Landforms and terrestrial features

Sangay

Sangay is Ecuador's southernmost and most active stratovolcano, 5,286 m high in Morona Santiago province, in near-continuous eruption since 1628 and in an ongoing eruptive period since 2019, within UNESCO's Sangay National Park.

Sangihe Islands

Sangihe Islands (Kepulauan Sangihe), an Indonesian island chain and regency in North Sulawesi between Sulawesi and Mindanao: 105 islands, capital Tahuna, the 500 km Sangihe volcanic arc colliding with Halmahera, and deadly Awu volcano.

Sangre de Cristo Mountains

Sangre de Cristo Mountains (Spanish, "Blood of Christ"): a north–south range of the southern Rocky Mountains in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico, known for 14,000-foot peaks, Laramide and Rio Grande rift geology, and the 2022 Hermit's Peak/Calf Canyon Fire.

Sankaram Mound

Sankaram, also Bojjannakonda-Lingalakonda, is a Buddhist rock-cut site near Anakapalle, Andhra Pradesh, on twin hills used from the 2nd to 9th centuries CE, excavated by Alexander Rea in 1906-1907, with a brick-faced Main Stupa, votive stupas, and coins of Samudragupta.

Sanset

Sanset, also known as Sunset Peak or Romesh Thong, is a 4,745 m Himalayan peak in Poonch District, Jammu and Kashmir, often called the Pir Panjal Range's highest.

Santa Ana Mountains

The Santa Ana Mountains are a Peninsular Ranges range on the Orange-Riverside county border in southern California; Santiago and Modjeska peaks form Old Saddleback, and the range is a tilted fault block uplifted along the Elsinore fault.

Santa Catalina Island (California)

Santa Catalina Island (Pimu), southernmost-lying California Channel Island, 21 miles long with Avalon as its only city. Known for 60+ endemic species, the Wrigley-era Casino, and the Catalina Island Conservancy managing 88% of the island.

Santa Clarita Valley

The Santa Clarita Valley, also called SCV, is a valley in northern Los Angeles County about 30 miles north of downtown Los Angeles, home to Newhall, Saugus, Valencia, and Canyon Country, with about 294,300 residents and a Newhall Land and Farming Company-shaped history.

Santa Cruz Island (island, Ecuador)

Santa Cruz Island (Isla Santa Cruz, English name Indefatigable) is the second largest Galápagos island, Ecuador, at the archipelago's center; home to Puerto Ayora, the Charles Darwin Research Station, about 12,000 people, and the main tourism hub.

Santa Cruz Islands

Santa Cruz Islands: island group in southernmost Solomon Islands (Temotu Province), main island Nendö; Mendaña's failed 1595 Graciosa Bay settlement, Lapita-era settlement, red-feather currency trade, British protectorate from 1898.

Santa Isabel

Nevado de Santa Isabel (Poleka Kasue) is an active andesitic dome-complex volcano in Colombia's Cordillera Central, 4,965 m high, in Los Nevados National Park, whose glacier has shrunk from 27.8 km² to 0.16 km² and is expected to disappear within about five years.

Santa Isabel Island

Santa Isabel Island (Santa Ysabel, Isabel Island) is the longest island of Solomon Islands, in Isabel Province, named by Mendaña in 1568; capital Buala, Mount Kubonitu, Bugotu, Cheke Holo, and Zabana languages, nickel mining and logging.

Säntis

Säntis, 2,502 m, is the highest peak of the Alpstein in eastern Switzerland, namesake of the Säntis nappe and Overthrust, with a Schwägalp cable car, extreme summit weather, and a 2026 tramway rebuild.

Santorini

Santorini (Thera, Σαντορίνη), southernmost Cycladic island in the South Aegean, Greece: an active volcanic caldera shaped by the Minoan eruption around 1600 BC, home to Akrotiri and Ancient Thera, hit by the 2025 earthquake swarm, and a leading case study in overtourism and water scarcity.

São Miguel Island

São Miguel Island (Ilha de São Miguel), largest and most populous island of the Azores, Portugal: 745.8 km², Pico da Vara 1,105 m, 138,557 residents (2025), six volcanic zones including Sete Cidades, Agua de Pau, and Furnas, capital Ponta Delgada.

São Tomé Island

São Tomé Island (Ilha de São Tomé), volcanic Gulf of Guinea island of São Tomé and Príncipe on the Cameroon Volcanic Line; 857 km², Pico de São Tomé 2,024 m, last eruptions about 36,000 years ago, cocoa agroforestry.

Sapitwa

Sapitwa, on the Mulanje Massif in southern Malawi, is the country's highest point at 3,002 m and the highest summit in south-central Africa. Its Chichewa name means "don't go there"; the peak is sacred to Yao, Mang'anja, and Lhomwe traditions and lies in a UNESCO biosphere reserve and 2025 World Heritage site.

Šar Mountains

Šar Mountains (Шар Планина, Malet e Sharrit), a high-mountain massif on the North Macedonia–Kosovo–Albania border; highest peak Titov Vrv, 2,748 m; glacial lakes, rich Balkan biodiversity, and national parks declared 1986 (Kosovo) and 2021 (North Macedonia).

Saraghrar

Saraghrar (7,338 m, also cited 7,340 m) is the fourth-highest independent peak of the Hindu Kush in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, above Chitral; first climbed 24 August 1959 by Italians, with Saraghrar SE first ascended in 2005.

Saramati

Saramati (Mount Saramati) is Nagaland's highest peak, about 3,826-3,841 m, on the India-Myanmar border in Kiphire district near Thanamir village; an ultra-prominent Patkai range summit with winter snow and a 2-3 day trek.

Sargent Icefield

Sargent Icefield is an icefield on the eastern coast of the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska's Chugach Mountains, feeding outlet glaciers including Ultramarine, Nellie Juan, and Princeton.

Saser Kangri I

Saser Kangri I (K22) is a 7,672 m peak in the Saser Muztagh, eastern Karakoram, Ladakh, India; 35th-highest worldwide, ultra-prominent (2,304 m), first climbed 1973 by the ITBP from the east, west ridge in 1987.

Sassi di Matera

Sassi di Matera: the two ancient rock-cut districts of Matera, Basilicata (Sasso Caveoso, Sasso Barisano), a troglodyte settlement occupied since the Palaeolithic, inscribed by UNESCO in 1993, evacuated in the 1950s and revived from the 1980s.

Satpura Range (सतपुड़ा पर्वतमाला)

Satpura Range (सतपुड़ा पर्वतमाला), central Indian hill range about 900 km long between the Narmada and Tapti rivers; highest peak Dhupgarh (1,350 m); not to be confused with the Vindhya Range to its north.

Sauvie Island

Sauvie Island, historically Wapato Island, is the largest island in the Columbia River at its confluence with the Willamette near Portland, Oregon; once home to four Chinookan villages, depopulated by the 1830s malaria epidemic, later an HBC dairy managed by Laurent Sauvé.

Sauyr Zhotasy (mountain, China)

Sauyr Zhotasy, also called Muz Tau (ice mountain), is a 3,840 m border peak, the highest summit of the Sauyr Range on the Xinjiang-Kazakhstan frontier, notable for 3,250 m prominence and absence of a documented main-summit ascent.

Savaiʻi

Savaiʻi is Samoa's largest and westernmost island, a 75-km-long basaltic shield volcano rising to 1,858 m, with 45,175 residents (2021 census, 22% of Samoa) and historic eruptions including Matavanu 1905–1911.

Scafell Pike

Scafell Pike, in the Lake District, Cumbria, is England's highest mountain at 978 m (3,209 ft) and a war memorial, climbed by about 250,000 people yearly, chiefly via the Hollow Stones route from Wasdale.

Scandinavian Mountains

The Scandinavian Mountains (Skandinaviska fjällkedjan), or Scandes, form a 1,700 km range along the Scandinavian peninsula, built of Caledonian thrust nappes about 510–400 million years old, raised again in the Tertiary, and carved by fjords and glaciers.