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Physical and mathematical scientists

10,219 articles

Ernest William Hobson

Ernest William Hobson (1856–1933) was a British mathematician who held the Sadleirian Professorship at Cambridge from 1910 to 1931 and, with W. H. Young, brought Borel–Lebesgue measure theory to English readers.

Ernesto Cesàro

Ernesto Cesàro (1859–1906) was an Italian mathematician, professor of mathematical analysis at Naples from 1891, known for Cesàro summation of divergent series, the Cesàro equation, and intrinsic geometry.

Ernesto Estrada (mathematician)

Ernesto Estrada, born 1966 in Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, is a Cuban-born mathematician and network scientist known for the Estrada index and communicability, and a research professor at IFISC in Palma de Mallorca.

Ernst Abbe

Ernst Abbe was a German physicist who created the diffraction theory of microscope imaging, designed Zeiss microscopes scientifically from 1872, and gave the company to a foundation with pioneering labor rules.

Ernst Bessel Hagen

Ernst Bessel Hagen (1851–1923) was a German physicist who directed the technical department of the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt and, with Heinrich Rubens, confirmed Maxwell's theory of light.

Ernst Cloos

Ernst Cloos (1898–1974) was a German-American structural geologist who spent his career at Johns Hopkins University and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1950.

Ernst Cohen

Ernst Julius Cohen was a Dutch physical chemist, professor at Utrecht University, known for his work on the allotropy of metals and tin pest; he was murdered at Auschwitz in March 1944.

Ernst Emil Alexander Back

Ernst Emil Alexander Back (1881–1959) was a German experimental physicist at the University of Tübingen, co-discoverer of the Paschen–Back and Back–Goudsmit effects, whose spectra fed Landé's g-factor formula.

Ernst G. Straus

Ernst G. Straus (1922–1983) was a German-born American mathematician at UCLA who worked in number theory and combinatorics, assisted Einstein at Princeton, and co-authored the still-open Erdős–Straus conjecture.

Ernst Gehrcke

Ernst Gehrcke (1878–1960) was a German experimental physicist and optics specialist at the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt in Berlin, co-inventor of the Lummer–Gehrcke interferometer plate and a leading opponent of Einstein's relativity from 1911 to 1924.

Ernst Hellinger

Ernst Hellinger (1883–1950) was a German mathematician known for the Hellinger distance and, with David Hilbert, the theory of quadratic forms in infinitely many variables.

Ernst Jacobsthal

Ernst Erich Jacobsthal (1882–1965) was a German number theorist who studied under Frobenius and Schur in Berlin, gave his name to the Jacobsthal numbers and Jacobsthal's function, and spent his later career in Norway.

Ernst Leonard Lindelöf

Ernst Leonard Lindelöf (1870–1946) was a Finnish mathematician at the University of Helsinki who founded the Finnish school of function theory and named the Lindelöf hypothesis.

Ernst Meyer (Swiss physicist)

Ernst Meyer is a Swiss experimental physicist at the University of Basel who works in scanning probe microscopy and nanotribology, demonstrating superlubricity of graphene nanoribbons on gold.

Ernst Öpik

Ernst Öpik (1893–1985) was an Estonian astronomer who predicted the Oort comet cloud in 1932, 18 years before Jan Oort, and spent 1948 to 1981 at Armagh Observatory.

Ernst Otto Fischer

Ernst Otto Fischer (1918–2007) was a German inorganic chemist who shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Geoffrey Wilkinson for work on organometallic sandwich compounds.

Ernst Pascual Jordan

Ernst Pascual Jordan (1902–1980) was a German theoretical physicist in Hamburg who co-founded quantum mechanics, supplying the mathematics of matrix mechanics and launching quantum field theory.

Ernst Pringsheim (physicist)

Ernst Pringsheim (1859–1917) was a German experimental physicist who, with Otto Lummer at the Reichsanstalt, measured blackbody radiation and showed Wien's law failed, setting the stage for Planck's quantum theory.

Ernst Ruska

Ernst Ruska was a German physicist and electrical engineer who built the first electron microscope in 1931 and shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for it.

Ernst Schröder (mathematician)

Ernst Schröder (1841–1902) was a German mathematician whose three-volume Vorlesungen über die Algebra der Logik (1890–1905) gave the first abstract lattice theory and the most comprehensive calculus of relations.

Ernst Sigismund Fischer

Ernst Sigismund Fischer (1875–1954) was an Austrian-German mathematician who proved the Fischer–Riesz theorem in 1907, was professor at Erlangen and Cologne, and influenced Emmy Noether.

Ernst Späth

Ernst Späth (1886–1946) was an Austrian chemist at the University of Vienna, regarded as a founder of alkaloid chemistry, who first synthesized mescaline (1919) and nicotine (1928).

Ernst Specker

Ernst Specker (1920–2011) was a Swiss mathematician and logician who spent his career at ETH Zürich, known for the Specker sequence, the Specker theorem, and the Kochen-Specker theorem.

Ernst Steinitz

Ernst Steinitz (1871–1928) was a German mathematician born in Silesia whose 1910 paper founded abstract field theory, and who also proved the Steinitz exchange theorem.

Ernst Stückelberg

Ernst Stückelberg (Ernst Carl Gerlach Stueckelberg, 1905–1984) was a Swiss theoretical physicist at Geneva and Lausanne who, with André Petermann, discovered the renormalization group in the early 1950s.

Ernst Stueckelberg

Ernst Stueckelberg (1905–1984) was a Swiss theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to quantum field theory, including covariant perturbation theory and the first renormalization group.

Ernst Trommsdorff

Ernst Trommsdorff (1905–1996) was a German chemist at Röhm & Haas in Darmstadt who developed polymerization manufacturing processes and gave his name to the Trommsdorff effect.

Ernst Witt

Ernst Witt (1911–1991) was a German mathematician, born in Augustenburg and based at Hamburg, known for the Witt ring of quadratic forms, Witt vectors, and the Poincaré–Birkhoff–Witt theorem.

Ernst Zermelo

Ernst Zermelo (1871–1953) was a German mathematician, founder of axiomatic set theory, who first formulated the axiom of choice in 1904 and axiomatized set theory in 1908.

Ervin Kováts

Ervin Kováts (1927–2012) was a Hungarian-born chemist who proposed the Kováts retention index in 1958, the reference scale used in gas chromatography to identify volatile compounds.