Physical world and mathematics

Günther Balz

Günther Balz was a chemist who, with Günther Schiemann, discovered the Balz–Schiemann reaction for making aryl fluorides from aromatic amines at the Technische Hochschule Hannover in 1927.

Günther Rupprechter

Günther Rupprechter is an Austrian materials chemist and professor at TU Wien who studies heterogeneous catalysis with operando spectroscopy and microscopy, including single catalytic particles.

Günther Schiemann (1899–1967) was a German chemist, born in Breslau, who described the Balz–Schiemann reaction in 1927, a two-step conversion of aryl amines into aryl fluorides still used industrially.

Gunther Uhlmann

Gunther Uhlmann, born 1952 in Quillota, Chile, is a Chilean-American mathematician at the University of Washington known for inverse problems, electrical impedance tomography, and cloaking.

Günther Wilke

Günther Wilke (1925–2016) was a German organometallic chemist who discovered the selective cyclotrimerization of butadiene, demonstrated ligand control in nickel catalysis, and led the Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung from 1969 to 1993.

Oct 21, 2026

Guntur (landform)

Guntur (Gunung Guntur), "thunder," is a 2,251 m complex stratovolcano in West Java near Garut, last erupting in 1847 after 24 eruptions since 1690; it drives the Kamojang and Darajat geothermal fields.

Guoyin Shen

Guoyin Shen is a high-pressure geophysicist at Argonne National Laboratory's Advanced Photon Source, known for a 2001 Nature study of the post-spinel transformation marking the 660-km discontinuity.

Gurobi Optimization

Gurobi Optimization is an optimization software company co-founded in 2008 by Robert Bixby, Zonghao Gu, and Edward Rothberg, named from the first two letters of their surnames.

Gury Marchuk

Gury Marchuk (Гурий Иванович Марчук, 1925–2013) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician who pioneered the splitting and adjoint-equation methods in computational mathematics and calculated nuclear reactors for the Soviet atomic project.

Gurzadyan-Savvidy relaxation

Gurzadyan-Savvidy relaxation is a proposed mechanism of dynamical relaxation in stellar systems, introduced by Gurzadyan and Savvidy in 1983, predicting faster relaxation than two-body encounters.

Gust factor

The gust factor is the ratio of a peak wind speed over a short duration, such as 3 seconds, to the mean wind speed over a longer period.

Gust front

A gust front is the leading edge of gusty surface winds produced by a thunderstorm's downdrafts, often marked by a shelf cloud, that produces wind shear hazardous to aircraft.

Gustaaf Adolf Frederik Molengraaff

Gustaaf Adolf Frederik Molengraaff (1860–1942) was a Dutch geologist who first described the Bushveld Complex in South Africa and led pioneering expeditions to Borneo and Timor.

Gustaf Dalén

Nils Gustaf Dalén was a Swedish engineer and inventor who won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physics for automatic valves for lighthouses and led the gas company AGA.

Gustaf Ising

Gustaf Adolf Ising (1883–1960) was a Swedish physicist and geophysicist whose 1924 multiple-acceleration principle underlies the linear accelerator and, indirectly, the cyclotron; Ernest Lawrence called him the father of multiple acceleration.

Gustaf Komppa

Gustaf Komppa (1867–1949) was a Finnish chemist known for the total synthesis of camphoric acid, announced in 1903, and of camphor, published in 1908, and for the first industrial commercialization of such a synthesis.

Gustav A. Hedlund

Gustav A. Hedlund was a mathematician at Yale University, a founder of symbolic dynamics through the Morse–Hedlund papers of 1938 and 1940 and an originator of cellular automata theory.

Gustav de Vries

Gustav de Vries (1866–1934) was a Dutch mathematician and Haarlem schoolteacher whose 1894 doctoral thesis gave explicit form to the Korteweg–de Vries equation, later central to soliton theory.

Gustav Ehrhart

Gustav Ehrhart (1894–1971) was a German chemist who led I.G. Farben's pharmaceutical-scientific laboratories and, with Max Bockmühl, achieved the first synthesis of methadone, a heroin-substitute analgesic.

Gustav Heinrich Tammann

Gustav Heinrich Tammann (1861–1938) was a Baltic German physical chemist and metallurgist at Göttingen, counted among the founders of metallography and the science of metals.

Gustav Herglotz

Gustav Herglotz (1881–1953) was a German mathematician and astronomer, professor at Leipzig and Göttingen, known for the Herglotz–Wiechert seismic inversion, relativity, and the Herglotz representation theorem.

Gustav Hertz

Gustav Ludwig Hertz was a German experimental physicist who shared the 1925 Nobel Prize in Physics with James Franck for experiments confirming discrete atomic energy levels.

Gustav Kirchhoff

Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824 to 1887) was a German physicist whose circuit laws govern electrical networks, and who with Robert Bunsen founded spectrum analysis and discovered caesium and rubidium.

Gustav Mie

Gustav Mie was a German physicist who in 1908 published the exact solution for light scattering by spheres, taught at Greifswald, Halle, and Freiburg, and retired in 1935.

Gustave Bémont

Gustave Bémont was a French chemist and head of experimental studies at ESPCI Paris, remembered as co-signatory with Pierre and Marie Curie of the 1898 note announcing radium.

Gustave Choquet

Gustave Choquet (1915–2006) was a French mathematician who created capacity theory and the Choquet integral, and proved the integral representation theorem for compact convex sets, publishing more than 160 articles.

Sep 20, 2026

Gustavo E. Scuseria

Gustavo E. Scuseria, born 1956 in Buenos Aires, is an Argentine-born American theoretical chemist at Rice University known for the HSE and TPSS density functionals and coupled-cluster methods.

Gutenberg discontinuity

The Gutenberg discontinuity is the seismic boundary about 2,900 km down where Earth's solid mantle meets its liquid iron outer core, named for Beno Gutenberg.

Gutmann donor number

The Gutmann donor number (DN, also called donicity) is an empirical measure of a solvent's Lewis basicity, introduced by Viktor Gutmann and widely used in electrochemistry.