42,772 articles
Hiroyuki Isobe
Hiroyuki Isobe (磯部寛之, born 1970 in Tokyo) is a Japanese organic chemist and professor at the University of Tokyo known for synthesizing molecular nanocarbons, including phenine nanotubes and molecular peapods.
Hiroyuki Nishide
Hiroyuki Nishide (西出 宏之, born 1947) is a Japanese polymer chemist at Waseda University, a professor from 1987 to 2018, known for redox-active radical polymers and the organic radical battery.
Hiroyuki Sakaki
Hiroyuki Sakaki (榊裕之), born 1944, is a Japanese semiconductor physicist who conceived the quantum wire and quantum dot and is Professor Emeritus of the University of Tokyo.
Hirshfeld surface analysis
Hirshfeld surface analysis is a crystallographic method that partitions space in a molecular crystal around each molecule and quantifies intermolecular contacts through color-mapped surfaces and fingerprint plots.
Hisanori Shinohara
Hisanori Shinohara (篠原 久典) is a Japanese chemist and professor at Nagoya University known for pioneering endohedral metallofullerenes, including the 1992 scandium trimer report and the first nano-peapods.
Hisashi Kimura
Hisashi Kimura (木村栄, 1870–1943) was a Japanese astronomer and first director of the International Latitude Observatory at Mizusawa, best known for discovering the z-term, an annual component of apparent latitude variation independent of Earth's polar motion.
Hisashi Kuno
Hisashi Kuno (久野久) was a Japanese petrologist and volcanologist, professor at the University of Tokyo, known for distinguishing the tholeiitic, high-alumina, and alkali basalt magma series.
Hisashi Yamamoto
Hisashi Yamamoto (山本 尚), born 1943 in Kobe, is a Japanese organic chemist known for designer Lewis acid and Brønsted acid catalysts for asymmetric synthesis.
Hisayoshi Yurimoto
Hisayoshi Yurimoto (圦本尚義, born 1958) is a Japanese cosmochemist and professor at Hokkaido University who built the first isotope microscope and led the initial analysis of Hayabusa2's Ryugu samples.
Hishikari Mine
Hishikari Mine (菱刈鉱山) is an underground gold mine in Isa, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, owned by Sumitomo Metal Mining. Discovered in 1981, it is Japan's only commercial-scale metal mine.
Histamine
Histamine is a biogenic amine synthesized from L-histidine and stored mainly in mast cells, acting through four receptors in allergic reactions, gastric acid secretion, and brain arousal.
Histidine
Histidine (His, H) is one of the nine essential amino acids, obtained from meat, fish, eggs, and soy, whose imidazole side chain makes it a versatile catalytic residue, metal ligand, and precursor of histamine.
Histogram
A histogram is a graphical summary of a single quantitative variable's distribution: the data range is split into intervals called bins, with each bin's count shown as a bar.
Historical brightest stars
The historical brightest stars are the stars that have held or will hold the title of brightest star in Earth's night sky. Canopus held it 90,000 years ago, and Vega will in 210,000 years.
Historical climatology
Historical climatology is the study of past climate using documentary evidence such as annals, diaries, and ship logbooks, pioneered by Hubert H. Lamb and complementing natural proxies like tree rings.
Historical geographic information system
A historical geographic information system (HGIS) digitizes and maps historical sources by adding time to GIS, as in the Great Britain and China Historical GIS projects.
Historical participation of women in physics
The historical participation of women in physics spans the 18th century to the present, a pattern of exclusion and celebrated exceptions like Marie Curie and Lise Meitner.
Historical refinements of the classical tests of general relativity
Historical refinements of the classical tests of general relativity cover how Mercury's perihelion, light deflection, and redshift tests were sharpened from the 1920s to the 1960s.
Historically significant lunar eclipses
Historically significant lunar eclipses are recorded eclipses that changed events, anchored calendars, or supplied scientific data, from omens before ancient battles to records that now measure changes in Earth's rotation.
Historiography and periodization of physics
The historiography and periodization of physics is the study of how physics history is divided into periods, contrasting the textbook classical/modern split around 1900 with historians' finer schemes.
Historiography of science
The historiography of science is the study of how the history of science is written, including debates over internal versus social explanations of scientific development.
History and culture of substituted amphetamines
The history and culture of substituted amphetamines traces amphetamine, methamphetamine, and MDMA from first synthesis in 1887 through wartime use, the 1970 drug controls, and the ecstasy-fueled British rave scene.
History of algebra
The history of algebra traces techniques for finding unknown quantities, from Babylonian tablets around 1800 BC through al-Khwarizmi, who gave the subject its name, to the abstract structures of the twentieth century.
History of astrology
The history of astrology spans celestial omen texts in second-millennium BCE Mesopotamia, a Hellenistic synthesis that created the horoscope, and Islamic and medieval European scholarship.
History of astronomy
The history of astronomy records how humans observed and explained the sky, from Babylonian eclipse prediction by 700 BCE to Hipparchus, Tycho Brahe, and space telescopes.
History of biophysical instrumentation
The history of biophysical instrumentation traces devices that measure living systems, from the 1590s compound microscope and Galvani's 1780s frog experiments to single-molecule microscopes and commercial biosensors.
History of black hole physics
The history of black hole physics traces the idea from Newtonian dark stars proposed in the 1780s, through Schwarzschild's 1916 exact solution, to the era of gravitational-wave detections.
History of calculus
The history of calculus, also called the history of infinitesimal calculus, follows how differentiation and integration developed from Archimedes and 14th-century Kerala to independent invention by Newton and Leibniz and 19th-century rigor on limits.
History of calendars
The history of calendars is the record of how cultures reconciled the day, lunar month, and solar year, from Egypt's 365-day calendar to the Gregorian reform of 1582.
History of causal inference
The history of causal inference traces three traditions that developed separately, Neyman's 1923 potential outcomes, econometrics, and Pearl's 1990s graphical models, before converging into complementary frameworks.