3,546 articles
Incahuasi, Nevado de
Nevado de Incahuasi (Quechua: House of the Inca) is a 6,638 m complex stratovolcano on the Chile-Argentina border, ENE of Ojos del Salado; no Holocene eruptions are confirmed, and it anchors the Incahuasi volcanic cluster and mafic field.
Indira Point
Indira Point, formerly Pygmalion Point, is the southernmost point of India on Great Nicobar Island, marked by a 1972 lighthouse that subsided 4.25 m in the 2004 earthquake and tsunami.
Indra Sabha
The Indra Sabha (Cave 32) is the largest and most elaborate two-storeyed Jain rock-cut temple at Ellora, Maharashtra, and it was excavated during the 9th century.
Ingrid Christensen Coast
The Ingrid Christensen Coast is a section of the coast of Princess Elizabeth Land in East Antarctica, named after Ingrid Christensen, wife of Norwegian whaler Lars Christensen.
Inierie
Inierie (Gunung Inierie, Rokka Peak) is Indonesia's highest volcano on Flores island, a 2,245 m symmetrical stratovolcano near Bajawa; last known eruption 8050 BCE at Wolo Bobo, with fumarolic plumes and hot springs.
Inishowen
Inishowen (Inis Eoghain) is Ireland's largest peninsula, in northern County Donegal, bounded by Lough Foyle, Lough Swilly, and the Atlantic; it holds Malin Head, the mainland's northernmost point, and anchors the Wild Atlantic Way's northern end.
Inner Hebrides
The Inner Hebrides are a Scottish west-coast archipelago including Skye, Mull, Islay, Jura, Coll, Tiree and Iona, shaped by Norse settlement from about 800 to 1300 over a Gaelic Dalriada base, served mainly by CalMac ferries from Oban and Mallaig.
Inner Mongolia Endorheic Basins
Inner Mongolia Endorheic Basins, FEOW ecoregion 621, Palearctic xeric endorheic basins of the Gobi Desert in southern Mongolia and northern China, bounded by the Altai, Qilian, and Greater Khingan ranges, with desert-adapted isolated fish fauna and shrinking salt lakes.
Inselberg
An inselberg, also called a kopje or monadnock, is an isolated, steep-sided hill rising abruptly from a surrounding plain, a term coined by Wilhelm Bornhardt in 1900.
Interdune trough
Interdune trough: the flat, elongate low area between adjacent dunes in a dune complex; when wind-eroded through a vegetated coastal foredune it forms a trough blowout with jet airflow, deflation basin, and downwind depositional lobe.
Interfluve
An interfluve is the higher ground between two adjacent river or stream valleys, which separates the valleys and directs surface water toward one channel or the other.
International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers
IANTD (International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers), founded 1985 as IAND by Dick Rutkowski, is a technical diving certification agency offering nitrox, trimix, cave, and rebreather training in over 60 countries; first nitrox certification, 1985.
International Congress of Speleology
The International Congress of Speleology is the world congress of cave science, organized every four years by the International Union of Speleology, first held in Paris in 1953.
International Journal of Speleology
International Journal of Speleology (IJS), official journal of the Union Internationale de Spéléologie since 1978, founded 1964; double-blind peer-reviewed open-access journal on karst and cave science, published by Società Speleologica Italiana, hosted by the University of South Florida, ISSNs 0392-6672 and 1827-806X.
International Union of Speleology
International Union of Speleology (Union Internationale de Spéléologie, UIS), non-profit NGO for caving and cave science founded 16 September 1965 in Ljubljana; office in Postojna, Slovenia; 57 member countries; congresses every four years.
Iona
Iona, a small Inner Hebrides island off Mull, Scotland, site of the monastery founded by St Columba in AD 563, birthplace of Scottish Christianity, later a Benedictine abbey, burial place of early Scottish kings, and home of the Iona Community.
Ionian Islands
Ionian Islands (Heptanese): Greek island group off the country's west coast in the Ionian Sea, 2,300 km², about 210,000 people. Ruled by Venice, France, and Britain (United States of the Ionian Islands) before union with Greece in 1864.
Irazu
Irazu (Irazú), highest volcano in Costa Rica at 3,432–3,436 m, an active stratovolcano east of San José; explosive eruptions in 1723, 1917–1940, 1963–65, and 1977, with two mixing magma batches.
Ireland
Ireland: large North Atlantic island west of Great Britain, divided between the Republic of Ireland and UK-administered Northern Ireland; 7.1 million people (2022), 70,000 km², temperate oceanic climate, ancient Iapetus-Ocean geology.
Iron Gates
The Iron Gates (Djerdap, Portile de Fier) is a 130 km Danube gorge on the Serbia-Romania border, Europe's deepest river stretch, site of Lepenski Vir, a Roman limes sector, and the Iron Gates I and II dams (1964-1984).
Isabela Island
Isabela Island, historically Albemarle Island, is the largest island of Ecuador's Galápagos archipelago: 4,670 km², formed by six shield volcanoes including Wolf (1,707 m), home to Puerto Villamil, giant tortoises, and Project Isabela's goat eradication.
Isachsen Mountain
Isachsen Mountain, also known as Isachsenfjella, is a mountain in the Sør Rondane Mountains of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, mapped in 1957 and named for explorer Gunnerius Isachsen.
Isanotski Peaks
Isanotski Peaks, locally known as Ragged Jack, is a deeply eroded, ice-covered stratovolcano on Unimak Island in the eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, among the chain's highest peaks.
Isarog
Mount Isarog: andesitic stratovolcano, 1,966 m, Camarines Sur, SE Luzon, Philippines; PHIVOLCS potentially active, GVP 273042, last eruption 3500 BCE, Holocene pyroclastic flows and a 6–8 km³ debris avalanche.
Ischia
Ischia (Pithecoussai/Pithecusae) is a 46 km2 volcanic resurgent caldera island in the Gulf of Naples with 786 m Mount Epomeo, thermal spas, shallow damaging earthquakes (1883, 2017), and the oldest Greek settlement in the western Mediterranean.
Isla Ángel de la Guarda
Isla Ángel de la Guarda (Archangel Island) is an uninhabited volcanic island in the Gulf of California, Mexico, the Gulf's second largest at 936 km², separated from Baja California by the Canal de las Ballenas, reaching 1,318 m, with endemic reptiles and protected status.
Isla Benjamín
Isla Benjamín (Benjamin Island, Île Benjamin) is a 618 km² trapezoid-shaped island at the north of the Chonos Archipelago, Aysén Region, Chile, near Cisnes, mapped by Chile's IGM and surrounded by salmon aquaculture sectors.
Isla Campana
Isla Campana (Campana Island) is a 1,188 km² uninhabited island in Tortel commune, Capitán Prat province, Aysén, Chile, in the Guayeco Archipelago channels; first described by Ladrillero in 1557, partly within Katalalixar National Reserve. Distinct from Panama and Bolivia namesakes.
Isla Capitán Aracena
Isla Capitán Aracena (Aracena Island), an island of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago in Chile's Magallanes Region at 54°7′31″S, 71°25′17″W, elevation 231 m, in the western Strait of Magellan with salmon farms and the Capitán Aracena ophiolitic complex.
Isla Clarence
Isla Clarence (Clarence Island, Chile): island of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago in Chile's Magallanes Region, south of Brunswick Peninsula between the Strait of Magellan, Bárbara, and Cockburn Channels; within Kawésqar National Park; distinct from the Antarctic Clarence Island.