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Mansel Island
Mansel Island, an uninhabited 3,180 km² limestone island in northeastern Hudson Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut; one of three large northern Hudson Bay islands with Southampton and Coats, unoccupied since 1945.
Manson Icefield
Manson Icefield is a mountain icefield on southeast Ellesmere Island in Nunavut, Canada, known for the highest concentration of actively surging glaciers in the Queen Elizabeth Islands.
Maoke Mountains
Maoke Mountains (Pegunungan Maoke, formerly Snow Mountains/Sneeuwgebergte), central range of western New Guinea in Indonesian Papua, about 700 km long, containing the Sudirman and Jayawijaya ranges, Puncak Jaya (4,884 m, highest in Oceania), and rapidly vanishing tropical glaciers.
Maotou Shan
Maotou Shan (马头山, Matou Shan), a mountain in Yunnan, China, at 24°34'13"N 102°09'59"E; a Pu'er peak of 2,857 m. The name also denotes Matoushan in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and Nekomata-yama in Toyama, Japan.
Maquis
Maquis (macchia) is dense evergreen sclerophyllous shrubland of the Mediterranean Basin, taller counterpart of garrigue, akin to chaparral and matorral; a fire-prone, often human-derived degradation stage below woodland.
Maramasike
Maramasike, also called Small Malaita, South Malaita, or Sa'a, is the island at the southern tip of Malaita, Solomon Islands, separated from Malaita by the narrow Maramasike Passage and known for its extensive mangrove ecosystems.
Marapi
Marapi (Gunung Marapi) is a 2,885-m complex stratovolcano in West Sumatra, Indonesia, the island's most active volcano, with over 50 VEI 1-2 eruptions since 1770, magma stored at 15-26 km depth, and a deadly 3 December 2023 eruption; distinct from Java's Merapi.
Marescot Point
Marescot Point (Spanish: Marescot, Cabo) is a low rocky cape projecting north from Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica, 2.5 nautical miles east of Thanaron Point at 63°29′S 58°35′W, near Marescot Ridge and Stubel Hill.
Mariana Islands
The Mariana Islands are a western Pacific island arc split between US territory Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, formed by Pacific Plate subduction along the Mariana Trench, settled by the Chamorro, and colonized by Spain, Germany, Japan, and the United States.
Marina Beach
Marina Beach is Chennai's roughly 12 km urban beach on the Bay of Bengal, India's longest and the world's second longest beach, named by Governor Grant Duff in the 1880s and lined with statues, memorials, and colonial-era landmarks.
Marinduque
Marinduque is a heart-shaped island province in Mimaropa, Philippines, capital Boac, six municipalities, 226,522 people (2024), known for the Moriones Festival and the 1996 Marcopper mine tailings spill.
Marjum Formation
Marjum Formation: Middle Cambrian (Drumian) limestone-shale unit in Utah's House Range, overlying the Wheeler Shale; a Konservat-Lagerstätte with about 145 fossil species including soft-bodied vertebrates, comb jellies, and radiodonts.
Markagunt Plateau
Markagunt Plateau: 800-square-mile high volcanic plateau in southwestern Utah, about 9,500 ft elevation, with a basaltic volcanic field, the giant Markagunt Megabreccia gravity slide, Cedar Breaks, and Sevier River headwaters.
Marne di Priabona Formation
Marne di Priabona Formation (Priabona Marl), Upper Eocene marl unit of Veneto, NE Italy, type formation of the Priabonian Stage (37.71-33.9 Ma), about 300 m of bryozoan-rich marl overlying nummulitic limestones or basalts, beneath the Oligocene Castelgomberto formation.
Marnes Rouges Inférieures Formation
Marnes Rouges Inférieures Formation (Marnes de la Maurine member): Late Cretaceous red marl formation in Aude, southern France, dinosaur-bearing, type horizon of Ampelosaurus atacis and Gargantuavis philoinos.
Maromokotro
Maromokotro (Maromokotra, Mont Maromokotro, Tsaratanana) is the 2,876 m highest peak of Madagascar, in the Tsaratanana Massif and reserve, Diana Region, northern Madagascar, with endemic flora and fauna.
Marquesas Islands
Marquesas Islands (Te Henua Enata, Îles Marquises): remote volcanic archipelago of French Polynesia, settled by Polynesians around 1000 CE, annexed by France in 1842, and inscribed as a UNESCO mixed World Heritage site in 2024.
Marra, Jebel
Jebel Marra (Jebel Mara) is Sudan's highest volcano, a 3,042 m volcanic field in Darfur with the 5-km-wide Deriba caldera formed about 3,500 years ago, dormant with fumaroles, last confirmed eruption dated 2000 BCE (VEI 4).
Marrah Mountains
Marrah Mountains (Jebel Marra), volcanic range in central Darfur, Sudan, highest point Deriba Caldera 3,042 m; Darfur's water catchment, Fur homeland, fertile highland agriculture, SLA-AW stronghold, UNESCO tentative list 2021.
Marsden Sandstone
Marsden Sandstone: Lower Cambrian (Series 2, Stage 4) formation on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, named by Gehling et al. 2011; ~43 m of feldspathic sandstone with the Rouge Mudstone Member, underlying the Emu Bay Shale. Distinct from the English Carboniferous Marsden Formation.
Marshall Peak
Marshall Peak is a peak in Antarctica at 71°09′S 061°32′W, listed in the 1989 US Board on Geographic Names Gazetteer of the Antarctic and the SCAR Composite Gazetteer, with the Spanish form Marshall, pico.
Martha's Vineyard
Martha's Vineyard is a 95-square-mile island about six kilometers south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, with six towns, about 20,000 year-round residents swelling past 100,000 in summer, Steamship Authority ferries from Woods Hole, and a severe year-round housing shortage.
Martin Peninsula
Martin Peninsula: ice-covered peninsula, 110 km long, on Marie Byrd Land coast, West Antarctica, between Getz and Dotson Ice Shelves; delineated 1947 from Operation HighJump photos, named for geographer Col. Lawrence Martin.
Martins Head
Martins Head is a headland on King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, the eastern entrance point of Admiralty Bay, roughly charted and named by Bransfield c. 27 January 1820; also known as Cap Martin, Punta Martins, Mys Martins.
Martinsburg Formation
Martinsburg Formation, also Martinsburg Shale, a Late Ordovician gray shale and graywacke turbidite sequence in the Appalachian Valley and Ridge, named for Martinsburg, West Virginia, deposited in the Taconic foreland basin.
Masbate
Masbate (Lalawigan ng Masbate) is a three-island Philippine province in the Bicol Region, capital Masbate City, known as the Cattle Country of the Philippines and for gold mining in Aroroy.
Massey Island
Massey Island is an uninhabited 440 km² island in the Bathurst Island group, Nunavut, in the Canadian Arctic. It is part of the Governor General Group.
Massif
Massif: a compact, structurally coherent block of mountain terrain, unlike a linear mountain range. French usage names nine massifs including the Massif Central, Alps, and Pyrenees; examples include Mont Blanc, Bauges, and Chablais.
Massif Central
Massif Central: large highland region of mountains, plateaus, and dormant volcanoes in central and southern France, about 85,000 km², highest point puy de Sancy 1,885 m, formed by Variscan and Alpine tectonics.
Masson Island
Masson Island: ice-covered Antarctic island in the Shackleton Ice Shelf, Queen Mary Land, about 33 km long, 22 km wide, rising to 471 m; discovered by the AAE 1911-14 and named by Douglas Mawson after Sir David Orme Masson of Melbourne.