Edgepedia

Transgenerational trauma

Transgenerational trauma (intergenerational, historical trauma) is transmission of trauma effects to descendants without direct exposure. First described 1966 in Holocaust survivors' children; key findings include FKBP5 methylation changes and parental PTSD as predictor; epigenetic inheritance in humans remains unproven.

Transgenes

Transgenes: genes introduced into an organism by gene transfer techniques (MeSH D019076, 1996). Carried by transgenic organisms; key issues are transgene silencing, integration site effects, and GMO regulation versus cisgenic and gene-edited crops.

Transgenesis

Transgenesis: artificial introduction of foreign DNA from another species into an organism's genome, producing transgenic animals and plants. Invented via pronuclear microinjection in mice around 1980; uses viral vectors and transposons; distinct from cisgenesis and genome editing.

Transglutaminase

Transglutaminase (EC 2.3.2.13, protein-glutamine γ-glutamyltransferase), also called meat glue, is a calcium-independent enzyme from Streptomyces mobaraensis that cross-links glutamine and lysine residues, used to restructure meat, dairy, and bakery foods.

Transglutaminase-mediated antibody conjugation

Transglutaminase-mediated antibody conjugation is an enzymatic bioconjugation method in which microbial transglutaminase from Streptomyces mobaraensis attaches drugs, fluorophores, or other payloads to antibodies, chiefly to build homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates.

Transgrediens et progrediens palmoplantar keratoderma

Transgrediens et progrediens palmoplantar keratoderma, or Greither disease (OMIM 133200), is a rare autosomal dominant KRT1-related diffuse PPK that spreads beyond palms and soles and worsens with age.

Transgressive art

Transgressive art deliberately violates moral, social, or aesthetic boundaries of its era; key examples include Jack Smith's Flaming Creatures and the 1990 Mapplethorpe museum trial, with censorship as its recurring counterpart.

Transgressive fiction

Transgressive fiction is a literary genre whose characters cross moral, sexual, legal, and social boundaries; the term was coined in 1993 by Michael Silverblatt, and the genre consolidated in the early 1990s with works by Ellis, Cooper, Self, and Homes.

Transgressive systems tract

The transgressive systems tract is a subdivision of a depositional sequence in sequence stratigraphy, comprising deposits accumulated from the onset of coastal transgression until maximum transgression of the coast.

Transgrid

Transgrid is the privately held company that operates the high voltage electricity transmission network in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, covering about 11,500 kilometers of lines.

Transhiatal esophagectomy

Transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) is an operation that removes the esophagus through the diaphragmatic hiatus and a neck incision without opening the chest, performed mainly for esophageal cancer.

Transhumance

Transhumance is the regular seasonal movement of livestock herds among fixed points, a form of pastoralism distinct from nomadism; practiced vertically in mountains and horizontally across climatic zones, UNESCO-inscribed in 2023, with movements over 800 km in drylands.

Transhumanism

Transhumanism is an intellectual and cultural movement advocating the ethical use of technology to enhance human abilities and extend life, spiking in popularity in the 1990s.

Transience and recurrence of Lévy processes

Transience and recurrence of Lévy processes describes whether a Lévy process returns to bounded regions or drifts away, with exactly one of the two always holding.

Transient absorption spectroscopy

Transient absorption spectroscopy is an ultrafast pump–probe optical technique measuring how a material's absorption changes after excitation, tracking short-lived excited states in physics, chemistry, and materials science.

Transient climate response

The transient climate response (TCR) measures the warming at the time atmospheric carbon dioxide doubles, assessed by the IPCC at a best estimate of 1.8°C.

Transient directing group

A transient directing group (TDG) is a ligand generated and cleaved in situ from a substrate's own functional group in metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization, avoiding extra installation and removal steps.

Transient directing group C–H functionalization

Transient directing group C–H activation is a strategy in transition-metal-catalyzed organic synthesis in which a reversible additive forms a directing group in situ, avoiding separate installation and removal steps.

Transient elastography

Transient elastography, also called vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), is an ultrasound technique that measures liver stiffness in kilopascals to stage fibrosis in chronic liver disease without a biopsy, using a probe that also estimates liver fat.

Transient electromagnetic method

The transient electromagnetic method (TEM), also called time-domain electromagnetic or TDEM surveying, maps subsurface conductivity from the decay of induced electromagnetic fields after transmitter turn-off.

Transient electronics

Transient electronics are electronic devices designed to work for a predefined period and then disintegrate or dissolve, a field emerging in 2009 with silicon transistors on water-soluble silk substrates.

Transient equilibrium

Transient equilibrium is a condition in a two-member radioactive decay chain in which the daughter, shorter lived than the parent, settles to a constant activity ratio greater than one.

Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood

Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC) is a rare, self-limited pure red cell aplasia of children under 4, causing normocytic anemia with reticulocytopenia after viral illness, distinguished from Diamond-Blackfan anemia and recovering spontaneously.

Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions

Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) are faint cochlear echoes recorded in the ear canal after a click, first measured by David Kemp in 1978 and used widely in newborn hearing screening.

Transient execution CPU vulnerability

A transient execution CPU vulnerability, also called a speculative execution CPU vulnerability, is a hardware security weakness where speculatively executed instructions leak secrets through cache traces.

Transient familial neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Transient familial neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, or Lucey-Driscoll syndrome (ORPHA:2312, OMIM 237900), is a rare genetic liver disease causing severe unconjugated jaundice in newborns via a transient maternal inhibitor of UGT1A1; it usually self-resolves but risks kernicterus, treated with phototherapy and exchange transfusion.

Transient global amnesia

Transient global amnesia (TGA, transient amnestic syndrome): sudden anterograde plus retrograde memory loss lasting up to 24 hours in alert adults aged 50 to 70, hippocampal CA1 involvement, 12 to 27 percent recurrence, benign outcome.

Transient growth

Transient growth, also studied as optimal perturbation theory or nonmodal analysis, is the short-term amplification of disturbances that must eventually decay, explaining subcritical transition to turbulence in shear flows.

Transient hyperammonemia of the newborn

Transient hyperammonemia of the newborn (THAN, ORPHA:289877) is a temporary, non-inherited neonatal hyperammonemia, mainly in preterm infants, diagnosed by exclusion, treated with scavengers and CRRT, with good prognosis.