method, Box–Cox transformations, and the phrase "all models are wrong, but some are useful."

George E. Smith

George E. Smith (1930–2025) was an American physicist at Bell Laboratories who co-invented the charge-coupled device, the sensor of digital cameras, and won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics.

George Edward Backus

George Edward Backus, born 1930 in Chicago, is an American geophysicist at Scripps Institution of Oceanography known for the Backus–Gilbert inversion method and dynamo theory of Earth's magnetic field.

George Efstathiou

George Efstathiou is a Cambridge astrophysicist, one of the architects of the standard Lambda cold dark matter model of cosmology, honored with the 2022 RAS Gold Medal.

George Ellery Hale

George Ellery Hale (1868–1938) was an American astronomer who invented the spectroheliograph, discovered magnetic fields in sunspots in 1908, built the Yerkes, Mount Wilson, and Palomar observatories, and founded Caltech.

George F. Carrier

George F. Carrier (1918–2002) was an American applied mathematician and engineer at Brown and Harvard, known for work on fluid mechanics, combustion, and tsunami run-up theory.

George F. Pinder

George F. Pinder is an American and Canadian environmental engineer and hydrogeologist at the University of Vermont known for applying numerical mathematics on digital computers to groundwater contamination and supply.

George F. R. Ellis

George F. R. Ellis, or George Francis Rayner Ellis, is a South African cosmologist at the University of Cape Town known for general relativity and criticizing multiverse proposals.

George Feher

George Feher (1924–2017) was a Czechoslovak-born American physicist, a founding professor of physics at UC San Diego who invented ENDOR spectroscopy and applied it to bacterial photosynthesis, winning the Wolf Prize.

George Ferdinand Becker

George Ferdinand Becker (1847–1919) was an American geologist and geophysicist with the US Geological Survey, known for the Comstock Lode and quicksilver monographs and for early mathematical work on rock deformation.

George FitzGerald (Irish physicist)

George Francis FitzGerald was an Irish physicist at Trinity College Dublin who proposed in 1889 that moving bodies contract, and who led the group that established Maxwell's electromagnetic theory.

George Floudas

George Floudas (Γεώργιος Φλούδας) is a Greek polymer and soft-matter physicist, professor at the University of Ioannina and senior visiting scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research.

George Flynn

George W. Flynn (1938–2020) was an American physical chemist at Columbia University known for laser studies of molecular energy flow and pioneering scanning tunneling microscopy of graphene.

George Frederick Barker

George Frederick Barker (1835–1910) was an American physicist and spectroscopist, professor of physics at the University of Pennsylvania from 1872 to 1900, who tested Edison's electric lamp.

George Frederick James Temple

George Frederick James Temple (1901–1992) was a British applied mathematician who rose from insurance clerk to Oxford's Sedleian Professor and ended life as a Benedictine priest.

George Fytas

George Fytas (Γεώργιος Φυτάς) is a Greek physical chemist who studies hypersonic phonons in polymers and colloids, professor at the University of Crete until 2016.

George G. Lorentz

George G. Lorentz (1910–2006) was a Russian-born American mathematician and a founder of modern approximation theory, known for the function spaces called Lorentz spaces and books like Approximation of Functions.

George Gamow (Георгий Антонович Гамов)

George Gamow (Георгий Антонович Гамов), 1904 to 1968, was a Russian-born American theoretical physicist who explained alpha decay, initiated Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and popularized science.

George Gasper

George Gasper, born 1939, is an American mathematician and Northwestern University professor emeritus known for the Askey–Gasper inequality and the standard reference book Basic Hypergeometric Series, written with Mizan Rahman.

George Gloeckler

George Gloeckler, born 1937 in Odessa, Ukraine, is an American space physicist at the University of Maryland who discovered interstellar pickup ions and designed instruments for Ulysses and ACE.

George H. Denton

George H. Denton (born 1939) is an American glacial geologist at the University of Maine known for dating glacier chronologies in New Zealand, South America, and Antarctica.

George H. Markstein

George H. Markstein (1911–2011) was a combustion scientist at Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory in Buffalo who showed that a flame's burning velocity depends on stretch, giving the Markstein length and number, standard parameters in flame theory.

George H. Trilling

George H. Trilling (1930–2020) was an American experimental particle physicist at UC Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, known for strange-particle work and the SLAC–LBL discovery of the J/ψ particle and tau lepton.

George Hammell Cook

George Hammell Cook (1818–1889) was an American geologist and chemist at Rutgers College who served as State Geologist of New Jersey from 1864 until his death.

George Helffrich

George Helffrich is a seismologist who studies the Earth's deep interior, known for Nature papers on outer-core stratification and inner-core anisotropy, most recently at the Earth-Life Science Institute in Tokyo.

George Herbig

George Herbig (1920–2013) was an American astronomer, regarded as the father of star-formation studies, who spent over seventy years studying how stars are born at Lick Observatory and in Hawaii.