Landforms and terrestrial features

Hang Sơn Đoòng

Hang Sơn Đoòng (Son Doong Cave, "mountain river cave") in Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park, Vietnam, is the world's largest cave passage: about 200 m high, 150 m wide, over 9 km surveyed, 38.5 million m³ volume, found by Hồ Khanh in 1990 and surveyed by British cavers in 2009-2010.

Hanging Rock, Victoria

Hanging Rock (Ngannelong) is a Late Miocene soda-trachyte volcanic mamelon near Woodend in Victoria's Macedon Ranges, sacred to the Wurundjeri, Djaara, and Taungurung, a heritage-listed reserve, and the setting of Picnic at Hanging Rock.

Hanging valley

Hanging valley: a glacial tributary valley left above the floor of a deeper U-shaped main valley, its stream entering as a waterfall; classic examples include Bridalveil and Yosemite Falls in Yosemite National Park.

Hans Island

Hans Island (Tartupaluk, Hans Ø), a 1.2 km² barren Arctic island in Nares Strait's Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland, was disputed by Canada and Denmark from 1973 until a 2022 treaty split it along a natural ridge, ending the Whisky War.

Haramosh

Haramosh, also known as Haramosh Peak or Peak 58, is a 7,397-meter Karakoram mountain in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, east of Gilgit, first climbed in 1958 by an Austrian team.

Harry Island

Harry Island (Isla Enrique, Île Harry) is a small icecapped island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica, north of Spallanzani Point, Brabant Island, discovered by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition 1897-1899 and named for journalist Gérard Harry.

Harz

Harz: Germany's northernmost mountain range (~2,000 km², Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia), highest peak Brocken 1,141 m; historic non-ferrous mining, Rammelsberg and Upper Harz Water Management UNESCO sites, Harz National Park.

Hasa Plain

Hasa Plain (سهول الأحساء), low eastern Saudi Arabian plain, 130–160 m elevation, home of the Al-Ahsa oasis, 2.5 million palms, 280 artesian springs, and groundwater depletion.

Hashima Island (端島)

Hashima (端島, Gunkanjima, Battleship Island) is an abandoned 6.3-hectare undersea coal mining island off Nagasaki, Japan, mined by Mitsubishi 1890-1974, peaking at 5,259 residents, a UNESCO World Heritage site contested over Korean forced labor.

Hatteras Island

Hatteras Island, a roughly 50-mile barrier island in North Carolina's Outer Banks within Cape Hatteras National Seashore, the first US national seashore. Served only by NC Highway 12, it is geologically young, storm-shaped, and eroding.

Hauberg Mountains

Hauberg Mountains: mountains in Palmer Land, Antarctica, at 75°52'S 69°15'W, rising to about 1,450 m; seen from the air by the Ronne expedition in 1947 and named for John Henry Hauberg of Rock Island, Illinois.

Haute Cime: Dents du Midi

Haute Cime (3,257 m), also la Haute-Cime, is the highest and westernmost of the seven Dents du Midi summits in Valais, Switzerland; first climbed in 1784 by Jean-Maurice Clément, reached by a T4 hike from Col de Susanfe.

Havre Mountains

Havre Mountains, mountain group in NW Alexander Island, Antarctica, also called Massif Le Havre, Monte Havre, Le Havre Montes; rises to about 1,900 m between Cape Vostok and Russian Gap; named by Charcot's 1908-10 expedition after the French port Le Havre.

Hawaii (island)

Hawaii Island (the Big Island) is the largest Hawaiian island, 4,028 sq mi, formed by five volcanoes including active Mauna Loa and Kilauea above the Hawaiian hot spot.

Hawaiian Islands

Hawaiian Islands: volcanic archipelago in the North Pacific, also called the Sandwich Islands, formed as the Pacific Plate moves over the Hawaiian hot spot; eight main islands, 6,100 km Hawaiian–Emperor chain, age-progressive volcanoes.

Hawar Islands

Hawar Islands: Bahraini archipelago of over 30 desert islands in the Gulf of Salwah, 26 km from Bahrain, awarded to Bahrain by the ICJ in 2001 after a Qatar dispute; Ramsar site, dugong habitat, and eco-tourism resort location.

Hawkesbury Island

Hawkesbury Island is an island on the eastern side of Douglas Channel, south of Kitimat, British Columbia, named by Captain Vancouver after Baron Hawkesbury (Charles Jenkinson); surrounded by Douglas Channel, Devastation Channel, and Verney Passage.

Hayes

Hayes Volcano, an ice-covered, eroded lava-dome cluster in Alaska's Tordrillo Mountains, the northernmost Aleutian Arc volcano; unrecognized until 1975, with large prehistoric Plinian eruptions and a USGS high-threat rating.

Hayling Island

Hayling Island: inhabited barrier island on the Hampshire coast between Langstone and Chichester Harbours, joined to the mainland only by the A3023 bridge; known for Eastoke beach management, the Hayling Billy railway, and as windsurfing's birthplace.

He/She Devil

He Devil and She Devil are twin summits in Idaho's Seven Devils Mountains near Hells Canyon. A 2023 GPS survey found She Devil higher by about 3 inches, making it the range's ultra-prominent peak.

Headland

Headland: a high, steep-faced promontory of resistant rock jutting into the sea, also called a head or cape. Formed by differential erosion, it concentrates wave energy, spawns caves, arches, and stacks, and bounds embayed beaches and sediment cells.

Heard

Heard Island, the main island of the Australian external territory Heard Island and McDonald Islands, is a sub-Antarctic volcanic island dominated by the active 2,745 m Big Ben (Mawson Peak), about 70 percent glacier-covered, uninhabited, World Heritage-listed, and erupting intermittently since 1910.

Hearst Island (landform)

Hearst Island, also recorded historically as Hearst Land and Wilkins Island, is an ice-covered, dome-shaped Antarctic island off the east coast of Palmer Land, 36 mi long, rising to 365 m, sighted by Hubert Wilkins in 1928.

Hebrides

The Hebrides (Innse Gall), over 500 islands off western Scotland in two groups, Inner and Outer, separated by the Minch; gneissic Outer islands, Tertiary volcanic Inner islands, Norse-Gaelic heritage, ferry-dependent economy.

Heilinpu Formation

Heilinpu Formation (formerly Qiongzhusi Formation), Lower Cambrian unit in Yunnan, China, with Shiyantou and Yu'anshan members; hosts the Chengjiang Biota soft-bodied fossils in the Yu'anshan Member, 520-516 Ma.

Hejaz Mountains

The Hejaz Mountains, also spelled Hijaz, are a mountain range in the western highlands of Saudi Arabia, rising to a highest peak of 2,393 m at Mount Wirqan.

Helena Island

Helena Island: uninhabited island of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada, at 76.65 N, 101.07 W, elevation 117 m; distinct from St Helena (South Atlantic) and St. Helena Island, South Carolina.

Helictite

A helictite is a curving speleothem, or cave formation, that grows sideways and upward in apparent defiance of gravity, fed by water seeping through a tiny central canal.

Heligoland

Heligoland (Helgoland) is a German North Sea archipelago about 60 km offshore: a 1.0 km² red sandstone island plus the Düne. British 1807–1890, German since the Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty, returned 1952.