42,772 articles
Lawrence Que
Lawrence Que, Jr. is an American bioinorganic chemist at the University of Minnesota known for work on nonheme iron oxygen activation and bio-inspired oxidation catalysis.
Lawrence R. Hafstad
Lawrence R. Hafstad (1904–1993) was an American nuclear physicist who helped demonstrate uranium fission in 1939, proved the radar proximity fuze feasible, and led the Atomic Energy Commission's reactor program.
Lawrence R. Sita
Lawrence R. Sita is an American inorganic and materials chemist, a professor at the University of Maryland since 2002 known for nitrogen fixation catalysis and living polymerization of polyolefins.
Lawrence S. Bartell
Lawrence S. Bartell (1923–2017) was an American physical chemist at the University of Michigan who used electron diffraction and electron holography to determine the shapes of free molecules.
Lawrence Shepp
Lawrence Shepp was an American mathematician and statistician who developed the Shepp–Logan filter and phantom for CT image reconstruction, spending most of his career at Bell Laboratories.
Lawrence T. Scott
Lawrence T. Scott, born 1944, is an American organic chemist and emeritus professor at Boston College who led the first rational chemical synthesis of buckminsterfullerene.
Lawrencium
Lawrencium, formerly called unniltrium, is a synthetic radioactive element with atomic number 103 and symbol Lr, the last and heaviest actinide, first identified at Berkeley in 1961.
Laws of Form
Laws of Form is a 1969 book by the British mathematician G. Spencer-Brown that introduces the calculus of indications, showing it equivalent to Boolean algebra and the propositional calculus.
Laws of thermodynamics
The laws of thermodynamics are four principles governing heat, work, temperature, and entropy: thermal equilibrium defines temperature, energy is conserved, entropy never decreases, and absolute zero is unreachable.
Lawson conjecture
The Lawson conjecture, posed by H. Blaine Lawson in 1970, states that the Clifford torus is the only embedded minimal torus in the unit 3-sphere; Simon Brendle proved it in 2012.
Lawson criterion
The Lawson criterion is the condition on plasma temperature, density, and confinement time required for a fusion plasma to ignite, identified by John D. Lawson in 1955.
Lax entropy condition
The Lax entropy condition is an admissibility criterion, introduced by Peter D. Lax in the 1950s, selecting the physically meaningful weak solution of a hyperbolic conservation law.
Lax pair
A Lax pair is a pair of linear operators or matrices whose compatibility condition reproduces a nonlinear evolution equation, making the eigenvalues of L conserved quantities.
Layer Hall effect
The layer Hall effect is a transport phenomenon in which electrons in different layers of a magnetic material deflect oppositely, first observed in even-layered MnBi2Te4 flakes in 2021.
Layer-by-layer assembly
Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly is an inexpensive thin-film fabrication method, introduced by R.K. Iler in 1966 and by Gero Decher in 1991, that alternately adsorbs oppositely charged molecules from water, used in drug delivery and tissue engineering.
Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in a van der Waals crystal down to the monolayer limit
A 2017 Nature paper by Bevin Huang and colleagues reporting the first two-dimensional crystal with intrinsic magnetism, monolayer chromium triiodide, a ferromagnet with a Curie temperature of 45 K.
Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in CrI3 monolayers
Layer-dependent ferromagnetism in CrI3 monolayers is the change of chromium triiodide's magnetic order with layer number: single layers are ferromagnetic, bilayers antiferromagnetic, trilayers ferromagnetic again.
Layered double hydroxides
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), also called anionic clays or hydrotalcite-like compounds, are ionic lamellar solids with positively charged brucite-like metal hydroxide layers separated by exchangeable interlayer anions and water.
Layered perovskite
A layered perovskite is a material in which slabs cut from the perovskite structure are stacked with spacer layers, covering oxide compounds and hybrid organic–inorganic halides used in solar cells.
Layered sodium cobaltate
Layered sodium cobaltate (NaxCoO2) is a layered cobalt oxide whose sodium content controls its properties; it shows a large thermoelectric power, and its hydrate superconducts near 5 K.
Layered sodium oxide
Layered sodium oxides are sodium transition metal oxides with the general formula NaₓTMO₂, one of the main cathode classes for sodium-ion batteries, valued for high specific capacity, high energy density, and manufacturing-compatible synthesis.
Lazar Lyusternik
Lazar Lyusternik, also known as Lazar Aronovich Lyusternik, was a Soviet mathematician and Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences, known for the Lyusternik–Schnirelmann category and the three geodesics theorem.
Lazarus Fletcher
Sir Lazarus Fletcher (1854–1921) was a British mineralogist and museum director who led the British Museum (Natural History) and wrote an influential 1891 memoir on the optical indicatrix.
Lazarus Fuchs
Lazarus Immanuel Fuchs (1833–1902) was a German mathematician, a pupil of Weierstrass, who characterized the Fuchsian class of linear differential equations; Poincaré named Fuchsian functions in his honor.
LC circuit
An LC circuit, also called a resonant circuit, is an electrical circuit of an inductor and capacitor in which energy oscillates between electric and magnetic fields.
LC-MS/MS
LC-MS/MS is an analytical method coupling liquid chromatography separation with tandem mass spectrometry detection, the gold standard for trace quantification in clinical diagnostics and newborn screening.
LCLS-II
LCLS-II (Linac Coherent Light Source II) is an X-ray free-electron laser at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, California, producing up to 1 million X-ray flashes per second.
LCR meter
An LCR meter, also known as an RCL meter, is an electronic test instrument that measures inductance, capacitance, and resistance via impedance, and is widely used for component testing and sorting on electronics production lines.
LDN 1157
LDN 1157, also written L1157, is a dark molecular cloud in Cepheus whose embedded protostar drives a bipolar outflow, making it a widely used laboratory for shock chemistry.
LDN 1448
LDN 1448, also written L1448, is a dark nebula at the western end of the Perseus molecular complex, an active site of low-mass star formation.