edgepedia

Physical world and mathematics

42,772 articles

Jonathan W. Steed

Jonathan W. Steed is Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Durham University who works on supramolecular gels and pharmaceutical crystal forms, and co-authored the textbook Supramolecular Chemistry.

Jonathan Wilker

Jonathan Wilker is an American chemist and Tarpo Professor of Chemistry at Purdue University who studies how mussels glue themselves underwater and develops patented synthetic adhesives modeled on that chemistry.

Jonathan Williams (atmospheric chemist)

Jonathan Williams is a British atmospheric chemist who leads a research group at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz, Germany, known for measuring volatile organic compounds.

Jones calculus

Jones calculus is a matrix method in polarization optics, formulated by R. Clark Jones in 1941, representing fully polarized coherent light with vectors and 2 × 2 matrices.

Jones polynomial

The Jones polynomial is a polynomial invariant of knots and links in three-dimensional space, introduced by Vaughan Jones in 1984. It distinguishes all knots of 10 crossings or fewer, though computing it is #P-hard.

Jong Seung Kim

Jong Seung Kim (김종승) is a South Korean supramolecular chemist and professor of chemistry at Korea University in Seoul, known for fluorescent probes and cancer theranostics.

Jong-Shi Pang

Jong-Shi Pang is a Stanford-trained operations researcher and optimization theorist, Epstein Family Chair at the University of Southern California since 2013 and a 2021 National Academy of Engineering member.

Jong‐Beom Baek

Jong-Beom Baek (백종범) is a South Korean materials chemist, Distinguished Professor and lab director at UNIST since 2008, known for edge-functionalized graphene, single-atom catalysts, and mechanochemistry.

Jong‐Min Lee

Jong-Min Lee (이종민) is a South Korean electrochemist and associate professor at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, known for electrocatalysts for hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction.

Jongwoo Lim

Jongwoo Lim (임종우) is a South Korean chemist at Seoul National University, known for operando X-ray imaging of lithium movement in battery cathodes and a 2023 Young Scientist Award.

Jöns Jacob Berzelius

Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848) was a Swedish chemist, a founder of modern chemistry, who determined the atomic weights of 43 elements, introduced letter-based chemical symbols, and discovered silicon, selenium, and thorium.

Jook Walraven

Jook Walraven is an atomic physicist who, with his supervisor Isaac Silvera, first stabilized spin-polarized atomic hydrogen in 1980, creating the first studied dilute quantum gas.

Joop Schaye

Joop Schaye is an astronomer and full professor of galaxy formation at Leiden Observatory since 2011, who led the EAGLE cosmological simulation and leads the COLIBRE project.

Joost Businger

Joost Alois Businger (1924–2023) was a Dutch-born American atmospheric scientist at the University of Washington, known for the 1971 flux-profile relationships and developing the sonic anemometer.

Joost N. H. Reek

Joost Reek (born 1967) is a Dutch chemist, professor of supramolecular catalysis at the University of Amsterdam since 2006, who founded the catalyst-testing company InCatT.

Joram Lindenstrauss

Joram Lindenstrauss (1936–2012) was an Israeli mathematician at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem who co-created the Johnson–Lindenstrauss lemma on dimension reduction and, with Lior Tzafriri, solved the complemented subspace problem in Banach space theory.

Jordan algebra

A Jordan algebra is a commutative non-associative algebra satisfying the Jordan identity, introduced by Pascual Jordan in 1933 as an algebraic foundation for quantum mechanics.

Jordan block

A Jordan block is a square matrix with a single number λ on its main diagonal, 1s on the diagonal above, and 0s everywhere else.

Jordan Ellenberg

Jordan Ellenberg is an American mathematician at the University of Wisconsin–Madison known for the 2016 cap-set bound and bestselling books like How Not to Be Wrong.

Jordan normal form

The Jordan normal form, also called the Jordan canonical form, is a block-diagonal matrix representing a linear operator when a matrix cannot be diagonalized, with eigenvalues on the diagonal and 1s on the superdiagonal.

Jordan–Wigner transformation

The Jordan–Wigner transformation maps fermionic creation and annihilation operators to qubits, one qubit per mode, using Pauli Z strings to encode fermionic signs; introduced in 1928.

Jordi Cabana

Jordi Cabana is a chemist at the University of Illinois Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory known for research on battery materials, including the 2015 observation of reversible magnesium-ion intercalation.

Jordi Folch-Pi

Jordi Folch-Pi (Jordi Folch i Pi, 1911–1979) was a Catalan-born American neurochemist at Harvard Medical School and McLean Hospital, known for the Folch lipid extraction and for discovering proteolipids.

Jörg Harms

Jörg Harms (Joerg M. Harms) is a German crystallographer who, with Frank Schluenzen in Ada Yonath's group, determined the 3.1 Å structure of the bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit in 2001.

Jörg Kärger

Jörg Kärger, born 1943 in Erfurt, is a German physicist and professor emeritus at Leipzig University known for NMR studies of diffusion in nanoporous materials such as zeolites.

Jörg Libuda

Jörg Libuda (born 1968 in Bochum, Germany) is a German physical chemist who chairs Interface Research and Catalysis at FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, known for model catalysts and electrocatalysis.

Jörg Reichert

Jörg Reichert is a German physicist who at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics helped demonstrate the stability of femtosecond frequency combs, work named in the 2005 Nobel Prize background.

Jörg Schmiedmayer

Jörg Schmiedmayer is an Austrian experimental physicist and professor at TU Wien, known for developing the atom chip and studying non-equilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional quantum gases.

Jörg Wrachtrup

Jörg Wrachtrup, born 1961 in Herford, Germany, is a physicist at the University of Stuttgart known for detecting a single molecular spin in 1993 and diamond quantum sensing.

Jorge Allende

Jorge Allende, born in 1934, is a Chilean biochemist and professor at the Universidad de Chile known for research on protein synthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and GTP-binding proteins.