edgepedia

Physical world and mathematics

42,772 articles

Hans Thirring

Hans Thirring (1888–1976) was an Austrian theoretical physicist at the University of Vienna who predicted the Lense–Thirring effect in 1918 and later co-founded the Pugwash movement.

Hans von Euler-Chelpin

Hans von Euler-Chelpin was a German-born Swedish biochemist at Stockholm University who shared the 1929 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Arthur Harden for work on enzymes in fermentation.

Hans Wynberg

Hans Wynberg, also known as Hans Wijnberg (1922–2011), was a Dutch organic chemist who pioneered asymmetric organocatalysis using cinchona alkaloids like quinine as chiral catalysts.

Hans Zassenhaus

Hans Zassenhaus (1912–1991) was a German mathematician who worked in group theory, number theory, and computation, known for the Zassenhaus (butterfly) lemma, Zassenhaus groups, and a proof of the Schur–Zassenhaus theorem.

Hans-Arwed Weidenmüller

Hans-Arwed Weidenmüller, born 1933 in Dresden, is a German theoretical physicist known for the statistical theory of nuclear reactions based on random matrices, and for work on quantum chaos.

Hans-Egon Richert

Hans-Egon Richert (1924–1993) was a German analytic number theorist whose 1965 improvement of Selberg's sieve with Jurkat underpinned Chen's theorem, and who coauthored Sieve Methods.

Hans-Joachim Bremermann

Hans-Joachim Bremermann (1926–1996) was a German-American mathematician and biomathematician at UC Berkeley, best known for the Bremermann limit and as an original investigator of genetic algorithms.

Hans-Joachim Queisser

Hans-Joachim Queisser (1931–2025) was a German semiconductor physicist who, with William Shockley, established the Shockley–Queisser limit for solar cell efficiency, and founded the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart.

Hans-Jürgen Borchers

Hans-Jürgen Borchers (1926–2011) was a German mathematical physicist and leading figure in algebraic quantum field theory, professor at Göttingen from 1966 and recipient of the 1994 Max Planck Medal.

Hans-Walter Rix

Hans-Walter Rix is a German galactic astronomer, director at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg since 1999, known for reconstructing the Milky Way's formation history from Gaia data.

Hans‐Conrad zur Loye

Hans-Conrad zur Loye is an inorganic and materials chemist at the University of South Carolina, best known for flux crystal growth of complex oxides and transuranium compounds.

Hans‐Heinrich Limbach

Hans-Heinrich Limbach (born 1943 in Brühl, Germany) is a German chemist who used NMR spectroscopy to study proton and hydrogen transfer, holding a chair at the Freie Universität Berlin from 1990.

Hans‐Joachim Freund

Hans-Joachim Freund, born 1951 in Solingen, is a German chemical physicist known for model catalysts of metal nanoparticles on ultrathin oxide films, directing the Fritz-Haber-Institut in Berlin from 1996 to 2019.

Hans‐Joachim Werner

Hans-Joachim Werner is a German theoretical chemist who developed multireference electronic structure methods, created the Molpro package, and won the Leibniz Prize in 2000 and the Erich Hückel Prize in 2018.

Hans‐Jürgen Butt

Hans-Jürgen Butt is a German physicist, born in Hamburg in 1961, who studies wetting and drop friction and directs the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz.

Hans‐Thomas Janka

Hans-Thomas Janka (born 1960) is a German astrophysicist who leads a core-collapse supernova research group at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany.

Hansen solubility parameter

The Hansen solubility parameter (HSP), introduced by Charles M. Hansen in 1967, splits cohesive energy into dispersion, polar, and hydrogen bonding components to predict solvent compatibility.

Hansgeorg Schnöckel

Hansgeorg Schnöckel (born 1941) is a German inorganic chemist who worked at the University of Karlsruhe and made the largest metalloid aluminum and gallium clusters, with up to 84 atoms.

Hansjörg Grützmacher

Hansjörg Grützmacher, born 1959 in Hamburg, is a German organometallic and inorganic chemist, long-time ETH Zurich professor known for the first stable aminyl radical metal complex and sodium phosphaethynolate.

Hantzsch pyridine synthesis

The Hantzsch pyridine synthesis is a multicomponent organic reaction, reported by Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch in 1881, that condenses an aldehyde, a β-keto ester, and ammonia into 1,4-dihydropyridines.

Hantzsch reaction

The Hantzsch reaction is a multicomponent organic condensation of an aldehyde, a β-ketoester, and ammonia that forms 1,4-dihydropyridines, the core of calcium channel blocker drugs like nifedipine.

Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature

Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature is the IUPAC system for naming heteromonocycles of 3 to 10 ring members, combining heteroatom prefixes with stems encoding ring size and hydrogenation.

Hanukkah Eve windstorm of 2006

The Hanukkah Eve windstorm of 2006 was a powerful windstorm that struck western Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia in December 2006, leaving 1.5 million customers without power.

Happy ending problem

The happy ending problem, also called the Erdős–Szekeres conjecture, asks how many points in general position in the plane guarantee n vertices of a convex polygon, named for the marriage of George Szekeres and Esther Klein.

Happy number

A happy number is a positive integer that reaches 1 when repeatedly replaced by the sum of the squares of its digits, for example 7, 13, and 19.

Happy Planet Index

The Happy Planet Index (HPI) is a composite indicator, launched in 2006 by the New Economics Foundation, that ranks countries by how efficiently they turn environmental resources into long, happy lives.

Harald Ade

Harald Ade is a physicist at North Carolina State University who developed NEXAFS microscopy and resonant soft X-ray scattering, methods used to study organic solar cell morphology and stability.

Harald Bohr

Harald Bohr (1887–1951) was a Danish mathematician, younger brother of physicist Niels Bohr, who founded the theory of almost periodic functions and worked on Dirichlet series.

Harald Brune

Harald Brune, born 1961, is a Full Professor at EPFL in Lausanne who studies nanoscale magnetism, epitaxial growth, and single-atom magnets, including magnetic remanence in single atoms.

Harald Cramér

Harald Cramér (1893–1985) was a Swedish mathematician and statistician at Stockholm University known for the Cramér–Rao bound, ruin theory for insurance, and his 1945 book Mathematical Methods of Statistics.