Landforms and terrestrial features

Longs Peak

Longs Peak, 14,259 ft, highest summit of Rocky Mountain National Park and northernmost Colorado fourteener; its Class 3 Keyhole Route (14.5 mi, 5,100 ft gain) was first climbed in 1868 by John Wesley Powell.

Lonquimay

Lonquimay, active Chilean stratovolcano in the Southern Andean Volcanic Zone, 2,832 m, SE of Tolguaca; its 1988-90 Navidad cone eruption lasted 13 months, extruded ~150 million cubic meters of lava, and prompted evacuations.

Looe Island

Looe Island, also called St George's Island, is a 22-acre tidal island in Looe Bay, Cornwall, managed by Cornwall Wildlife Trust as the county's only marine nature reserve, with a medieval St Michael chapel, smuggling history, and restricted boat-trip access.

Lookout Mountain

Lookout Mountain names several US features: a 2,100-foot Civil War ridge over Chattanooga, a 7,377-foot Colorado Front Range foothill, a Long Valley Caldera rhyolite volcano, a Mammoth Cave breakdown viewpoint, and a Maine summit.

Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands

Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands: subtropical volcanic island groups in the southwest Pacific (29°S–31°S) with the world's southernmost coral reefs, high endemism, and large Australian marine parks.

Lord Howe Island

Lord Howe Island: volcanic Tasman Sea island 570 km east of Port Macquarie, NSW; World Heritage since 1982; endemic woodhen and phasmid; rodent eradication in 2019.

Los Alamitos Formation

Los Alamitos Formation: Late Cretaceous (Campanian) fossiliferous formation in the Neuquén Basin, northern Patagonia, Argentina, explored by Bonaparte in the 1980s; famed for diverse non-tribosphenic mammals (dryolestoids, Meridiolestida), dinosaurs, birds, and renewed 2022 and 2025 fieldwork.

Los Angeles Basin

The Los Angeles Basin, also called the LA Basin, is a sedimentary basin in southern California holding up to 10 km of sediment and yielding vast quantities of oil.

Lost river

A lost river is a surface stream in karst terrain, typically limestone, that disappears completely underground through caves or sink points and reemerges as a sizable spring.

Lougheed Island

Lougheed Island, Nunavut, is a 1,308 km2 uninhabited island in the Queen Elizabeth Islands, named by explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson in 1916 after Senator Sir James Lougheed; largest of the Findlay group, under 150 m elevation.

Louis Philippe Plateau

Louis Philippe Plateau: ice-covered plateau in central Trinity Peninsula, Antarctic Peninsula, about 11 by 5 miles, rising to 1,370 m, named via Terre Louis Philippe after King Louis Philippe I.

Louise Island

Louise Island (Antarctica), also Île Louise or Isla Luisa, is a 1 km ice-covered island 2 km east of Cape Anna at the entrance to Wilhelmina Bay, Danco Coast, Graham Land, discovered and named by Adrien de Gerlache's 1897-99 Belgian expedition for his sister.

Louisiade Archipelago

Louisiade Archipelago, island chain in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, southeast of New Guinea; over 80 islands named by Bougainville in 1768 after Louis XV, with Tagula the largest, extensive barrier reefs, high coral diversity, and sea cucumber and shark fin fisheries.

Lovćen

Lovćen (Ловћен) is a karst limestone mountain in southwestern Montenegro between Kotor and Cetinje, highest peak Štirovnik 1,749 m. Its national park (1952, 6,220 ha) holds Njegoš's Meštrović mausoleum on Jezerski vrh.

Lovelock Cave

Lovelock Cave, Nevada: Great Basin archaeological site mined for guano in 1911, excavated 1912 and 1924 by Loud and Harrington; over 10,000 artifacts, 11 ancient tule duck decoys, and a debunked red-haired giants legend.

Low Head

Low Head is a headland on the south-central coast of King George Island in Antarctica, charted in 1937 and now a reference site for Antarctic soil, permafrost, and fossil research.

Low Island

Low Island (Isla Baja, Jameson Island) is the southernmost island of the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 9 by 5 miles, 14 mi SE of Smith Island, known to sealers since 1820, mostly ice-covered with Jurassic-Cretaceous rocks at Cape Wallace.

Löwenstein Formation

Löwenstein Formation (Stubensandstein, Burgsandstein), Middle Keuper, Norian fluvial sandstone-mudstone unit of the Germanic Basin in southern Germany, about 217–212.5 Ma, famous for Plateosaurus bonebeds and Triassic turtles.

Lower Leintwardine Formation

Lower Leintwardine Formation, Leintwardine Group, Ludlow Series: Ludfordian (Silurian) calcareous siltstones of the Welsh Borderland; base defines the Ludfordian GSSP at Sunnyhill Quarry, near Ludlow.

Lower Mortlock Islands - Ettal Atoll

Lower Mortlock Islands - Ettal Atoll, or Ettal (Etal), is a small triangular atoll in the Nomoi (Mortlock) Islands, Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia, at 5°34'N 153°35'E, with a closed lagoon, about 15 islets, and 672 residents in 2010.

Lower Mortlock Islands - Lukunor Atoll

Lower Mortlock Islands - Lukunor Atoll (Nomoi Islands) is a region of Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia: an 18-islet atoll of 2.82 km2 about 264 km southeast of Chuuk, with 1,432 residents, low 3–5 m elevation, and a history of typhoon and high-tide flooding.

Lower Peninsula of Michigan

The Lower Peninsula of Michigan is the state's larger, mitten-shaped peninsula, bounded by Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie and by Indiana and Ohio. It sits atop the Michigan basin, was shaped by Wisconsinan glaciation, and holds about 90 percent of Michigan's population.

Loyalty Islands

The Loyalty Islands (Îles Loyauté) are uplifted coral islands in the southwest Pacific between New Caledonia's main island and Vanuatu, forming one of New Caledonia's three provinces.

Lucania

Lucania: ancient district of southern Italy from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Tarentum, roughly modern Basilicata; named for the Oscan-speaking Lucanians who conquered it c. 420 BC and formed Augustan Regio III with Bruttii.

Lucayan Archipelago

Lucayan Archipelago: the Bahamas and Turks and Caicos islands, a 1,000-km chain of low-lying carbonate platforms in the western Atlantic, named for the extinct Lucayan Taíno people.

Luitpold Coast

Luitpold Coast, also Prinzregent-Luitpold-Land, is the northwest coast of Coats Land, Antarctica, fringed by the Filchner Ice Front between about 76°40'S and 78°00'S. Discovered by Wilhelm Filchner's German expedition in January 1912 and named for Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria.

Lüliang Mountains

Lüliang Mountains (吕梁山), range in western Shanxi on the eastern Loess Plateau, NE–SW trending, highest peak Guandi Shan 2,831 m; semiarid–semihumid transition spanning Hai and Yellow River basins, uplifted since Early Cretaceous.

Lundy

Lundy: granite island in the Bristol Channel, 19 km off North Devon, largest island there; former pirate and smuggler base, National Trust-owned, Landmark Trust-managed, England's first marine nature reserve, rat-free since 2006.

Lunpo Gangri

Lunpo Gangri (Loinbo Kangri, 冷布岗日), 7,095 m ultra-prominent peak in the Gangdise Shan (Kailash Range), Xigaze, Tibet, China; highest peak of the range, glaciated granite mountain with a 1995 Japanese attempt to 6,350 m.