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Ubiquitin conjugation cascade
The ubiquitin conjugation cascade is the ATP-dependent three-enzyme pathway (E1, E2, and E3) that attaches ubiquitin to substrate proteins, targeting them for degradation or regulating their function.
Ubiquitin D
Ubiquitin D (UBD), also called FAT10, is a mammalian ubiquitin-like modifier encoded in the MHC class I locus, inducible by IFN-γ and TNF, that directly targets substrates for ubiquitin-independent 26S proteasome degradation via UBA6 and USE1.
Ubiquitin-activating enzyme
Ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1; UBA1/UBA6) initiates ubiquitination via ATP-dependent adenylation and thioester transfer to E2. Lead inhibitor TAK-243 (MLN7243) reached phase I trials but faced toxicity and resistance.
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s, UBE2, EC 2.3.2.23) are the middle enzymes of the E1-E2-E3 ubiquitylation cascade, carrying ubiquitin on a catalytic cysteine UBC domain and determining ubiquitin chain topology.
Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1
Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1) is an 85-amino-acid human ubiquitin-like protein conjugated to substrates via UBA5, UFC1, and UFL1 in UFMylation, central to ER ribosome quality control and linked to encephalopathy and skeletal dysplasia.
Ubiquitin-like domain
Ubiquitin-like domain: a protein domain adopting ubiquitin's β-grasp fold, found in modifiers such as SUMO, NEDD8, ISG15, UFM1, and URM1 and in adaptor domains, conjugated by E1-E2-E3 cascades.
Ubiquitin-like protein
A ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) is a small protein structurally related to ubiquitin that cells attach to other proteins to regulate processes like autophagy and DNA repair.
Ubiquitin-specific protease
Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs, also called UBPs) are cysteine proteases, peptidase family C19, that remove ubiquitin from protein substrates and form the largest human deubiquitinase family, with 58 human genes.
Ubiquitination
Ubiquitination (ubiquitylation): ATP-dependent attachment of the 76-amino-acid protein ubiquitin to target proteins via E1, E2, and E3 enzymes; K48 chains signal proteasomal degradation, K63 chains signal DNA repair and signaling; 2004 Nobel Prize to Ciechanover, Hershko, and Rose.
Ubiquitous computing
Ubiquitous computing, also known as pervasive or ambient computing, embeds many small networked computers invisibly throughout the physical environment; Mark Weiser coined the term at Xerox PARC in 1988.
Ubiquity Ventures
Ubiquity Ventures is a Palo Alto, California seed-stage venture capital firm founded in 2017 by Sunil Nagaraj, investing in "software beyond the screen": robotics, spacetech, and climate technology.
Ubirajara
Ubirajara is an 1874 novel by the Brazilian writer José de Alencar, the last of his three Indianist novels and the only one set entirely in the pre-Columbian indigenous world, with no European characters.
Ubirr
Ubirr is an Aboriginal rock art complex at the northeastern edge of Kakadu National Park, Australia, with thousands of paintings up to 18,000 years old.
Ubisoft
Ubisoft, formerly Ubi Soft, is a French video game publisher founded by the five Guillemot brothers in 1986 and known for Assassin's Creed and Far Cry.
Ubisoft Montreal
Ubisoft Montreal: Canadian game studio founded 1997, Ubisoft's first and largest studio with 3,000+ staff; creator of Assassin's Creed and Splinter Cell, developer of the Anvil engine.
Ubitricity
Ubitricity is a Berlin-based provider of public electric vehicle charging, best known for converting street lampposts into charge points and wholly owned by Shell since 2021.
Ubl-specific proteases
Ubl-specific proteases are cysteine proteases that remove ubiquitin-like modifiers, including SUMO, NEDD8, UFM1, and ATG8, from proteins, with each modifier served by a dedicated protease family.
Ublituximab
Ublituximab (Briumvi) is a glycoengineered chimeric anti-CD20 IgG1 monoclonal antibody by TG Therapeutics for relapsing multiple sclerosis, approved in the US (2022), EU (2023), and Australia (2025), given as one-hour infusions every 24 weeks.
UBlock Origin
uBlock Origin (uBO) is a free, open-source content blocker for Firefox and Chromium browsers, created by Raymond Hill in 2015, known for blocking ads, trackers, and malware sites efficiently.
Uboa
Uboa is the alias of Xandra Metcalfe, a trans Australian noise, dark ambient and death industrial musician from Melbourne. Albums include The Origin of My Depression (2019) and The Flenser-released Impossible Light (2024); the name comes from Yume Nikki.
Ubol Ratana (อุบลรัตน์)
Ubol Ratana (อุบลรัตน์), also known as Ubol Ratana Rajakanya, is a Thai princess, the eldest child of King Bhumibol Adulyadej and Queen Sirikit and elder sister of King Maha Vajiralongkorn.
UBQLN2
UBQLN2 (ubiquilin 2), also called PLIC-2, is a UBL-UBA shuttle protein delivering ubiquitinated cargo to the proteasome, autophagy, and ERAD; its PXX-region mutations cause X-linked dominant ALS/FTD.
Ubre Blanca
Ubre Blanca (White Udder), Cuban Holstein-Cebu crossbred cow born 1972 on Isla de la Juventud; set the Guinness one-day milk record of 109.5 liters in January 1982 under Fidel Castro's dairy breeding program, died 1985, later cloning target.
Ubrogepant
Ubrogepant (Ubrelvy), oral CGRP receptor antagonist (gepant) by Allergan/AbbVie, FDA-approved 2019 for acute migraine with or without aura in adults; 50-100 mg dosing, CYP3A4 interactions, first oral CGRP antagonist approved.
UBS
UBS Group AG, also known as UBS Bank, is a major Swiss wealth manager that absorbed rival Credit Suisse in a government-brokered rescue announced in March 2023.
UBS Arena
UBS Arena: multi-purpose arena at Belmont Park, Elmont, New York, opened November 20, 2021; home of the NHL's New York Islanders; $1.1 billion privately built; 17,500 hockey capacity; LEED certified; hosts 2027 NHL All-Star Game.
Ubstadt
Ubstadt, village in Kraichgau, Baden-Württemberg, now part of Ubstadt-Weiher; first recorded 769 as Hubestat in the Lorsch Codex; Speyer rule to 1802, then Baden; also a Pleiades Roman road station.
Ubsunorskaya Kotlovina Biosphere Reserve
Ubsunorskaya Kotlovina (Убсунурская котловина), the Ubsunur Hollow Biosphere Reserve, is a 925,546-ha UNESCO biosphere reserve in Tuva, Russia, designated in 1997 and paired with Mongolia's Uvs Nuur Basin in a transboundary reserve.
UBT251
UBT251 is a long-acting triple agonist of the GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors developed by United Biotechnology (TUL) and licensed to Novo Nordisk in March 2025; phase 2 trials in China showed up to 19.7% weight loss at 24 weeks in obesity and HbA1c reduction up to 2.16% in type 2 diabetes.
UBTech Robotics
UBTech Robotics (优必选) is a Shenzhen robotics company founded by Zhou Jian in 2012 that makes humanoid robots, from the small Alpha robots to the Walker industrial humanoids.