edgepedia

Landforms and terrestrial features

3,546 articles

Pik Revolutsii

Pik Revolutsii (Revolution Peak), now officially Qullai Istiqlol, is a 6,940 m peak in the Yazgulem Range of the central Pamir, Tajikistan, first climbed in 1954.

Pik Sat

Pik Sat is a mountain peak located in the Pamir region of Tajikistan, near the Trans-Alay range border. This peak is considered ultra-prominent as its topographic prominence surpasses 1,500 meters.

Pik Skalistiy

Pik Skalistiy (Пик Скалистый), a 5,621 m ultra-prominent peak in the Turkestan Range, Batken, Kyrgyzstan; highest point of the Central Turkestan Ranges; distinct from same-named peaks in Tajikistan, Almaty, and the Caucasus.

Pik Sovetskikh Ofitserov (HP Muzkol)

Pik Sovetskikh Ofitserov (пик Советских Офицеров), 6,233 m, is the highest peak of the Muzkol Range in the Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan; an Ultra with 1,980 m prominence, named in 1945 and first climbed in 1988.

Pik Talgar

Pik Talgar (Пик Талгар), highest peak of the Zailiyskiy Alatau in Kazakhstan's Tian Shan, elevation 4,978.9–5,017 m depending on source; first climbed 1938, with glaciers feeding the Talgar River.

Pikes Peak

Pikes Peak, also called America's Mountain, is a 14,115-foot Colorado fourteener near Colorado Springs with 5,530 feet of prominence, named for explorer Zebulon Pike, first climbed by Edwin James in 1820, and topped by a highway, cog railway, and visitor center.

Pilot Peak

Pilot Peak (Nevada), highest summit of the Pilot Range in Elko County near the Utah border, a 10,719-foot ultra-prominent peak named by John C. Fremont in 1845 and a key water stop on the Hastings Cutoff for the Donner Party.

Pindus

Pindus (Πίνδος, Pindos), the largest mountain range of Greece and continuation of the Dinaric Alps, runs northwest–southeast across the mainland; highest peak Smolikas at 2,637 m, source of major rivers, with Northern Pindos National Park.

Pine grove

Pine grove: a small stand or planting of pine trees, formalized as GeoNames code GRVPN; also a common North American and Australian place name for settlements such as Pinegrove, Ontario and Pine Grove, California.

Piping and suffosion pseudokarst

Piping and suffosion pseudokarst: karst-like caves, sinkholes, and drainage formed by mechanical grain-by-grain erosion (piping) of tuffs, loess, clay, silt, and sandstone, faster than true dissolution karst; examples include Officer's Cave, Oregon, and Gunnels Cave, Texas.

Pir Panjal Range (پیر پنجال)

Pir Panjal Range (پیر پنجال), Lesser Himalaya range of the NW Himalaya forming the Kashmir Valley's southwestern wall; peaks near 4,500 m, source of the Panjal Traps name, monsoon-blocking climatic barrier.

Pirin Mountains

The Pirin Mountains, part of the Rila-Rhodi-ope system, is located in southwestern Bulgaria and is the second-highest range, featuring Pirin National Park and over 70 glacial lakes.

Piton des Neiges

Piton des Neiges is a dormant shield volcano on Réunion Island, at 3,069 m, which is the highest point of the island and the Indian Ocean.

Pitt Islands

Pitt Islands (Islas Avellaneda) are a small island group at the north end of the Biscoe Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, at 65°26′S 65°30′W. Named by John Biscoe in 1832 for William Pitt; charted by Rymill's BGLE in 1935-36; home to the Jinks Island Complex and Gentoo penguins.

Piz Bernina

Piz Bernina, 4,049 m, is the highest peak of the Eastern Alps and Graubünden, Switzerland, and their only independent 4,000er. First climbed in 1850 by Johann Coaz; famous for the Biancograt ridge and the Spallagrat normal route.

Pizzo di Coca

Pizzo di Coca (ol Coca), 3,050 m, is the highest peak of the Orobie Alps in Lombardy, Italy, on the Val Seriana–Valtellina divide; first climbed 1877, normal route via Rifugio Coca and Bocchetta dei Camosci.

Plain

A plain is a broad, flat or gently rolling landform of low relief, one of the principal landform classes alongside mountains and plateaus, covering about 33.2 million km2.

Platanar

Platanar (Volcán Congo) is a dormant Pleistocene stratovolcano in Costa Rica's Cordillera Central, part of the 900 km² Platanar-Porvenir complex within Chocosuela caldera, 2,267 m, no Holocene eruptions, hit by 2023 landslides.

Plateau

Plateau: a large flat elevated landform rising sharply on at least one side, covering about a third of Earth's land. Formed by tectonic uplift, lava flows, or erosion; erodes into mesas and buttes. Largest is the Tibetan Plateau.

Plateau du Tademaït

Plateau du Tademaït (Tademait), a hamada plateau near 28.5N 2.25E in central Algeria's Sahara, about 600 m high, built of Upper Cretaceous carbonates, with Lower Paleolithic sites and the Krechba gas field.

Pleiades, The

The Pleiades is a Quaternary volcanic complex in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, with about 20 scoria cones and domes rising to 3,040 m at Mount Atlas.

Plum Island (New York)

Plum Island, New York: 840-acre island in Long Island Sound off Orient Point, federal since 1899 as Fort Terry, home of the Plum Island Animal Disease Center from 1954, now slated for preservation after NBAF replaced it.

Po Valley

The Po Valley, or Padan Plain, is the largest plain in Italy, a lowland in northern Italy following the Po River from the Alps to the Adriatic.

Poas

Poas (Poas Volcano) is an active stratovolcano in Costa Rica's Cordillera Volcanica Central, 2,697-2,708 m high, with the near-pH-zero Laguna Caliente crater lake, frequent phreatic eruptions since 1828, and an ongoing VEI 2 episode begun January 2025.

Pocono Mountains

The Pocono Mountains are a dissected plateau of the Appalachian Plateaus in northeastern Pennsylvania, spanning a four-county, 2,400-square-mile resort region famed for the Delaware Water Gap, honeymoon resorts, skiing, and Pocono Raceway.

Pogromni Volcano

Pogromni Volcano (Sopka Pogromnaya) is a 2,002 m tholeiitic-basalt stratovolcano on southwest Unimak Island, Alaska. Eruptions once attributed to it (1795, 1827, 1830) are now assigned to Westdahl; it shows no historical activity and is not seismically monitored.

Pohnpei

Pohnpei is one of four states of the Federated States of Micronesia, a mountainous volcanic island with outlying atolls, capital Kolonia, home to the UNESCO World Heritage megalithic site Nan Madol, formerly ruled by Spain, Germany, Japan, and the US.

Point (geography)

Point (geography): a tapering, generally low-elevation piece of land projecting into a sea, lake, or river, less prominent than a cape; gazetteer feature code PT, related to headland, promontory, and cape.

Point Reyes

Point Reyes (Tamál-Húye to the Coast Miwok) is a Marin County, California peninsula on the San Andreas Fault, protected since 1962 as Point Reyes National Seashore, with Coast Miwok village sites, the 1579 Drake landfall, historic dairy ranches, and about 151 recorded shipwrecks nearby.

Pointe du Hoc

Pointe du Hoc: Normandy promontory between Omaha and Utah beaches scaled by 225 US Army Rangers under Lt. Col. James E. Rudder on D-Day, 6 June 1944, to destroy a 155mm German battery whose guns had been moved inland.