60 articles
Apensen
Apensen, Lower Saxony: village in the district of Stade with the Roman Iron Age burial ground Apensen 1 (703 excavated cremations, est. 2,000-3,000 burials) and 5,500-year-old megalithic tombs at Grundoldendorf.
Bautzen
Bautzen (Budyšin), town of about 42,000 in Saxony, seat of Landkreis Bautzen, 50 km east of Dresden; center of the Sorbian minority, with the Niederkaina prehistoric cemetery, 1523 Taucherfriedhof, and Gedenkstätte Bautzen memorial.
Berlin
Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, a city-state located on the Spree. With 3.7 million residents, it has served as a royal, imperial, and divided capital.
Bordesholm
Bordesholm, a municipality in Kreis Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Schleswig-Holstein, north of Neumünster; about 7,855 residents (2024). Former Augustinian monastery island in the Bordesholmer See; home of Hans Brüggemann's 1521 Bordesholm Altar, now in Schleswig Cathedral.
Bornstein
Bornstein: village in Neudorf-Bornstein, Kreis Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany; also the nearby late Roman Iron Age princely graves (Fürstengräber), the Sochaczew rabbinic dynasty, and a Bavarian Forest hill.
Braunschweig
Braunschweig (Brunswick), Lower Saxony's second-largest city with about 255,000 residents, former residence of Henry the Lion and Hanseatic city, now a German research and automotive industry center.
Bremen
Bremen (Freie Hansestadt Bremen), Hanseatic city on the Weser in northwest Germany; with Bremerhaven it forms Germany's smallest two-city state. First recorded 782, Hanse member 1358, UNESCO Town Hall and Roland, major port and industrial hub.
Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven, a North Sea port city at the Weser mouth, founded 1827 by Bremen under Mayor Johann Smidt; fourth-largest European container port, part of the two-city state of Bremen.
Capital of Germany
Capital of Germany: Berlin, seat of Bundestag, government, and federal president since the 1991 Bundestag vote (338 to 320) and the 1999 move from Bonn; Bonn remains the Federal City with a quarter of ministry jobs.
Chemnitz
Chemnitz, Saxony's third-largest city, called Karl-Marx-Stadt 1953–1990, first documented 1143, a major German machine-tool and textile center, the 'Saxon Manchester', and European Capital of Culture 2025.
Cottbus (city)
Cottbus, in Lower Sorbian Chóśebuz, is an independent city on the River Spree in southern Brandenburg, Germany, the second largest in the state and the largest city of Lusatia.
Dessau
Dessau, city in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, now part of Dessau-Roßlau (since 2007); residence of Anhalt-Dessau, home of the UNESCO Garden Kingdom of Dessau-Wörlitz, the 1787 Erdmannsdorff municipal cemetery, Moses Mendelssohn's birthplace, and the Museum für Naturkunde und Vorgeschichte.
Dresden
Dresden, capital of Saxony on the Elbe, had 571,510 residents at end-2025 after its first population decline since 2014; known for the rebuilt Frauenkirche, Baroque old town, Silicon Saxony microelectronics cluster, and major art collections.
East Berlin
East Berlin (Ost-Berlin) was the Soviet sector of divided Berlin and the capital of the GDR from 1949 to 1990, walled off from West Berlin in 1961, rebuilt around Alexanderplatz, and reunified with the West in 1990.
Erfurt
Erfurt, capital of Thuringia, Germany, first recorded 742 as Erphesfurt; home of the 1379 University of Erfurt where Luther studied, ICE rail hub since 2017, and ranked Germany's happiest large city in 2026.
Flensburg
Flensburg (Danish: Flensborg) is Germany's northernmost city, a kreisfreie Stadt in Schleswig-Holstein on the Flensburg Firth near Denmark; about 96,300 residents, a 1284 charter, a historic rum trade, and the 1920 Schleswig plebiscite.
Frankfurt (Oder)
Frankfurt (Oder), a kreisfreie city in Brandenburg on the German-Polish border, founded 1253, forms a twin city with Słubice across the Oder; population fell from 86,131 (1990) to about 56,600 (2025); home to Europa-Universität Viadrina.
Gera
Gera, kreisfreie city in eastern Thuringia, Germany, on the Weiße Elster; third largest Thuringian city, first documented 995, former Reuss residence city, Otto Dix's birthplace, about 95,000 residents.
Görlitz
Görlitz (Zhorjelc, Zgorzelec) is Germany's easternmost city, in Saxony on the Lusatian Neisse, with 55,065 residents, over 4,000 listed buildings, the twin city Zgorzelec, and the film nickname Görliwood.
Gotha
Gotha, Thuringian city in central Germany west of Erfurt, first mentioned 775 as villa gotaha; ducal capital of Saxe-Gotha 1640-1918; 45,832 residents (2022 census); Friedenstein Palace and Gotha Research Library.
Göttingen
Göttingen, Lower Saxony university city on the Leine, home of Georg-August-Universität (founded 1737) with 45 Nobel laureates, five Max Planck Institutes, and the Gänseliesel landmark.
Greifswald
Greifswald (Universitäts- und Hansestadt Greifswald) is a Baltic Sea university and Hanseatic city in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany: founded near Eldena Abbey in 1199, Hanseatic from 1278, university since 1456, Swedish 1648–1815, birthplace of Caspar David Friedrich.
Guben
Guben is a town in Brandenburg's Spree-Neiße district on the Lusatian Neisse, twin town of Polish Gubin. Chartered 1235, famed for Wilke's weatherproof felt hats and GDR chemical fibres; about 16,000 residents.
Hagenow
Hagenow is a town in Ludwigslust-Parchim district, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany, about 30 km southwest of Schwerin; seat of Amt Hagenow-Land. First recorded 1194, 11,855 residents (2022), known for shoemaking, Roman Iron Age graves, and the Alte Synagoge.
Halle (Saale)
Halle (Saale) is Saxony-Anhalt's second-largest city, 226,186 inhabitants in 2025, on the Saale river. First mentioned in 806, birthplace of Handel (1685), seat of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (founded 1694), and 2024's fastest-growing district economy in the state.
Hamburg
Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg), Germany's second-largest city and a city-state of 1.87 million on the lower Elbe; Hanseatic trading port, seven districts, 5.45-million metropolitan region, major port economy.
Hanover
Hanover (Hannover), capital of Lower Saxony, Germany, on the Leine River; about 558,000 residents, host of the world's largest trade fair grounds, in personal union with Britain 1714–1837.
Hemmoor
Hemmoor, a town in Landkreis Cuxhaven, Lower Saxony, on the Oste river; namesake of the Miocene Hemmoorium stage, home of the Roman Hemmoor buckets, the Kreidesee diving lake, and the Osten-Hemmoor transporter bridge.
Jena
Jena, Thuringia's second-largest city on the Saale, is a university and optics center (Lichtstadt). Founded around 1230, home of the 1558 university, Zeiss, Schott, and Abbe; about 109,000 residents.
Kiel
Kiel, historically Kilonia, is the state capital of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, lying on the Baltic Sea with about 251,000 inhabitants, a major port, and four universities.