42,772 articles
F-score
The F-score, also called the F-measure or F1 score, is a performance metric for binary classification and information retrieval that combines precision and recall as their harmonic mean.
F-test
The F-test is a hypothesis test whose statistic follows the F distribution and is a ratio of two variances, used to compare two variances or several means in ANOVA.
F-theory
F-theory is a twelve-dimensional geometric formulation of type IIB string theory, proposed by Cumrun Vafa in 1996 and widely used for string compactifications and model building.
F-type main-sequence star
An F-type main-sequence star, or yellow-white dwarf, is a hydrogen-fusing star of 6,000 to 7,500 K, hotter than the Sun but cooler than white A-type stars.
F. Albert Cotton
F. Albert Cotton (1930–2007) was an American inorganic chemist at MIT and Texas A&M, best known for recognizing the first metal–metal quadruple bond in 1964.
F. B. Knight
Frank Bardsley Knight (1933–2007) was an American probabilist at the University of Illinois who co-names, with Daniel Ray, the second Ray–Knight theorem describing Brownian local time.
F. Dean Toste
F. Dean Toste, born 1971 in the Azores, is a Portuguese-born organic chemist at UC Berkeley known for pioneering gold catalysis and chiral anion catalysis.
F. Duncan M. Haldane
F. Duncan M. Haldane, also known as Duncan Haldane, is a British-born condensed matter physicist at Princeton who won a share of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics.
F. Ekkehardt Hahn
F. Ekkehardt Hahn, born Franz Ekkehardt Hahn in 1955, is a German inorganic and organometallic chemist known for work on N-heterocyclic carbenes and metallosupramolecular chemistry.
F. Fleming Crim
F. Fleming Crim is an American physical chemist, emeritus professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, known for using lasers to control which bond breaks in a chemical reaction.
F. Gordon A. Stone
F. Gordon A. Stone (1925–2011) was a British organometallic chemist who held Bristol's inorganic chemistry chair from 1963 to 1990, then taught at Baylor University in Texas.
F. James Rutherford
F. James Rutherford, also known as Floyd James Rutherford, was an American science educator who co-directed Harvard Project Physics, served in two federal education agencies, and founded Project 2061.
F. Javier Garcı́a de Abajo
F. Javier García de Abajo (Francisco Javier García de Abajo), born 1964, is a Spanish theoretical physicist in nanophotonics and an ICREA Research Professor at ICFO in Barcelona.
F. Sherwood Rowland
F. Sherwood Rowland, known as Sherry Rowland (1927–2012), was an American atmospheric chemist at UC Irvine who predicted in 1974 that CFCs destroy stratospheric ozone, earning the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Mario Molina.
F(R) gravity
F(R) gravity is a class of modified theories of gravity replacing the Ricci scalar in general relativity's action with an arbitrary function; general relativity is recovered as a special case.
F4 Lie algebra
F4 is one of the five exceptional simple Lie algebras, a 52-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra of rank 4 whose root system has two root lengths, classified by Killing and Cartan.
Faber–Jackson relation
The Faber–Jackson relation is an empirical power-law correlation between the luminosity of elliptical galaxies and their stellar velocity dispersion, first quantified by astronomers Sandra Faber and Robert Jackson in 1976.
Fabian Walter
Fabian Walter is a radio and submillimeter astronomer at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, known for detecting molecular gas in the earliest quasars.
Fabio Sciarrino
Fabio Sciarrino, born in Naples in 1978, is an Italian experimental physicist and Full Professor at Sapienza University of Rome working in quantum optics and quantum information.
Fabiola Gianotti
Fabiola Gianotti is an Italian experimental particle physicist who led the ATLAS experiment when it discovered the Higgs boson in 2012 and served as CERN's Director-General.
Fabric phase sorptive extraction
Fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE) is a sample preparation technique in analytical chemistry, introduced in 2014, that uses a sol-gel sorbent chemically bonded to porous fabric.
Fabrizio Barone
Fabrizio Barone is an Italian physicist and full professor at the University of Salerno, a proponent of the VIRGO gravitational-wave interferometer and the Einstein Telescope.
Fabry–Pérot interferometer
A Fabry–Pérot interferometer, also called a Fabry–Pérot etalon, is an optical device in which light bounces between two parallel, partially reflective surfaces for high-resolution spectroscopy.
Face-centered cubic
Face-centered cubic (FCC) is a crystal structure with atoms at the corners and face centers of a cube, adopted by metals like aluminum, copper, and gold.
FACET-II
FACET-II, the Facility for Advanced Accelerator Experimental Tests-II, is a DOE user facility at SLAC in Menlo Park, California, testing plasma wakefield acceleration for smaller particle accelerators.
Facies
Facies, a term coined by Swiss geologist Amanz Gressly in 1838, is a body of rock with distinctive observable characteristics reflecting the environment in which it formed.
Facies analysis
Facies analysis is the sedimentological method of describing rock units, called facies, by their physical, chemical, and biological features to reconstruct the depositional environments that formed them, a method applied in fossil fuel exploration.
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is an international accelerator center under construction at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum in Darmstadt, Germany, one of the world's largest research construction projects.
Facility for Rare Isotope Beams
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is a Department of Energy user facility in East Lansing, Michigan, operated by Michigan State University since 2022.
Facility location problem
The facility location problem (FLP) is an optimization problem that determines the best placement of facilities such as warehouses or hospitals, balancing facility opening costs against transportation costs.