228 articles
Laguna (province)
Laguna is a CALABARZON province south of Metro Manila, capital Santa Cruz, population 3,687,345 (2024). The Philippines' top provincial economy (Php1.08 trillion GDP, 2024) on Laguna de Bay.
Lampung
Lampung, an Indonesian province at the southeastern tip of Sumatra, capital Bandar Lampung; created 18 March 1964 (Law 14/1964) from the Lampung Residency of South Sumatra; population 9.53 million (SUPAS 2025).
Lao Cai
Lao Cai (Lào Cai), mountainous Vietnamese province on the China border, gateway to Sapa; merged with Yen Bai province on 1 July 2025 into a new Lao Cai province of 13,256.92 km² and about 1.78 million people.
Luang Prabang Province
Luang Prabang Province (ຫຼວງພະບາງ), northern Laos; 12 districts, about 461,439 people (2021); home to UNESCO World Heritage town of Luang Prabang, Lan Xang royal capital, tourism-driven economy, and contested Mekong dam.
Maguindanao del Sur
Maguindanao del Sur, a Philippine province in BARMM, central Mindanao, created when Maguindanao split under RA 11550, ratified by the September 17, 2022 plebiscite; capital Buluan, 24 municipalities, 813,243 people (2024).
Malacca
Malacca (Melaka), Malaysia: historic state and city on the Strait of Malacca, seat of the 1400s Malay sultanate, later Portuguese, Dutch, and British port, UNESCO World Heritage site since 2008.
Maluku
Maluku (Moluccas, Spice Islands) is an Indonesian province in the east with capital Ambon, split from North Maluku in 1999; over 90% water, fisheries-driven economy, 5.31% growth in 2026, poverty 15.38%.
Mimaropa
Mimaropa (MIMAROPA), Philippines' Region IV-B, an archipelagic administrative region of Occidental and Oriental Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, and Palawan; 3,245,446 residents in the 2024 census, 16th of 18 regions.
Misamis Oriental
Misamis Oriental is a province on northern Mindanao, Philippines, in Northern Mindanao (Region X), created by Act No. 3537 in 1929. Its capital, Cagayan de Oro, is an independent highly urbanized city; the province has 23 municipalities, two cities, and a 2024 population of 988,065.
Mon State (မွန်ပြည်နယ်)
Mon State (မွန်ပြည်နယ်) is a southeastern Myanmar state, capital Mawlamyine, 12,296 km2, 10 townships, 1.95 million people, created in 1974, a major rubber producer, and affected by conflict and displacement since 2021.
Negeri Sembilan
Negeri Sembilan, a Malaysian state on the peninsula's west-central coast with capital Seremban, is defined by Minangkabau Adat Perpatih custom, an elective Yang di-Pertuan Besar chosen by four Undang, 1.2 million people, and a services-led RM55.8 billion economy.
Negros Occidental
Negros Occidental is a Philippine province on the northwestern half of Negros Island, capital Bacolod City, known as the Sugarbowl of the Philippines; created January 1, 1890, now in the Negros Island Region under RA 12000 (2024).
Negros Oriental
Negros Oriental: Philippine province on the eastern half of Negros island, capital Dumaguete; created January 1, 1890; 1.49 million people (2024); part of the Negros Island Region since 2024.
Ninh Binh
Ninh Binh (Ninh Bình), Vietnamese province formed 1 July 2025 by merging Ha Nam, Nam Dinh, and Ninh Binh; 3,942.6 km2, capital Ninh Binh city, home to Hoa Lu ancient capital and Trang An UNESCO site.
North Kalimantan
North Kalimantan (Kalimantan Utara, Kaltara), Indonesian province created 2012 from East Kalimantan by Law 20/2012; capital Tanjung Selor; borders Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia; five regencies/city, population about 700,000, coal, aluminum, and pulp economy.
North Maluku
North Maluku (Maluku Utara), Indonesian province created 1999 from Maluku, capital Sofifi, ~900 islands with Halmahera largest; nickel downstreaming at IWIP drives 13.73-19.64% growth.
North Sumatra
North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara), Indonesian province with capital Medan, established 15 April 1948; 14.8 million people (2020), 25 regencies and 8 cities; Aceh separated in 1956; home to Lake Toba caldera.
Nueva Ecija
Nueva Ecija: landlocked Central Luzon province, Philippines, the 'Rice Granary of the Philippines'. Capital Palayan City; largest city Cabanatuan. 2,395,816 people (2024), 5 cities, 27 municipalities, 5,689.69 km².
Nueva Vizcaya
Nueva Vizcaya, a landlocked first-class province in Cagayan Valley, Philippines, capital Bayombong; created 1839, named after Spain's Biscay; 15 municipalities, 530,106 people (2024), PhP 67.24 billion GDP in 2025.
Occidental Mindoro
Occidental Mindoro, a Philippine province in MIMAROPA occupying western Mindoro Island, capital Mamburao, created 1950 by Republic Act No. 505; 11 municipalities, land area 5,879.85 sq km, population 511,417 (2024 census).
Oriental Mindoro
Oriental Mindoro, eastern half of Mindoro island in MIMAROPA, Philippines; capital Calapan; created 1950 by RA 505; 919,504 people (2024), 4,364.72 sq km, home of the endemic tamaraw and seven Mangyan tribes.
Pahang (ڤهڠ)
Pahang (ڤهڠ), Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia's largest Peninsular state (35,965 km², 11 districts), capital Kuantan; population 1.68 million (2025); former Federated Malay State with RM3.184 billion flood mitigation program.
Palawan
Palawan: largest Philippine province by land area (about 1.5 million hectares), a 1,768-island archipelagic province in MIMAROPA; UNESCO Biosphere Reserve since 1990; economy of agriculture, fisheries, ecotourism, mining; 2021 plebiscite kept it one province.
Pampanga
Pampanga is a province in Central Luzon, Philippines, capital City of San Fernando; 2,586,446 residents (2024, excluding Angeles City), 2 cities, 19 municipalities; fastest-growing Central Luzon province at 1.43 percent annual growth.
Pangasinan
Pangasinan, a province of the Philippines on west central Luzon (capital Lingayen), name means "where salt is made." 4 cities, 44 municipalities; 3,188,540 people (2024); ₱408.45-billion economy in 2025, 53.1% of Ilocos Region output.
Papua (province)
Papua is an Indonesian province on western New Guinea, capital Jayapura; after the 2022 division it retained the north coast and borders Papua New Guinea.
Penang
Penang (Pulau Pinang), Malaysian state of Penang Island and Seberang Perai; founded by Francis Light in 1786, first Straits Settlements capital, George Town UNESCO site since 2008, semiconductor and heritage hub.
Perak
Perak (Perak Darul Ridzuan) is a west-coast Malaysian state, capital Ipoh, population about 2.5 million. Sultanate founded 1528; Pangkor Treaty 1874 began British rule; services-led economy, 5.7% GDP growth in 2025.
Perlis
Perlis (Perlis Indera Kayangan), Malaysia's smallest state at the Thai border, capital Kangar; former Siamese vassal transferred to Britain by the 1909 Bangkok Treaty; known for Gua Kelam, Harumanis mango, Padang Besar duty-free zone.
Phetchabun
Phetchabun (เพชรบูรณ์), a lower-northern Thai province on the Pa Sak River with about 960,000 residents, 11 districts, Khao Kho mountain scenery, and the UNESCO-listed ancient town of Si Thep (2023).