edgepedia

Physical world and mathematics

42,772 articles

Narayan Pradhan

Narayan Pradhan (born 1972) is an Indian nanomaterials scientist, School Chair and Senior Professor at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, working on semiconductor nanocrystals and halide perovskites.

Narayana number

The Narayana numbers, named for the Canadian mathematician T. V. Narayana, form a symmetric triangular array counting Dyck paths with k peaks; row sums give the Catalan numbers.

Narcissistic number

A narcissistic number, also called an Armstrong number, is a number equal to the sum of its digits each raised to the number of digits, like 153.

Narendra Karmarkar

Narendra Karmarkar is an Indian mathematician who proposed the 1984 interior-point algorithm for linear programming at AT&T Bell Laboratories, reported as far faster than the simplex method.

Narinder Singh Kapany (ਨਰਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਕਪਾਨੀ)

Narinder Singh Kapany, also known as Narinder Kapany, was an Indian-American physicist known as the father of fiber optics who demonstrated image transmission through fiber bundles in 1954.

Naringin

Naringin is a flavanone glycoside of naringenin found mostly in grapefruit, pummelo, and sour orange. It is the main bitter component of grapefruit juice and is removed commercially by the enzyme naringinase.

Narrative analysis

Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method that examines people's stories as whole units, rather than fragmenting them into codes, to identify their structure, content, and meaning.

Narrative inquiry

Narrative inquiry is a qualitative research methodology that collects and analyzes people's stories to understand how they experience events, named by Connelly and Clandinin in 1990 and used mainly in education and nursing.

Narrative interview

A narrative interview is a qualitative research method, developed by Fritz Schütze in 1977, in which the participant tells an uninterrupted story instead of answering questions.

Narrative review

A narrative review is a literature review that synthesizes published research through expert judgment and discursive argument, without a pre-specified protocol, reproducible search, or formal quality appraisal.

Narrative synthesis

Narrative synthesis is a systematic review method that summarizes findings from multiple studies in words rather than statistical pooling, used in about a third of health reviews.

Narrow band photometry

Narrow band photometry is an observational astronomy technique that measures an object's brightness through a filter passing only a small wavelength range, separating emission-line flux from the continuum.

Narrow-line region

The narrow-line region is the outer part of an active galactic nucleus, beyond the dust sublimation radius, where sparse gas moving a few hundred km/s emits narrow lines.

Narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy

A narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy, abbreviated NLS1 or NLSy1, is an active galactic nucleus with unusually narrow broad emission lines, defined by Osterbrock and Pogge in 1985.

Naruki Hiranuma

Naruki Hiranuma is a Japanese-born atmospheric scientist and associate professor at West Texas A&M University who studies ice nucleation and aerosol-cloud-climate interactions and received a 2025 PECASE.

NASA Ames Research Center

NASA Ames Research Center is a research and development center of NASA at Moffett Field in California's Silicon Valley, founded in 1939 as a NACA laboratory.

Nash cascade

The Nash cascade is a hydrological model proposed by J. E. Nash in 1957 that routes rainfall through a series of linear reservoirs to derive the instantaneous unit hydrograph.

Nash equilibrium

The Nash equilibrium is a game theory solution concept formulated by John Nash in 1950, where no player can improve their payoff by changing strategy alone.

Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient

The Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient, or NSE, is a hydrology metric introduced by Nash and Sutcliffe in 1970 that measures how well simulated streamflow matches observations.

NASICON

NASICON (sodium superionic conductor), also written NaSICON, is a family of crystalline solid electrolytes first reported in 1976 by Goodenough at MIT, now used as solid electrolytes and cathodes in sodium batteries.

Nasser Peyghambarian

Nasser Peyghambarian is an optical scientist at the University of Arizona known for photorefractive polymers, updatable holographic 3-D telepresence displays, and fiber lasers, elected a National Academy of Inventors Fellow in 2016.

Nat (unit)

The nat, also called the natural unit of information, is the information unit computed with the natural logarithm; one nat equals about 1.44 bits, and IEC 80000-13 standardizes it.

Natal kick

A natal kick is the velocity a neutron star or black hole receives at birth, most often in a core-collapse supernova, sometimes exceeding 1000 km per second.

Natalia Shustova

Natalia B. Shustova is a chemist who holds the Fred M. Weissman Palmetto Professor chair at the University of South Carolina, known for pioneering the photophysics of metal–organic frameworks.

Natalka

Natalka (Наталка) is a large orogenic gold deposit and open-pit mine in the Magadan Region of the Russian Far East, discovered in 1942 and operated by PJSC Polyus through Polyus Magadan.

Natamycin

Natamycin (pimaricin, E235) is a polyene macrolide antifungal from Streptomyces natalensis, used as a food preservative for cheese and sausage surfaces and as Natacyn, the 5% ophthalmic suspension for fungal keratitis.

Natasha Hurley-Walker

Natasha Hurley-Walker is an Australian radio astrophysicist at the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, who discovered the long-period radio transients and led the GLEAM survey.

Nate Silver

Nate Silver, also known as Nathaniel Read Silver, is an American statistician and writer who founded FiveThirtyEight in 2008 and made election forecasting a fixture of political coverage.

Nathalie A. Cabrol

Nathalie A. Cabrol, born 1963, is a French American astrobiologist who directs the Carl Sagan Center at the SETI Institute and studies impact crater lakes on Mars as candidate habitats.

Nathan C. Gianneschi

Nathan C. Gianneschi is an Australian-born chemist and the Jacob & Rosaline Cohn Professor at Northwestern University, working on programmable polymeric nanomaterials and enzyme-responsive drug delivery.