42,772 articles
Farnesol
Farnesol is an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol formed from farnesyl pyrophosphate, found in more than 30 essential oils and used as a floral fragrance ingredient and permitted flavoring.
Farrington Daniels
Farrington Daniels (1889–1972) was an American physical chemist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, director of the Manhattan Project's Metallurgical Laboratory, and a pioneer of solar energy research.
Farroll T. Wright
Farroll T. Wright, known as Tim Wright, is an American statistician and professor emeritus at the University of Missouri, co-author of the monograph Order Restricted Statistical Inference.
Farsakh
The farsakh (Arabic فرسخ; Persian farsang) is a traditional unit of distance in the Islamic world and Iran, derived from the ancient Iranian parasang and roughly 5.5 to 6 kilometers.
Faruk Fuad Abi-Khuzam
Faruk Fuad Abi-Khuzam is a Lebanese mathematician, Professor of Mathematics at the American University of Beirut, known for the 1974 Abi-Khuzam inequality proving Yff's conjecture on the Brocard angle.
Farvardin
Farvardin (Persian: فروردین) is the first month of the Solar Hijri calendar, Iran's official calendar since 1925, beginning at Nowruz and running 31 days, roughly 21 March to 20 April.
FASER
FASER (ForwArd Search ExpeRiment) is a small particle detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider, placed along the beam axis 480 meters downstream of ATLAS to search for light, weakly interacting particles.
FASERν
FASERν is a tungsten-emulsion neutrino detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider, placed in front of the FASER spectrometer to measure neutrino cross sections at teraelectronvolt energies.
Fast atom bombardment
Fast atom bombardment (FAB) is a soft ionization technique in mass spectrometry in which energetic neutral atoms strike a sample in a liquid matrix, introduced in 1981.
Fast blue optical transient
A fast blue optical transient (FBOT) is a luminous astronomical explosion that rises and fades in days, far faster than a supernova; the prototype is AT2018cow.
Fast Fourier transform
The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a family of algorithms computing the discrete Fourier transform in about N log N operations instead of N squared.
FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot survey
The FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey is a pulsar search using China's FAST telescope, covering the Galactic plane and discovering 751 pulsars by 2024.
Fast ice
Fast ice, also called landfast ice, is sea ice fixed along the coast to shore, shoals, or grounded icebergs, covering about 1.8 million km² of the Arctic in winter.
Fast ignition
Fast ignition is a variant of inertial confinement fusion in which deuterium-tritium fuel is compressed to high density, then ignited separately by a short, ultra-intense laser pulse.
Fast inverse square root
Fast inverse square root, also called Fast InvSqrt, is an algorithm that estimates 1/√x by treating a float's bits as an integer, famous from the 1999 game Quake III Arena.
Fast ion
A fast ion is an ion in a fusion plasma whose energy greatly exceeds the thermal bulk, created by neutral beam injection, wave heating, or fusion reactions themselves.
Fast multipole method
The fast multipole method (FMM) is a numerical algorithm, introduced by Leslie Greengard and Vladimir Rokhlin in 1987, that evaluates pairwise particle interactions in O(N) operations instead of O(N²).
Fast Neutrons
Fast neutrons: free neutrons of roughly 100 keV to 10 MeV kinetic energy from fission, accelerators, or isotopic sources; shielded with hydrogenous materials and used in neutron radiography and fast neutron cancer therapy.
Fast radio burst
A fast radio burst is a millisecond flash of radio emission from cosmological distances, first detected in 2007 and now known to come at least partly from magnetars.
Fast radio burst cosmology
Fast radio burst cosmology uses millisecond-duration extragalactic radio pulses as distance probes: each burst's dispersion measure grows with distance, measuring cosmic baryons and the Hubble constant.
Fast scanning calorimetry
Fast scanning calorimetry (FSC) is a thermal analysis technique that heats and cools tiny samples at rates up to 10⁹ K/min using MEMS chip sensors.
Fast wave current drive
Fast wave current drive (FWCD) is a tokamak current drive technique that launches fast magnetosonic waves asymmetrically to drive plasma current through electron Landau damping, enabling steady-state operation.
Fast X-ray transient
A fast X-ray transient (FXT) is a brief, luminous burst of soft X-ray emission lasting tens to thousands of seconds; most lack gamma-ray counterparts, and their origins remain uncertain.
Fast-ion D-alpha spectroscopy
Fast-ion D-alpha (FIDA) spectroscopy is a diagnostic technique in magnetic confinement fusion that measures confined fast ions through Doppler-shifted Balmer-alpha light emitted after charge exchange with neutral-beam atoms.
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), also known as fast cyclic voltammetry, is an electroanalytical technique that sweeps voltage rapidly at a carbon-fiber microelectrode to detect neurotransmitters like dopamine in living tissue in real time.
Faster-than-light
Faster-than-light travel, also called FTL travel, means transmitting matter, energy, or information faster than the speed of light, which special relativity forbids for anything with mass.
Faster-than-light communication
Faster-than-light communication, also called superluminal signaling, is the hypothetical transmission of information faster than light in vacuum, which would allow messages to arrive before they are sent in some reference frames, violating causality in special relativity.
Fasti
The Fasti were official Roman calendars recording, for every day, its legal and religious character, festivals, and games, alongside magistrate and triumphator lists used for dating.
Fasudil
Fasudil, also known as HA1077 or AT-877, is a Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, first approved in Japan in 1995 and later China for cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Fat hydrogenation
Fat hydrogenation is the industrial process of adding hydrogen to liquid vegetable oils over a metal catalyst to make solid fats; partial hydrogenation produces harmful trans fats.