42,772 articles
Martin Zdenek Bazant
Martin Zdenek Bazant is a chemical engineer and applied mathematician at MIT, known for theoretical electrochemistry, battery modeling, and a 2021 indoor COVID-19 transmission guideline.
Martin Zirnbauer
Martin R. Zirnbauer, born 1958 in Moosburg, Germany, is a German theoretical physicist at the University of Cologne, known for the Altland–Zirnbauer symmetry classes and the tenfold-way classification of topological insulators and superconductors.
Martin Zwierlein
Martin Zwierlein is an experimental physicist at MIT who studies ultracold fermionic atoms and quantum gas microscopy, known for demonstrating superfluidity in a strongly interacting Fermi gas.
Martin-Löf randomness
Martin-Löf randomness is the standard formal notion of algorithmic randomness for individual infinite binary sequences, introduced by the Swedish logician Per Martin-Löf in his 1966 paper "The definition of random sequences".
Martin-Löf type theory
Martin-Löf type theory (MLTT), also called intuitionistic type theory, is a constructive formal system devised by Per Martin-Löf that underlies proof assistants like Coq and Agda.
Martin's axiom
Martin's axiom (MA) is a set-theoretic statement that any family of fewer than continuum many dense subsets of a ccc partial order can all be met by one filter.
Martin's maximum
Martin's Maximum (MM) is a forcing axiom of set theory, isolated by Foreman, Magidor, and Shelah in 1988 and ostensibly the strongest possible of its general form.
Martina H. Stenzel
Martina H. Stenzel, Professor Martina Stenzel, is an Australian polymer chemist and ARC Laureate Fellow at UNSW Sydney known for complex polymer architectures and nanoparticles for cancer drug delivery.
Martingale (probability theory)
In probability theory, a martingale is a stochastic process, such as a gambler's fortune in a fair game, whose expected future value given all past observations equals its present value.
Martingale central limit theorem
The martingale central limit theorem (martingale CLT) states that normalized sums of martingale differences, dependent variables revealed sequentially, converge in distribution to a normal, or a mixture of normals.
Martingale difference sequence
A martingale difference sequence, or martingale difference series, is a sequence of integrable random variables whose conditional expectation given the entire past is zero, so each increment is unpredictable from past history.
Martini 3 force field
Martini 3 is a coarse-grained molecular dynamics force field for biomolecular and soft-matter simulation, released in 2021, mapping roughly four heavy atoms to single beads.
Martinus J.G. Veltman
Martinus J.G. Veltman (1931–2021) was a Dutch theoretical physicist who shared the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics with Gerardus 't Hooft for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions.
Martinus Theodorus van Genuchten
Martinus Theodorus ("Rien") van Genuchten, born 1945 in the Netherlands, is a Dutch soil hydrologist whose 1980 equation for unsaturated soils has gathered more than 30,000 citations.
Martyn Clark
Martyn Clark is a hydrologist and Canada Research Chair at the University of Calgary, known for the CAMELS data set and the FUSE and SUMMA modeling frameworks.
Martyn Poliakoff
Sir Martyn Poliakoff is a British chemist at the University of Nottingham who pioneered supercritical fluids as cleaner solvents and fronts the Periodic Table of Videos.
Marvin Chodorow
Marvin Chodorow (1913–2005) was an American applied physicist at Stanford University whose klystron research raised microwave power from watts to megawatts, powering the SLAC accelerator.
Marvin L. Cohen
Marvin L. Cohen is an American theoretical condensed matter physicist at UC Berkeley, known for pseudopotential methods that predict materials' properties before they are made in a laboratory.
Marvin Leonard Goldberger
Marvin Leonard Goldberger, known as Murph Goldberger, was an American theoretical physicist who worked on dispersion relations and scattering theory and led Caltech from 1978 to 1987.
Mary Anning
Mary Anning (1799–1847) was an English fossil collector and palaeontologist whose finds in the Jurassic cliffs at Lyme Regis, Dorset, included the first complete ichthyosaur and plesiosaur skeletons.
Mary B. Chan‐Park
Mary B. Chan-Park (Chan Bee Eng, Mary) is a Singapore-based materials chemist at Nanyang Technological University known for antimicrobial polymers, hydrogels, and carbon nanotube composites.
Mary Beth Wilhelm
Mary Beth Wilhelm is an American astrobiologist at NASA Ames Research Center who studies how biomarkers survive on Mars and received a 2025 PECASE award.
Mary Cartwright
Dame Mary Lucy Cartwright was a British mathematician known for work on complex function theory and, with J. E. Littlewood, an early discovery of chaos in the forced van der Pol equation.
Mary Catherine Hill
Mary Catherine Hill is an American hydrologist and University of Kansas professor who spent 33 years at the USGS developing MODFLOW, the world's most widely used groundwater model.
Mary Celine Fasenmyer
Mary Celine Fasenmyer was an American mathematician and Sister of Mercy whose 1946 University of Michigan dissertation introduced Sister Celine's method, a mechanical procedure underlying computerized proofs of hypergeometric identities.
Mary K. Gaillard
Mary K. Gaillard (1939–2025) was an American theoretical particle physicist whose prediction of the charm quark's mass helped establish the Standard Model; she joined UC Berkeley's physics faculty in 1981 as its first woman.
Mary L. Good
Mary L. Good (Mary Lowe Good, 1931–2019) was an American inorganic chemist who led industrial research at AlliedSignal and served as Under Secretary of Commerce for Technology.
Mary Lou Zoback
Mary Lou Zoback is an American geophysicist and seismologist known for the World Stress Map, a 28-year USGS career, and election to the National Academy of Sciences in 1995.
Mary Somerville
Mary Somerville was a Scottish science writer and polymath who studied mathematics and astronomy, and in 1835 became one of the first female Honorary Members of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Mary the Jewess
Mary the Jewess, also Maria Hebraea or Maria the Prophetess, was an alchemist of Roman Egypt credited with the water bath, the tribikos still, and the kerotakis.