519,064 articles
Artenimol
Artenimol, the INN for dihydroartemisinin (DHA), is an artemisinin-derived antimalarial and active metabolite of artesunate, discovered by Tu Youyou in 1973 and used with piperaquine as Eurartesim.
Arterial anastomosis
An arterial anastomosis is a surgical connection between two arteries, or between an artery and a graft, that restores blood flow, performed in coronary bypass, free-flap reconstruction, and dialysis access.
Arterial blood gas test
Arterial blood gas (ABG) test, also called blood gas analysis: an artery-drawn blood test measuring PaO2, PaCO2, pH, bicarbonate, and oxygen saturation; the reference standard for respiratory failure, with venous gas as a partial alternative.
Arterial embolism
Arterial embolism: obstruction of a distal artery by a traveling clot or foreign mass, usually cardiac in origin (atrial fibrillation, ventricular thrombus). Causes stroke, acute limb ischemia, mesenteric ischemia; treated by embolectomy or thrombolysis within hours.
Arterial embolization
Arterial embolization is an interventional radiology procedure in which agents are deposited in arteries to block blood flow, used to stop hemorrhage, treat aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations, and infarct tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma.
Arterial phase CT
Arterial phase CT is a contrast-enhanced CT protocol that images arteries and hypervascular tumors during peak arterial enhancement, about 20 to 40 seconds after injection.
Arterial spin labeling
Arterial spin labeling is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that measures cerebral blood flow by magnetically labeling arterial blood water, requiring no injected contrast agent.
Arterial switch operation
The arterial switch operation (ASO), also called the arterial switch procedure, is an open-heart operation that corrects dextro-transposition of the great arteries by reconnecting the aorta and pulmonary artery, first performed successfully in 1975.
Arterial system
The arterial system is the branching network of arteries and arterioles that carries blood from the aorta to the capillaries, distributing flow and smoothing the heart's pulse.
Arterial thrombosis
Arterial thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot inside an artery, usually on a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque, which can abruptly block blood flow to tissue.
Arterial tonometry
Arterial tonometry is a noninvasive vascular diagnostic method in which a sensor pressed over a superficial artery records the pulse waveform, yielding central blood pressure and arterial stiffness measures.
Arteriography
Arteriography is an imaging method in which iodinated contrast is injected into an artery and recorded with X-ray fluoroscopy, usually with digital subtraction, to show stenoses, aneurysms, and dissections.
Arteriole
An arteriole is a very small artery delivering blood into capillary beds, with 1 to 4 layers of smooth muscle and diameters of 7 to 100 μm.
Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, is the thickening and stiffening of artery walls from several causes; atherosclerosis, plaque buildup, is its most common type, underlying coronary, cerebrovascular, and peripheral artery disease.
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB) is the American Heart Association's monthly peer-reviewed journal on vascular disease, founded 1981 as Arteriosclerosis, Impact Factor 8.8, editor-in-chief Ann Marie Schmidt.
Arteriotomy
Arteriotomy is the surgical or percutaneous opening of an artery, used in bypass surgery, valve replacement, and endarterectomy, with arterial access for catheterization first described in 1948.
Arteriovenous fistula
An arteriovenous fistula, also known as an arteriovenous shunt or AV fistula, is an abnormal artery-vein connection; surgically created ones are the most common, mainly for hemodialysis access.
Arteriovenous fistula, acquired
Acquired arteriovenous fistula (ICD-11 BD52.1) is an abnormal artery-vein connection formed after birth, from trauma, iatrogenic injury, or deliberate creation for dialysis (Brescia-Cimino fistula), causing high-output heart failure if untreated.
Arteriovenous malformation
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM): an abnormal tangle of arteries and veins lacking capillaries, mostly in the brain or spinal cord. Key facts: hemorrhage is the first symptom in about 50% of brain AVMs; treatments are surgery, embolization, and radiosurgery; ARUBA favored medical management for unruptured AVMs.
Arteriovenous malformation of stomach
Arteriovenous malformation of stomach (gastric AVM, ICD-11 DA43.2): a rare direct artery-vein connection in the gastric wall causing upper GI bleeding, about 1.4% of intestinal AVMs, treated by endoscopy, embolization, or resection.
Arteriovenous oxygen difference
Arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-v O2 diff, C(a-v)O2): difference between arterial and venous blood oxygen content, about 5 mL/100 mL at rest and 15-20 during exercise; basis of the Fick cardiac output method.
Arteris
Arteris, Inc. is a Campbell, California-based semiconductor IP company founded in 2004 and listed on Nasdaq as AIP; its network-on-chip interconnect technology has shipped in more than 4 billion chips and chiplets.
Arterolane (arterolane maleate + piperaquine, Synriam)
Arterolane (OZ277, RBx11160), a fully synthetic trioxolane peroxide antimalarial, marketed with piperaquine as Synriam; first synthetic peroxide antimalarial approved, in India, non-inferior to artemether-lumefantrine.
Artery
Artery: blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart; thick three-layered walls (intima, media, adventitia); elastic, muscular, and arteriole classes; pulmonary artery exception; Harvey's 1628 circulation demonstration.
Artesian well
An artesian well is a well drilled into an aquifer confined under pressure between impermeable layers, so water rises above the aquifer, sometimes flowing freely.
Artesunate
Artesunate is a water-soluble derivative of artemisinin, the antimalarial compound from sweet wormwood, recommended by the WHO as first-line treatment for severe malaria and FDA-approved in 2020.
Artful Dodger
The Artful Dodger, real name Jack Dawkins, is Fagin's cleverest boy pickpocket in Dickens's Oliver Twist (1837–39); he recruits Oliver, steals Brownlow's handkerchief, and is transported for life.
Arth (अर्थ) (film)
Arth (अर्थ) is a 1982 Hindi drama directed by Mahesh Bhatt, starring Shabana Azmi, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, and Smita Patil; a semi-autobiographical National Award-winning marital drama with ghazals by Jagjit Singh.
Artha Venture Fund
Artha Venture Fund is a Mumbai-based early-stage micro venture capital fund led by managing partner Anirudh A. Damani, which opened its first institutional fund in 2018.
Arthamulla Indhu Madham
Arthamulla Indhu Madham (அர்த்தமுள்ள இந்து மதம்) is a Tamil book of spiritual prose by the poet Kannadasan that explains Hinduism's philosophies and rituals in simple language.