edgepedia

Parks, protected areas, and geographic heritage sites

9,860 articles

National Park Service Organic Act

The National Park Service Organic Act, also called the 1916 Organic Act (54 U.S.C. 100101), is the U.S. law signed by Woodrow Wilson on August 25, 1916 that created the National Park Service and set its mandate to conserve park scenery, objects, and wildlife unimpaired for future generations.

National Park Service ranger

National Park Service ranger: uniformed NPS employee (GS-0025) in law enforcement, interpretation, EMS, or resource protection; corps dates to pre-1916 Interior scouts; NPS lost 24% of permanent staff since January 2025.

National Park Service rustic

National Park Service rustic, or "Parkitecture," is the American park architecture style of 1916–1942 using native logs and stone, hand labor, and landscape-blending siting, exemplified at Longmire and ended by Mission 66 modernism.

National Park Service uniforms

National Park Service uniforms: standardized gray-and-green clothing identifying NPS employees, also called ranger uniforms. Evolved from Army cavalry dress (1886), an authorized 1911 uniform, official 1920 regulations, and today's dress, service, and field classes under Director's Order #43.

National Park Service visitor centers

A National Park Service visitor center is a purpose-built park facility offering orientation, exhibits, and services; the building type was created by NPS planners during Mission 66.

National park systems of Latin America and the Caribbean

The national park systems of Latin America and the Caribbean are country-by-country networks of legally designated protected areas covering 21.4% of the region, begun in the 1930s.

National Parks Conservation Association

National Parks Conservation Association (NPCA), founded 1919 as the National Parks Association by Robert Sterling Yard and Stephen T. Mather, is an independent nonprofit advocating for U.S. national parks, with 1.9 million supporters.

National parks of Australia

Australia's national parks are protected areas run by state, territory, and Commonwealth agencies rather than one federal service, numbering over 600 across 28 million hectares.

National parks of Central America

The national parks of Central America are the protected wildland systems of seven republics from Belize to Panama, with 554 declared protected areas covering 25% of the region's territory.

National parks of Egypt

The national parks of Egypt are protected areas designated under Law 102 of 1983, covering about 10% of the country, including Ras Muhammad and Wadi El Hitan.

National parks of Madagascar

The national parks of Madagascar are a network of terrestrial and marine protected areas run by Madagascar National Parks since 1991, tracing back to French reserves created in 1927.

National parks of New Zealand

New Zealand's national parks are 13 protected areas covering about 11% of the country, governed by the National Parks Act 1980 and administered by the Department of Conservation.

National parks of the Caribbean islands

The national parks of the Caribbean islands are protected natural areas across Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, the Bahamas, and the Lesser Antilles.

National parks of the Middle East and Central Asia

National parks of the Middle East and Central Asia are state-designated protected areas. Iran manages a tiered reserve hierarchy, covering 16,676,734 hectares, while Saudi Arabia has 31.26 percent coverage.

National parks of the United Kingdom

The national parks of the United Kingdom are 15 protected landscapes, 10 in England, 3 in Wales, 2 in Scotland, designated mainly under the 1949 National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act, first the Peak District in 1951, latest the South Downs in 2010.

National parks of West Africa and the Sahel

The national parks of West Africa and the Sahel are the region's nationally designated protected areas, part of a network covering about 9.6 percent of West Africa.

National Register of Historic Monuments in Romania

Lista monumentelor istorice din România (LMI), the national register of historic monuments, lists protected built heritage by county with LMI codes; latest full edition 2015, updated by ministerial orders.

National Register of Historic Places

National Register of Historic Places, the US federal inventory of historic districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects under the 1966 NHPA, run by the National Park Service; over 100,000 listings, honorific for private owners except Section 106 review.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit

The National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit are the city's buildings, sites, and districts entered on the federal register, nominated through Michigan's State Historic Preservation Office.

National reserve

National reserve: a protected-area title with country-specific meanings, including a US National Park System unit type (two units, partnership-managed), Australia's National Reserve System (22.57% of land), and UNESCO biosphere reserves (785 sites).

National September 11 Memorial & Museum

The National September 11 Memorial & Museum, at 180 Greenwich Street on the former World Trade Center site in New York, commemorates the 2,983 victims of the 2001 and 1993 attacks with twin reflecting pools and bedrock exhibitions.

National Trails System

The National Trails System is the U.S. network of scenic, historic, and recreation trails created by the 1968 National Trails System Act, with 11 scenic trails, 21 historic trails, and over 1,300 recreation trails.

National Tree Collection

National Tree Collection (国树国花园, National Tree and Flower Garden) is a 1999 garden at Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China, displaying national trees and flowers of about 80 countries in six continent-based zones.

National Trust

The National Trust (National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty) is a British conservation charity founded in 1895 by Octavia Hill, Robert Hunter and Hardwicke Rawnsley, caring for 500 historic places, 250,000 hectares and 890 miles of coastline with 5.35 million members.

National Trust for Historic Preservation

The National Trust for Historic Preservation is a private nonprofit, chartered by Congress in 1949, that preserves and stewards historic American sites, including about 28 sites.

National urban park

A national urban park is a national designation for large areas of urban nature and cultural landscape within a city. The first was created in Stockholm in 1995.

National War Memorial (India)

The National War Memorial (Rashtriya Samar Smarak) in New Delhi honors Indian soldiers killed since independence; it was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2019.

Native settlement

Native settlement, scheduled monument reference 1003146, a Historic England-designated Romano-British native rural settlement, recorded in Planning Data at coordinates -2.371509, 54.112522.

Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region (site)

Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region: transboundary mixed UNESCO World Heritage property (Albania, North Macedonia), inscribed 1979, extended 1980 and 2019, covering ancient Lake Ohrid, Ohrid town, and the Lin Peninsula; over 200 endemic species and severe eutrophication and development threats.

Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor

Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor: UNESCO World Heritage site in Montenegro's Boka Kotorska Bay, inscribed 1979 (criteria i–iv), 14,600 ha, on the Danger List 1979–2003 after the 1979 earthquake.