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Physical and mathematical scientists

10,219 articles

Gerd Leuchs

Gerd Leuchs (born 1950) is a German experimental physicist in quantum optics and the founding director of the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light in Erlangen.

Gerd Schön

Gerd Schön was a German theoretical physicist who worked on superconductivity, Josephson junctions, and superconducting qubits, holding the Karlsruhe chair from 1991 until his death in 2024.

Gerhard C. Hegerfeldt

Gerhard C. Hegerfeldt is a theoretical physicist at the University of Göttingen best known for his 1974 theorem showing that strictly localized particles immediately develop probability tails arbitrarily far away.

Gerhard Dorda

Gerhard Dorda (1932–2025) was a German physicist who researched silicon MOS devices at Siemens in Munich and co-authored the 1980 paper reporting the quantum Hall effect.

Gerhard Erker

Gerhard Erker (born 1946) is a German organic and organometallic chemist, a long-time professor at the University of Münster known for frustrated Lewis pair chemistry, the metal-free activation of dihydrogen.

Gerhard Ertl

Gerhard Ertl, born 1936, is a German physical chemist at the Fritz Haber Institute in Berlin who won the 2007 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for surface chemistry.

Gerhard Grüß

Gerhard Christian Grüß (1902–1950) was a German mathematician who worked in differential geometry and the calculus of variations, and is known for the Grüss inequality of 1935.

Gerhard Herzberg

Gerhard Herzberg was a German-Canadian physical chemist at the National Research Council of Canada who won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on free radicals.

Gerhard Hessenberg

Gerhard Hessenberg was a German mathematician who proved in 1905 that Pappus' theorem implies Desargues' theorem, and introduced the natural sum of ordinals in set theory.

Gerhard Hochschild

Gerhard Hochschild (1915–2010) was a German-American mathematician who created Hochschild cohomology, did foundational work on Lie and algebraic groups, and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1979.

Gerhard L. Closs

Gerhard L. Closs, born Gerhard Ludwig Closs, was a German-born American physical organic chemist at the University of Chicago known for carbene chemistry and the radical-pair interpretation of CIDNP.

Gerhard Rempe

Gerhard Rempe, born 1956 in Bottrop, is a German physicist who pioneered cavity quantum electrodynamics with single atoms and led the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics from 1999.

Gerhard Ringel

Gerhard Ringel (October 28, 1919 – 2008) was an Austrian-born mathematician at UC Santa Cruz, a leader in graph theory best known for proving the Heawood map-coloring conjecture with Youngs in 1968.

Gerhard Stock

Gerhard Stock (born 1962) is a German theoretical physicist who holds the Chair of Theoretical Physics at the University of Freiburg and leads its Biomolecular Dynamics group.

Gerhard Thomsen

Gerhard Thomsen (1899–1934) was a German differential geometer, born in Hamburg and professor at Rostock, known for the (9₃) configuration named after him and a noted 1933 lecture on mathematics under the Nazi regime.

Gerhard Wegner

Gerhard Wegner, born 1940, is a German polymer chemist known for the "hairy-rod" macromolecule design and for founding the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research.

Gerhart Friedlander

Gerhart Friedlander, born Gerhart Friedländer, was a German-born American nuclear chemist, a Manhattan Project veteran at Los Alamos who later chaired the Chemistry Department at Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Gerhart Lüders

Gerhart Lüders (1920–1995) was a German theoretical physicist who proved in 1954, and developed with Bruno Zumino in 1957, the CPT theorem, earning the 1966 Max Planck Medal.

Gernot Frenking

Gernot Frenking is a theoretical chemist and professor emeritus at Philipps University of Marburg, known for energy decomposition analysis and bonding studies of unusual molecules.

Gerold Schwarzenbach

Gerold Schwarzenbach (1904–1978) was a Swiss chemist, professor at the University of Zürich and then ETH Zürich, who founded complexometric EDTA titration and defined the chelate effect.

Gerold Wefer

Gerold Wefer, born 1944, is a German marine geologist and paleoceanographer who became professor at the University of Bremen in 1985, founded MARUM, and won the 2001 Communicator-Preis.

Gerrit J. Brakenhoff

Gerrit J. Brakenhoff is a Dutch microscope developer at the University of Amsterdam whose group built confocal microscopes and demonstrated Betzig's super-resolution proposal in 1998.

Gerrit Lohmann

Gerrit Lohmann (born 1965 in Göttingen) is a German paleoclimate scientist at the Alfred Wegener Institute and Professor of Physics of the Climate System at the University of Bremen.

Gersh Budker

Gersh Budker (Герш Ицкович Будкер, 1918–1977) was a Soviet accelerator physicist who first realized colliding beams, proposed electron cooling, and founded the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk.

Gershom Martin

Gershom Martin, who publishes as Jan M. L. Martin, is a Belgian-born computational quantum chemist and professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science, known for the Wn thermochemistry methods.

Gershon Kurizki

Gershon Kurizki, born 1952, is an Israeli theoretical quantum physicist at the Weizmann Institute of Science, known for identifying the anti-Zeno effect and proposing minimal quantum heat machines.

Gertrude Mary Cox

Gertrude Mary Cox (1900–1978) was an American statistician known for experimental design and for building one of the first university statistics programs in the United States.

Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber

Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber (1911–1998) was a German-born American nuclear physicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory who made the first direct observation that spontaneous fission emits neutrons.

Géza Freud

Géza Freud was a Hungarian mathematician at the Mathematical Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, known for Freud weights, the Freud equations, and Freud's conjecture.

Gheorghe Călugăreanu

Gheorghe Călugăreanu (1902–1976) was a Romanian mathematician at the University of Cluj who introduced the Călugăreanu invariant in knot theory and, with Dimitrie Pompeiu, co-founded generalized analytic functions.