33 articles
Arad, Arad County
Arad (Arad), municipality and seat of Arad County in western Romania on the Mureș River; 164,631 residents (2026), known for its 1763–1783 Vauban fortress, the 1849 execution of 13 generals, and its 1918 role in Transylvania's union with Romania.
Bacău (city)
Bacău, county capital in Moldavia region, eastern Romania, at the Bistrița–Șiret confluence; first attested 1408, 136,087 residents (2021 census), second Nord-Est city after Iași.
Băişoara
Băişoara (Băișoara), a settlement in the Iara Valley of the Apuseni Mountains, Transylvania, Romania; mining district with pits opened from 1972 under ME Iara, and a 1948-1949 anti-communist partisan area.
Brăila (city)
Brăila, Danube port city and seat of Brăila County, Romania; Ottoman İbrail 1538-1829, later Wallachia's grain-export hub; 154,686 residents (2021 census), 12th among county seats.
Brașov
Brașov (German: Kronstadt, "City of the Crown") is a major Romanian city in the Carpathian curvature, first recorded in 1235 as Corona, seat of Brașov County, home to the Black Church and medieval fortifications.
Bucharest
Bucharest (București), capital and largest city of Romania on the Dâmbovița river; first attested 1459, six sectors, 240 km², about 1.71 million residents, known for severe traffic congestion, air pollution, and the Palace of Parliament.
Budapest
Budapest, capital of Hungary, formed in 1873 by uniting Buda, Pest, and Óbuda on the Danube. About 1.77 million people, 23 districts, thermal spas, and the least affordable housing among measured EU capitals.
Cenad
Cenad (Morisena) is a commune in western Timiș County, Romania, on the left bank of the Mureș at the Hungarian border. Site of the first monastery (c. 1002) and first school (1030) on Romanian territory and the Diocese of Cenad under St. Gerard.
Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca, also known as Kolozsvár or Klausenburg, is a city in northwestern Romania and the seat of Cluj County. With about 425,000 inhabitants, it is Romania's second largest city.
Constanța
Constanța, Romania's principal Black Sea port city, founded as the Greek colony of Tomis in the 6th century BC; fifth most populous Romanian city, home to the largest Black Sea port and the Art Nouveau Constanța Casino.
Craiova
Craiova, city in southwestern Romania, capital of Dolj County and center of Oltenia; about 234,000 residents (2021 census), historic seat of the bans, home to the University of Craiova, Romanescu Park, and Brâncuși sculptures.
Esztergom
Esztergom (Gran, Strigonium), a Hungarian city of about 28,000 on the Danube opposite Štúrovo; earliest royal seat until 1249, seat of the primate, home of Hungary's largest church, the 100 m Esztergom Basilica, and the Suzuki car plant.
Feldioara
Feldioara (Földvár, Marienburg), Brașov County, Romania: village with a medieval fortress long regarded as the Teutonic Knights' Transylvanian headquarters (1211–1225); mortar radiocarbon dating confirmed its early 13th-century stone walls.
Győr
Győr (German: Raab) is a northwest Hungarian county seat at the Rába-Danube confluence, on the Roman site Arrabona. Sixth-largest Hungarian city (128,225 in 2026), dominated by the Audi Hungaria plant and Széchenyi István University.
Hunedoara
Hunedoara is a city in southwestern Transylvania, Romania, first documented in 1265, which grew around ironworking and Corvin Castle, the domain of 15th-century regent Iancu de Hunedoara.
Iași
Iași, northeastern Romania's largest city of the Moldavia region and seat of Iași County; capital of Moldavia 1565–1859, home of Romania's first modern university (1860), with 86% resident life satisfaction and a 2030 climate-neutrality target.
Lupsa
Lupsa (Romanian: Lupșa; Hungarian: Nagylupsa; German: Wolfsdorf) is a commune in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania, on the middle Arieș River in the Apuseni Mountains, hosting the Roșia Poieni copper mine.
Miercurea Ciuc
Miercurea Ciuc (Csíkszereda) is the county seat of Harghita, Romania, in the Ciuc Depression of eastern Transylvania. First attested 1558, cold-pole climate, Mikó Castle, Hungarian-majority population of about 34,500.
Nyíregyháza
Nyíregyháza is a city of county rank in northeastern Hungary and the seat of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, with about 115,000 residents making it the country's seventh most populous settlement.
Odorheiu Secuiesc
Odorheiu Secuiesc (Székelyudvarhely), a municipality in Harghita County, Transylvania, on the upper Târnava Mare; former center of Udvarhely Seat, known for Székelytámadt Fortress, its school-city tradition, and Roman-era fort sites.
Onești
Onești, a municipality in Bacău County, Romania, in the Tazlău-Cașin depression; first attested 1458, industrial town built from 1952 around the Borzești petrochemical platform, population 51,012 in 2019.
Oradea
Oradea (Nagyvárad, Großwardein) is a municipality in north-western Romania, seat of Bihor County, first recorded in 1113 as Civitas Varadiensis, known for Art Nouveau architecture and a medieval fortress.
Piteşti
Pitești, county seat of Argeș County, Romania, on the Argeș river; first documented 20 May 1388, medieval trade hub, 160,262 domiciled residents in 2026, ranked 17th in City Index 2024.
Satu Mare
Satu Mare (Szatmárnémeti) is a city on the Someș in northwestern Romania, seat of Satu Mare County. Formed around Menumorut's castrum Zothmar, united with Mintiu by Charles VI's 1721 diploma; ceded to Hungary 1940, recovered 1944.
Sibiu
Sibiu (Hermannstadt, Nagyszeben), Transylvanian county seat in Romania founded by Saxon colonists, first documented 1191; Habsburg-era capital of Transylvania and 2007 European Capital of Culture.
Szeged
Szeged (Szeged, Hungary) is Hungary's third-largest city, on the Tisza–Maros confluence near the Serbian and Romanian borders. Known for the 1879 flood reconstruction, Szegedi paprika PDO, the University of Szeged, and the new BYD car factory.
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia, Stuhlweissenburg), central Hungarian city of about 97,000, seat of Fejér county; founded 972 by Géza, coronation and burial town of Hungarian kings, home of Bory Castle.
Szombathely
Szombathely (Savaria, Stein am Anger), seat of Vas county in western Hungary, 76,389 residents in 2026; Roman colonia founded by Claudius on the Amber Road, home of the Iseum and Savaria Museum.
Târgoviște
Târgoviște, seat of Dâmbovița County, Romania, was Wallachia's capital and princely residence 1396–1714. Known for the Princely Court and the 27 m Chindia Tower of Vlad Țepeș; site of the 1462 Night Attack.
Timișoara
Timișoara (Temesvár, Temeswar) is western Romania's largest city, county seat of Timiș County, capital of Banat, first continental European city with electric street lighting (1884), cradle of the 1989 Revolution, and 2023 European Capital of Culture.