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Cueva de los Tayos
Cueva de los Tayos, the Cave of the Oilbirds, is a large cave system in Morona Santiago, Ecuador, near the Coangos River, with a 65-meter entrance shaft, Shuar guardians, and the unproven 1969 metallic-library claim investigated by the 1976 British-Ecuadorian expedition joined by Neil Armstrong.
Cueva Grande
Cueva Grande, Spanish for Big Cave, is an archaeological zone of cliff dwellings in the Sierra Madre Occidental near Madera, Chihuahua, Mexico, administered by INAH as part of the Cuarenta Casas settlement.
Culebra, Puerto Rico
Culebra (Isla Culebra) is an island municipality of Puerto Rico, 17 miles east of the main island, with about 1,735 residents, a 1909 national wildlife refuge, a former Navy training ground, and ferry and air links via Ceiba.
Cultural Landscape of Maymand
Cultural Landscape of Maymand (منظر فرهنگی میمند), UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2015 in Kerman Province, Iran: a troglodytic village of about 400 kicheh cave dwellings in kamar rock, home to some 70 families practicing three-phase transhumance.
Cumbal
Cumbal, also known as Nevado de Cumbal, is a glacier-capped stratovolcano in Nariño, Colombia, rising to 4,764 m and the country's southernmost historically active volcano.
Cumberland Gap
Cumberland Gap, a 1,304-foot natural pass at the Kentucky-Tennessee-Virginia junction, was the main gateway west; Daniel Boone's 1775 Wilderness Road carried 200,000-300,000 settlers through it, now within a 24,531-acre national historical park.
Cumberland Mountains
Cumberland Mountains: Appalachian belt in West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee, part of the Appalachian Plateaus province, about 130 miles long and 20 miles wide, defined by the Pine Mountain fault and Cumberland Gap.
Cumberland Peninsula
Cumberland Peninsula, southeastern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada, near 66.5N 65W; a late Mesozoic rift-flank peninsula with low-relief high-elevation topography, shaped by Cretaceous uplift, differential erosion, and glaciation.
Cumberland Plateau
Cumberland Plateau: southern section of the Appalachian Plateaus province, a flat-topped dissected tableland of Pennsylvanian sandstone and coal across Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama, rising over 1,000 feet above adjacent regions.
Curaçao
Curaçao (Kòrsou), southern Caribbean island and autonomous country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands since 2010; Dutch since 1634, slave-trade hub, oil refinery, tourism-led economy, UNESCO Willemstad, population 158,006 in 2026.
Curtis Island (island)
Curtis Island: large Queensland continental island east of Gladstone in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area; third largest of its kind, with 35,600+ ha of protected areas and three LNG plants on its south-west coast.
Cuverville Island
Cuverville Island: Antarctic island in the Errera Channel, Graham Land, charted by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition in 1898; home to the Antarctic Peninsula's largest gentoo penguin colony and a heavily managed tourist landing site.
Cuvette Centrale
Cuvette Centrale, central Congo Basin depression (bassin du Congo): flat ~300 m wetland region in DRC and Republic of Congo holding Earth's largest tropical peatland complex, ~145,500 km², storing 30.6 PgC since ~10,600 years ago.
Cyclades (Κυκλάδες)
Cyclades (Κυκλάδες): dense Greek island cluster in the central Aegean, part of the South Aegean region. Home to sacred Delos, seat of the Delian League; today defined by metamorphic geology, Santorini and Mykonos tourism, and water scarcity.
D'Urville Island
D'Urville Island is the name of two islands honoring French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville: one in New Zealand's Marlborough Sounds, one off the Antarctic Peninsula.
Daba Mountains
Daba Mountains (Daba Shan, 大巴山; Bashan), a central Chinese range from the Jialing River to the Wudang Mountains, the Qinling orogen's southern foreland fold-and-thrust belt and China's subtropical/warm-temperate divide.
Dabie Mountains
Dabie Mountains (大别山), range at the Anhui-Hubei-Henan junction, watershed of the Yangtze and Huai rivers; highest peak Baimajian 1,777 m; core of the world's largest ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt formed by Triassic North China-Yangtze collision.
Dahlak Archipelago
Dahlak Archipelago (Dehalak): about 220 islands off Massawa, Eritrea, in the southern Red Sea; salt-diapir coral islands, Dahlak Kebir largest at 64,500 ha, famed for pearl diving, seabird colonies, early Islamic ruins, and a proposed marine national park.
Daitō Islands
Daitō Islands (大東諸島), Daito Islands, three uplifted coral atolls of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, about 360 km east of Okinawa Island; settled from Hachijo in 1900, sugarcane and phosphate plantation history, population about 2,100.
Dall Island
Dall Island, Alaska: island in the Alexander Archipelago west of Prince of Wales Island, 275 sq mi, named for explorer William Healey Dall; 105,780-acre Tongass roadless area near Cape Muzon.
Dallol Maouri
Dallol Maouri, also called Maouri Dallol, is a fossil tributary valley of the Niger River in southwestern Niger and Ramsar site no. 1381 (318,966 ha, designated 26 April 2004), known for Borassus and Hyphaene palm groves, seasonal mares, and salt extraction.
Dalou Mountains
Dalou Mountains (大娄山), NE-SW range in northern Guizhou and Chongqing, watershed of Chishui and Wujiang rivers, boundary of Guizhou Plateau and Sichuan Basin; about 300 km long, highest peak Jinfo Mountain 2,251 m.
Dampier Peninsula
Dampier Peninsula (Dampierland), Kimberley, Western Australia: peninsula north of Broome between the Indian Ocean and King Sound, home to Bardi, Jawi, Nyul Nyul and other groups, with pindan soils, pearling heritage and Cape Leveque at its tip.
Danakil Depression
The Danakil Depression is a low-lying rift basin in northeastern Ethiopia, one of Africa's lowest land areas, known for its hyperacidic springs and Erta Ale volcano.
Danakil Desert
Danakil Desert, hyperarid hot desert of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti centered on the Danakil Depression, an active Afar triple-junction rift trough 125 m below sea level with salt flats, Dallol acid springs, Erta Ale lava lake, and the Afar salt trade.
Danco Coast
Danco Coast (Costa Danco, Terre de Danco): stretch of the west Antarctic Peninsula coast between Cape Sterneck and Cape Renard, explored in 1898 by de Gerlache's Belgian expedition and named for geophysicist Émile Danco, who died aboard the Belgica.
Danger Islands
The Danger Islands are a group of small, largely ice-free Antarctic islands southeast of Joinville Island, home to one of Antarctica's largest Adélie penguin populations.
Dângrêk Mountains
The Dângrêk Mountains (Khmer: ជួរភ្នំដងរែក, Thai: ทิวเขาพนมดงรัก) are a low range along the Thailand–Cambodia border, its steep southern escarpment forming the watershed boundary and once crossed by Khmer Empire roads.
Dannebrog Islands
Dannebrog Islands (Îles Dannebrog, Islas Dannebrog), small islands NW of Booth Island in the north Wilhelm Archipelago, Graham Coast, Antarctica, at 65°02'S 64°06'W; named 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition after the Danish flag.
Dansketinden (Stauning Alper)
Dansketinden, highest peak of the Stauning Alps in East Greenland near Alpefjord; elevations reported from 2,741 to 2,930 m; first climbed 5 August 1954 by Swiss mountaineers.