Edgepedia

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), usually with esophageal atresia (EA/TEF), is an abnormal trachea-esophagus connection occurring in about 1 in 2,500-4,000 births; five types A-E, type C most common, treated by neonatal surgery.

Tracheoesophageal puncture

Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) is a surgical procedure creating a small fistula between the trachea and esophagus, fitted with a one-way valved voice prosthesis to restore speech after total laryngectomy.

Tracheomalacia

Tracheomalacia: weak or floppy tracheal cartilage causing windpipe collapse, noisy breathing, and recurrent infections; congenital or acquired, often resolving by age 2, treated with physiotherapy, CPAP, or aortopexy/tracheopexy surgery.

Tracheoplasty

Tracheoplasty is a surgical reconstruction of the trachea that widens or rebuilds a narrowed airway, most often to correct congenital or acquired tracheal stenosis; slide tracheoplasty trades length for caliber.

Tracheostomy

Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure creating an opening through the neck into the trachea to secure an airway, enable prolonged ventilation, and allow suctioning of secretions.

Tracheostomy decannulation

Tracheostomy decannulation, or decannulation of the tracheostomy tube, is the weaning process ending in permanent tube removal and stoma closure once breathing, swallowing, and cough are adequate without it.

Tracheostomy malfunction

Tracheostomy malfunction (ICD-11 CB60; ICD-10 J95.0) is failure of a tracheostomy tube or stoma: obstruction, displacement, cuff leak, infection, hemorrhage, or fistula, managed via NTSP emergency algorithms.

Tracheotomy

Tracheotomy (tracheostomy): surgical opening through the neck into the trachea for breathing. Ancient origins (Ebers Papyrus ~1550 BC), standardized by Chevalier Jackson; modern percutaneous techniques by Ciaglia 1985; used for prolonged ventilation and airway obstruction.

Trachinotus carolinus

Trachinotus carolinus, the Florida pompano (Atlantic pompano), a carangid food and sport fish from Cape Cod to Brazil; small-scale aquaculture established, high market value, evening feeding outperforms preferred morning feeding.

Trachinotus goodei

Trachinotus goodei, the palometa or pámpano listado, is a western Atlantic pompano (Carangidae) described by Jordan and Evermann in 1896, ranging from Massachusetts to Argentina, with 4 dark body bars and elongated fin lobes.

Trachinus draco

Trachinus draco, the greater weever, is a venomous sand-burying fish of the Trachinidae from the Black Sea, Mediterranean, and eastern Atlantic to Norway, 15–35 cm typical, stung by dorsal and gill-cover spines, treated with hot-water immersion.

Trachoma

Trachoma, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, is the leading infectious cause of blindness; controlled by the WHO SAFE strategy, with 33 countries validated as having eliminated it as a public health problem by 2026.

Trachops

Trachops, the fringe-lipped or frog-eating bat genus (Trachops cirrhosus), is a Neotropical leaf-nosed bat that hunts frogs by eavesdropping on mating calls; 2024 studies split it into two or three species.

Tracht

Tracht (Trachten) is the traditional regional festive dress of rural populations in German-speaking Alpine Europe, including dirndl and lederhosen; revived in the 19th century via Bavarian royal patronage and Trachtenvereine, it signals regional identity today.

Trachtenberg system

The Trachtenberg system, or Trachtenberg method, is a set of rapid arithmetic rules devised by Jakow Trachtenberg, a Russian-born engineer who developed it in a Nazi concentration camp around 1944.

Trachurus japonicus

Trachurus japonicus (Japanese jack mackerel, Japanese horse mackerel) is a carangid fish of the Northwest Pacific, from southern Japan and Korea to the East China Sea, a highly commercial schooling species, IUCN Near Threatened, with major purse-seine fisheries and commercial aquaculture.

Trachurus mediterraneus

Trachurus mediterraneus, Mediterranean horse mackerel (jurel mediterráneo), a Carangidae jack of the Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic; bycatch fishery, Lm 20 cm, IUCN Least Concern, distinct Black Sea and Aegean stocks.

Trachurus trachurus

Trachurus trachurus, the Atlantic horse mackerel (also European horse mackerel, jurel), is a carangid fish from Norway to South Africa and the Mediterranean, fished commercially and listed IUCN Vulnerable.

Trachycarpus fortunei

Trachycarpus fortunei, the Chinese windmill palm or Chusan palm, is a cold-hardy dioecious fan palm native to south-central China and northern Myanmar, widely grown as an ornamental and invasive in southern Switzerland.

Trachycephalus

Trachycephalus (Tschudi, 1838), casque-headed or milk frogs, a Neotropical hylid frog genus of 17 species from Mexico to Argentina; formerly split as Phrynohyas, defined mainly by molecular synapomorphies, with gluelike toxic skin secretions.

Trachyceras

Trachyceras is an extinct Triassic ceratitid ammonoid genus (Trachyceratidae, Laube 1869) whose aon and aonoides zones long defined the base of the Carnian Stage, later replaced by the Daxatina canadensis GSSP.

Trachylepis

Trachylepis (typical skinks), genus Fitzinger 1843, Afro-Malagasy skinks of the Mabuya group; ~98 species across Africa, Madagascar, Indian Ocean islands, and Fernando de Noronha; oviparous ancestor with multiple parity-mode transitions.

Trachymedusae

Trachymedusae (Haeckel, 1866) is an order of hydrozoan jellyfish in subclass Trachylina, sister to Actinulida, Limnomedusae, and Narcomedusae, with a reduced or absent polyp stage, holopelagic direct development, and mostly deep-sea open-ocean species.