edgepedia

Physical world and mathematics

42,772 articles

Kathryn Whaler

Kathryn (Kathy) Whaler is a British geophysicist, Professor of Geophysics at Edinburgh since 1994, the first woman elected to a UK geophysics chair and IUGG president.

Katia and Maurice Krafft

Katia and Maurice Krafft were French volcanologists, a married couple from Alsace who filmed and photographed eruptions at close range and died together on Mount Unzen, Japan, in 1991.

Katla (volcano)

Katla is a large subglacial volcano beneath the Mýrdalsjökull ice cap in southern Iceland, one of the country's most active, with its last confirmed eruption in 1918.

KATRIN

KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment) is a German experiment measuring the electron antineutrino's mass from tritium beta decay, with an upper limit of 0.45 eV set in 2025.

Katrina J. Edwards

Katrina J. Edwards (1968–2014) was an American geomicrobiologist, professor at the University of Southern California, and founding director of C-DEBI, who showed that microbes thrive in rocks beneath the seafloor.

Katritzky pyridinium salts

Katritzky pyridinium salts are redox-active N-alkyl 2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium salts, developed by Alan Katritzky in the 1970s and widely used since 2017 as alkyl radical precursors in deaminative cross-coupling.

Katsuhiko Ariga

Katsuhiko Ariga (有賀 克彦) is a Japanese supramolecular chemist and materials scientist. He is known for pioneering layer-by-layer assembly and nanoarchitectonics at NIMS and the University of Tokyo.

Katsuko Saruhashi (猿橋勝子)

Katsuko Saruhashi (猿橋勝子) was a Japanese geochemist who traced nuclear fallout in seawater and was the first woman to earn a chemistry PhD from the University of Tokyo.

Katsumi Kaneko

Katsumi Kaneko (金子克美) is a Japanese materials chemist and Distinguished Professor at Shinshu University since 2014, known for adsorption science, nanoporous carbons, and energy storage research.

Katsumi Midorikawa

Katsumi Midorikawa (緑川 克美) is a Japanese physicist at RIKEN whose 2002 high-output attosecond pulse laser became an international standard; he led the RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics from 2018 to 2023.

Kaufmann–Bucherer–Neumann experiments

The Kaufmann–Bucherer–Neumann experiments, performed between 1901 and 1916 by Walter Kaufmann, Alfred Bucherer, and Günther Neumann, were electron-deflection measurements testing how an electron's mass depends on velocity.

Kaurane

Kaurane is a tetracyclic diterpene hydrocarbon (C20H34) whose skeleton underlies more than 1,300 plant natural products, including the sweeteners stevioside and the anticancer compound oridonin.

Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics

The Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics (KICP) is a University of Chicago research institute studying dark energy, dark matter, and inflation; founded in 2001, it was renamed in 2004 after a Kavli Foundation endowment.

Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics

The Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) is a research institute at the University of California, Santa Barbara, established in 1979 and renamed in 2001 after a $7.5 million gift from Fred Kavli.

Kawingasaurus

Kawingasaurus, with the single species Kawingasaurus fossilis, is a small burrowing dicynodont from the Late Permian of Tanzania, known for seismic hearing and a mammal-like brain.

Kay Behrensmeyer

Anna K. ("Kay") Behrensmeyer is an American taphonomist and paleoecologist, a Smithsonian research curator since 1981, known for pioneering taphonomy and her long-running Amboseli bone study in Kenya.

Kay Severin

Kay Severin (born 1967) is a German supramolecular and inorganic chemist who has been a full professor at EPFL in Lausanne since 2009, leading its Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry.

Kaye D. Lathrop

Kaye Don Lathrop was an American nuclear physicist known for discrete-ordinates, or Sn, methods; he won the 1976 E. O. Lawrence Award for neutron transport computer codes.

Kayvan R. Keshari

Kayvan R. Keshari, also published as Kayvan Rahimi Keshari, is a biochemist and professor at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center who studies cancer metabolism and hyperpolarized MRI.

Kazhdan's property (T)

Kazhdan's property (T) is a rigidity property of groups introduced by David Kazhdan in 1967, stating that almost-invariant vectors in unitary representations are close to fixed ones.

Kazimierz Fajans

Kazimierz Fajans, also known as Kasimir Fajans, was a Polish-born radiochemist who co-formulated the radioactive displacement laws and discovered the first isotope of element 91 in 1913.

Kazimierz Kuratowski

Kazimierz Kuratowski (1896–1980) was a Polish mathematician who axiomatized the closure operator, proved the classic planarity criterion for graphs, and led the rebuilding of Polish mathematics after World War II.

Kazimierz Zarankiewicz

Kazimierz Zarankiewicz (1902–1959) was a Polish mathematician and professor at the Warsaw Polytechnic known for the Zarankiewicz problem and his crossing number conjecture for complete bipartite graphs.

Kazuaki Ishihara

Kazuaki Ishihara (石原一彰), born 1963, is a Japanese organic chemist and professor at Nagoya University known for asymmetric catalysis, including hafnium-catalyzed esterification and hypoiodite catalysis reported in Science.

Kazuhiko Maeda

Kazuhiko Maeda (前田 和彦) is a Japanese chemist and professor at the Institute of Science Tokyo, known for oxynitride photocatalysts that split water into hydrogen and oxygen with visible light.

Kazuhiko Nishijima

Kazuhiko Nishijima (西島和彦, 1926–2009) was a Japanese theoretical particle physicist who, with Tadao Nakano and independently of Murray Gell-Mann, discovered the Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula relating hadron charge to strangeness, paving the way to the quark model.

Kazuhiko Takai

Kazuhiko Takai (髙井 和彦, born 1954 in Tokyo) is a Japanese organic chemist and professor at Okayama University since 2005, known for the Takai olefination and organosodium cross-coupling chemistry.

Kazuhiro Takanabe

Kazuhiro Takanabe (高鍋和広) is a Japanese catalysis researcher, professor of chemical system engineering at the University of Tokyo since 2018, known for quantitative photocatalysis and green hydrogen work.

Kazuhito Hashimoto

Kazuhito Hashimoto (橋本和仁, born 1955) is a Japanese materials chemist at the University of Tokyo known for titanium dioxide photocatalysis and self-cleaning surfaces, and president of the Japan Science and Technology Agency since 2022.

Kazunari Domen

Kazunari Domen (堂免 一成, born 1953) is a Japanese chemist, a University Professor at the University of Tokyo, known for particulate photocatalysts that split water into hydrogen using sunlight.