42,772 articles
Phthalocyanine
Phthalocyanine is a large planar aromatic macrocycle that binds many metal ions in a central cavity, best known as the parent of intensely blue and green pigments, chiefly copper phthalocyanine, used worldwide.
Phthalocyanine Blue BN
Phthalocyanine Blue BN, also known as copper phthalocyanine, is a bright blue organic pigment, C.I. Pigment Blue 15, discovered in 1928 and used widely in printing inks, coatings, and plastics.
Phthalonitrile
Phthalonitrile (1,2-dicyanobenzene, benzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile) is an aromatic dinitrile with two adjacent cyano groups on a benzene ring, an industrial precursor to phthalocyanine pigments, fluorescent brighteners, and photographic sensitizers.
Phycocyanin
Phycocyanin is a blue pigment-protein from cyanobacteria such as Spirulina and red algae, harvesting light for photosynthesis and used as a natural blue food colorant.
Phyllite
Phyllite is a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock intermediate in grade between slate and schist, whose tiny mica crystals give its cleavage surfaces a silky sheen.
Phylloquinone
Phylloquinone, also called vitamin K1 or phytonadione, is a fat-soluble vitamin of plant origin that serves as the dietary precursor for blood clotting and bone proteins in humans.
Physical change
A physical change, also called a physical reaction, is a change in the state, form, or properties of matter that leaves chemical composition unchanged, like melting ice.
Physical chemistry
Physical chemistry, also called phys chem, is the branch of chemistry that applies physics to chemical interactions, studying how matter behaves and reactions occur on the molecular level.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (PCCP) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society of Chemistry since 1999, covering physical chemistry, chemical physics, and biophysical chemistry.
Physical climate risk
Physical climate risk is the financial risk from climate hazards such as extreme weather and sea level rise reducing the value of assets like real estate.
Physical constant
A physical constant is a quantity that appears in the basic equations of physics and is believed invariant, such as the speed of light and the Planck constant.
Physical cosmology
Physical cosmology, also called cosmophysics, is the branch of physics and astronomy that studies the origin, composition, structure, and evolution of the universe as a whole.
Physical Electronics (company)
Physical Electronics is an American manufacturer of surface analysis instruments, including XPS, Auger, and TOF-SIMS systems, formed in 1969 as a University of Minnesota spin-off and owned by Japan's ULVAC-PHI since 2003.
Physical geography
Physical geography, also known as physiogeography, is the branch of geography that studies Earth's natural environment and the processes shaping its surface, including landforms, climate, vegetation, soils, and hydrology.
Physical organic chemistry
Physical organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry applying quantitative tools such as kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotope effects to organic reaction mechanisms, best known for the Hammett equation.
Physical Phenomena
Physical phenomena: observable events of matter and energy, also a MeSH descriptor (D055585, tree G01, introduced 2009) covering astronomical, mechanical, optical, radiation, and thermodynamic processes.
Physical properties and analysis of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
The physical properties and analysis of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids follow regular trends from formic acid upward: pKa near 4.8, rising boiling points from dimerization, and falling water solubility past C4.
Physical properties and phase behavior of carbon dioxide
The physical properties and phase behavior of carbon dioxide cover its phase diagram, triple and critical points, dry ice sublimation at −78.5 °C, densities, solubility, and transport properties.
Physical property
A physical property is a characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition, like density, color, hardness, and electrical conductivity.
Physical quantity
A physical quantity is a property of a phenomenon, body, or substance that can be expressed as a number with a measurement unit, like length or mass.
Physical Review
Physical Review is a family of peer-reviewed physics journals published by the American Physical Society. Founded at Cornell in 1893, it now covers all areas of physics.
Physical Review A
Physical Review A is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Physical Society, covering atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum science; it was created in 1970 when The Physical Review split into four journals.
Physical Review B
Physical Review B (PRB) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Physical Society covering condensed matter and materials physics, created in 1970 when The Physical Review split into four journals.
Physical Review D
Physical Review D is a peer-reviewed physics journal published by the American Physical Society, covering particle physics, field theory, gravitation, and cosmology. Launched in 1970.
Physical Review E
Physical Review E is a peer-reviewed physics journal published by the American Physical Society since 1993, covering statistical, nonlinear, biological, soft matter, fluids, plasma, and computational physics.
Physical Review Letters
Physical Review Letters is a weekly peer-reviewed physics journal published by the American Physical Society, launched in 1958 to publish short reports across all fields of physics.
Physical Review Research
Physical Review Research is a peer-reviewed, fully open access, multidisciplinary physics journal published online by the American Physical Society, which announced it in 2019 as its fourteenth peer-reviewed journal.
Physicalism
Physicalism, also known as the identity thesis, is the metaphysical thesis that everything is physical or depends on the physical, introduced by Otto Neurath and Rudolf Carnap in the 1930s.
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who studies matter, energy, and the fundamental laws of nature through mathematical theory, experiments, and computation, working in research, industry, and government.
Physics
Physics, known in Greek as Φυσική, is the branch of science studying matter, energy, forces, and their interactions, from subatomic particles to the universe, underlying technologies from electricity to quantum computing.