42,772 articles
Eran Sharon
Eran Sharon is an Israeli experimental physicist and professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, known for experiments on dynamic brittle fracture and the shaping of elastic sheets.
Erasto B. Mpemba
Erasto B. Mpemba (1950–2023) was a Tanzanian game warden and scientist who, as a schoolboy in 1963, discovered the Mpemba effect: hot water can freeze faster than cold.
Erasure conversion
Erasure conversion is a quantum error correction technique that engineers qubit errors into detectable erasures at known locations; demonstrated in neutral atoms, trapped ions, superconducting circuits, and molecules.
Erasure conversion in neutral-atom qubits
Erasure conversion in neutral-atom qubits is a set of techniques that turns atom-loss and leakage errors into erasures, errors at known locations that are far easier for a decoder to correct.
Erasure correction
Erasure correction is the branch of quantum error correction that protects quantum information against erasure errors, faults whose location is known even though the error's effect is not.
Erasure qubit
An erasure qubit is a quantum bit engineered so its dominant error, such as photon loss, becomes a heralded erasure whose location is known, simplifying quantum error correction.
Eratosthenes (Ἐρατοσθένης)
Eratosthenes (Ἐρατοσθένης) of Cyrene, c. 276 to 194 BC, was a Greek scholar who led the Library of Alexandria, measured the Earth's circumference, and devised the Sieve of Eratosthenes for finding prime numbers.
Erbium
Erbium is a chemical element with the symbol Er and atomic number 68, a soft silvery lanthanide metal used in fiber optic amplifiers, dermatology lasers, and pink glass.
Erbium telecom qubit
An erbium telecom qubit is a quantum bit based on the erbium ion in a solid, whose light emission sits in the telecom C-band where fiber loses least.
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
An erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) is an optical amplifier that boosts light signals in erbium-doped fiber near 1.55 µm without converting them to electricity, enabling WDM amplification.
Erbium-doped silicon
Erbium in silicon is the incorporation of erbium ions into crystalline silicon, emitting at 1.54 μm, a wavelength in the low-loss window of silica optical fiber.
Erciyes Volcanic Complex
Erciyes Volcanic Complex (Erciyes Dağı, Argaeus Mons) is central Anatolia's largest active stratovolcano, 3917 m, with a 14 × 18 km Koç Dağ caldera, Holocene Karagüllü, Perikartin, and Dikkartin tuff-ring eruptions, and Kayseri built on its deposits.
Erdős cardinal
An Erdős cardinal is a large cardinal defined by a partition property, named for Paul Erdős; the most-used case is κ(ω₁), and a Ramsey cardinal is the κ-Erdős cardinal.
Erdős discrepancy problem
The Erdős discrepancy problem, posed by Paul Erdős in the 1930s, asks whether every infinite sequence of 1s and −1s must have arbitrarily large discrepancy along arithmetic progressions.
Erdős number
The Erdős number measures collaborative distance to the prolific Hungarian mathematician Paul Erdős (1913–1996): he has number 0, direct coauthors 1, their coauthors 2, and so on.
Erdős–Bacon number
An Erdős–Bacon number is the sum of a person's Erdős number and Bacon number, their collaboration distances from mathematician Paul Erdős and actor Kevin Bacon through coauthored papers and shared film appearances.
Erdős–Faber–Lovász conjecture
A combinatorics conjecture, posed in 1972 by Paul Erdős, Vance Faber, and László Lovász, that edges of any linear hypergraph on n vertices can be colored with n colors.
Erdős–Kac theorem
The Erdős–Kac theorem, proved by Paul Erdős and Mark Kac in 1940, states that the number of distinct prime factors of an integer is normally distributed.
Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem
A theorem in extremal set theory stating that an intersecting family of k-element subsets of an n-element set has at most n−1 choose k−1 members, proved in 1938.
Erdős–Rényi model
The Erdős–Rényi model is a random graph model in which each possible edge appears independently with fixed probability, introduced by Paul Erdős and Alfréd Rényi in 1959.
Erdős–Straus conjecture
The Erdős–Straus conjecture is an unsolved problem in number theory, posed by Paul Erdős and Ernst Straus in 1948, stating that 4/n is always a sum of three unit fractions.
Erdős–Szemerédi theorem
A 1983 theorem in additive combinatorics stating that every finite set of integers has a large sum set or product set, of size at least |A|^{1+δ}.
Erdős–Tetali theorem
The Erdős–Tetali theorem is a 1990 result in additive number theory, proved by Paul Erdős and Prasad Tetali, that economical asymptotic bases of order k exist for every fixed k.
Erdős–Turán conjecture on additive bases
The Erdős–Turán conjecture on additive bases, posed by Paul Erdős and Pál Turán in 1941, is an open problem stating that representations cannot be bounded.
Erez Hasman
Erez Hasman (born 1960) is an Israeli optical physicist, the Schlesinger chaired Professor at the Technion in Haifa, known for developing spinoptics and early optical metasurfaces.
Erez Lieberman Aiden
Erez Lieberman Aiden, also known as Erez Aiden, is an American scientist who invented the Hi-C genome mapping method, co-created the Google Ngram Viewer, and introduced evolutionary graph theory.
Ergang Wang
Ergang Wang (王二刚) is a Chinese-born Swedish polymer chemist and professor at Chalmers University of Technology, known for isoindigo-based polymers and high-efficiency all-polymer solar cells.
Ergodic hypothesis
The ergodic hypothesis, introduced by Boltzmann in 1871, assumes an isolated system over time passes through every state consistent with its energy, linking measured thermodynamic values to statistical averages.
Ergodic process
An ergodic process is a stochastic process in which time averages along one realization converge, with probability one, to ensemble averages, so one trajectory is statistically representative.
Ergodic theorem
The ergodic theorem states that for a measure-preserving transformation, the time average of an integrable function converges along almost every trajectory, equaling the space average when the system is ergodic.