Cities of southern India

Erode (ஈரோடு)

Erode (ஈரோடு) is a city and district headquarters in northern Tamil Nadu, India, on the Cauvery river. Known as the Turmeric Capital and Tex-Valley, it hosts one of the world's largest turmeric markets and a major powerloom textile industry.

Gadag

Gadag (ಗದಗ) is a city and district in North Karnataka, India, formed 24 August 1997, known for Western Chalukya temples, Hindustani music heritage, dry-land farming, and wind energy projects.

Gangaikonda Cholapuram

Gangaikonda Cholapuram (கங்கை கொண்ட சோழபுரம்) is Rajendra Chola I's former Chola capital in Tamil Nadu, whose Brihadisvara Shiva temple, completed 1035 with a 53-m curved vimana, joined UNESCO's Great Living Chola Temples in 2004.

Gundupālaiyam

Gundupālaiyam, also Ozhukarai (உழவர்கரை), Oulgaret, or Uzhavarkarai, is a city, municipality, and taluk in Puducherry district, India: 300,104 residents (2011), 36.7 sq km, 42 wards, northeast of Puducherry city.

Guntur (గుంటూరు)

Guntur (గుంటూరు) is a city and municipal corporation in Andhra Pradesh, India, district headquarters, 2011 population 647,508, home of Asia's largest chilli yard with 2023 sales over ₹10,000 crore.

Guruvayur (ഗുരുവായൂർ)

Guruvayur (ഗുരുവായൂർ), also Guruvayoor, is a temple town in Thrissur district, Kerala, centered on the Sree Krishna Temple. It was Kerala's only township (1962–1994), became a municipality in 1994, and had 20,510 residents in 2011.

Halebidu (ಹಳೇಬೀಡು)

Halebidu (ಹಳೇಬೀಡು), formerly Dorasamudra, is the former Hoysala capital in Hassan district, Karnataka, home to the Hoysalesvara Temple, part of the Sacred Ensembles of the Hoysalas inscribed by UNESCO in 2023.

Hassan

Hassan, known in Kannada as ಹಾಸನ, is a district in southwestern Karnataka, India, with its headquarters at the city of Hassan and famed for its Hoysala temples.

Hindupur

Hindupur (Telugu: హిందూపూర్) is a municipality and industrial town in Sri Sathya Sai district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Population 151,677 (2011 census), 30 wards, urban extent 849 hectares in 2014, part of the AHUDA planning region.

History of Hyderabad

History of Hyderabad: founded 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah near Golconda; ruled by Qutb Shahis, conquered by Aurangzeb 1687, Nizams from 1724, merged into India after 1948 police action.

Hosapete

Hosapete (formerly Hospet) is a city in Vijayanagara district, Karnataka, India, founded in 1520 CE by Krishna Deva Raya; gateway to Hampi UNESCO site and nearest railhead to the Tungabhadra Dam.

Hosur (ஓசூர்)

Hosur (ஓசூர்) is an industrial city in Krishnagiri district, Tamil Nadu, about 40 km from Bengaluru, with ~3,000 MSMEs, NH-44 connectivity, SIPCOT estates, and firms such as TVS, Ashok Leyland, and Titan.

Hubli

Hubli, officially Hubballi (Kannada: ಹುಬ್ಬಳ್ಳಿ), is a commercial city in Dharwad district, Karnataka, twin to Dharwad under the Hubli Dharwad Municipal Corporation since 1962, a South Western Railway zonal headquarters and cotton-trade center.

Hyderabad (హైదరాబాద్)

Hyderabad (హైదరాబాద్), capital of Telangana, India; founded 1591 by Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, former Nizam capital, ~10.27 million metro population, major IT, pharma, and vaccine hub.

Kadapa (కడప)

Kadapa (కడప), formerly Cuddapah, is a city in Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh, headquarters of YSR Kadapa district; a municipality since 1868 and municipal corporation since 2004, population about 344,078 (2011).

Kakinada (కాకినాడ)

Kakinada (కాకినాడ), also historically Cocanada, is a port and industrial city in Andhra Pradesh, India, headquarters of Kakinada district, known for its anchorage and deep-water ports, KG-Basin gas industry, fertilizer plants, and Smart Cities projects.

Kalaburagi

Kalaburagi, formerly Gulbarga, is the administrative headquarters of its district in northern Karnataka. This major city served as the first capital of the Bahmani Sultanate.

Kallakurichi

Kallakurichi (கள்ளக்குறிச்சி) district, Tamil Nadu, created from Viluppuram in November 2019; headquarters at Kallakurichi town on NH 79; agrarian district of 3,530.58 sq km with Kalvarayan Hills.

Kanchipuram (காஞ்சிபுரம்)

Kanchipuram (காஞ்சிபுரம்), or Kanchi, is a Tamil Nadu temple town, one of India's seven holy cities, former Pallava capital, home to the Kailasanatha temple and the GI-tagged Kanchipuram silk sari industry.

Kannur (കണ്ണൂർ)

Kannur (കണ്ണൂർ; Cannanore), a city and district headquarters on Kerala's Malabar Coast: former Arakkal sultanate capital, St. Angelo Fort (1505), Kerala's largest handloom-producing district, Theyyam heartland, and home to Kannur International Airport.

Kanyakumari

Kanyakumari (Kanniyakumari, formerly Cape Comorin) is a Tamil Nadu coastal town at India's southernmost tip where three seas meet, named for the Kumari Amman goddess, known for the 1970 Vivekananda Rock Memorial and the 133-ft Thiruvalluvar Statue.

Karaikudi (காரைக்குடி)

Kāraikkudi (காரைக்குடி), also spelled Karaikudi, is a city in Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu, capital of the Chettinad region of the Nattukottai Chettiars, known for limestone mansions, Chettinad cuisine, Alagappa University, and CECRI.

Karimnagar (కరీంనగర్)

Karimnagar (కరీంనగర్), also called Elgandal historically, is a city and municipal corporation in Telangana, India, headquarters of Karimnagar district on the Manair River; named after Syed Karimuddin, district HQ since 1905, population 261,185 (2011).

Karur

Karur (Karuvoor, Vanji) is an ancient town on the Amaravathi river in Tamil Nadu, capital of the early Sangam-age Chera kings, now the headquarters of Karur district (formed 1995) and a major home-textile export cluster.

Karwar (ಕಾರವಾರ)

Karwar (ಕಾರವಾರ), formerly spelled Carwar, is a port city at the mouth of the Kali River in Karnataka, India, and the administrative seat of Uttara Kannada district.

Kasaragod (കാസർഗോഡ്)

Kasaragod (കാസർഗോഡ്) is Kerala's northernmost district, formed 24 May 1984 from Kasaragod and Hosdurg taluks. Known as Saptha Bhasha Sangama Bhoomi, land of seven languages, with 1,307,375 people (2011), 1,992 sq km, Bekal Fort, and the long-delayed Kasaragod Medical College.

Khammam (city)

Khammam (ఖమ్మం) is a city in the Indian state of Telangana and the headquarters of Khammam district, with a history of nearly 1,000 years and the landmark Khammam Fort.

Kochi (കൊച്ചി)

Kochi (കൊച്ചി), anglicised Cochin, is Kerala's major port city on the Arabian Sea. Harbour formed by the 1341 Periyar flood; ruled by Portuguese, Dutch, then British; home of Kochi Metro, Water Metro, and Cochin International Airport.

Kodaikanal (கொடைக்கானல்)

Kodaikanal (கொடைக்கானல்), the Princess of Hill Stations, is a Tamil Nadu hill resort in the Palani Hills, Dindigul district, founded 1845 at 7,375 ft, with an 1863 lake, 1899 solar observatory, 12-year Kurinji bloom, and a documented mercury contamination legacy.