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Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome
Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS), also called Axenfeld anomaly or Rieger syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant anterior segment eye disorder caused by PITX2 or FOXC1 mutations, with glaucoma in about half of cases and dental, facial, and umbilical anomalies.
Axenic culture
An axenic culture is the growth of a single species of organism with no other cells or living organisms present, the foundation of pure-culture microbiology.
Axera Semiconductor (爱芯元智)
Axera Semiconductor (爱芯元智) is a fabless Chinese designer of edge AI inference chips for smart vision and vehicles, founded in 2019 by former UNISOC CTO Qiu Xiaoxin.
Axi (company)
Axi, formerly known as AxiTrader until a 2021 rebrand, is an Australian-founded retail broker of foreign exchange and CFDs, established in Sydney in 2007 and operating under licenses in Australia, the UK, and the UAE.
Axial Age
The Axial Age (Achsenzeit) is a proposed period, roughly 800 to 300 BCE, when civilizations in Greece, India, China, Israel, and Iran independently developed new philosophical and religious traditions.
Axial chirality
Axial chirality is stereoisomerism from the non-planar arrangement of four groups in pairs about a chirality axis, described by Ra/Sa or P/M descriptors and first identified by Kenner and Christie in 1922.
Axial coding
Axial coding is a qualitative analysis step in grounded theory, proposed by Anselm Strauss in 1987, that relates categories to subcategories around a central phenomenon.
Axial compressor
An axial compressor is a compressor in which air flows parallel to the axis of rotation through alternating rotor and stator blades, used in jet engines.
Axial flux motor
An axial flux motor is an electric motor whose magnetic flux runs parallel to the shaft, giving high torque density in a compact, disc-shaped package for electric vehicles.
Axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum
Axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum (Russell Weaver Bull syndrome, ORPHA:1834) is a rare congenital disorder combining Goldenhar/oculo-auriculo-vertebral and caudal regression features, attributed to disturbed mesodermal cell migration during early embryogenesis.
Axial piston pump
An axial piston pump is a hydraulic pump whose pistons run parallel to the drive shaft, used where high pressure and flow meet a compact package.
Axial precession
Axial precession, also called the precession of the equinoxes, is the slow conical wobble of the Earth's rotation axis, completing a circle in about 26,000 years.
Axial skeleton
Axial skeleton: the 80 central bones of the adult human skeleton (skull, hyoid, ear ossicles, vertebral column, ribs, sternum), distinct from the 126-bone appendicular skeleton of the limbs and girdles.
Axial spondyloarthritis
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), also called radiographic axSpA or ankylosing spondylitis, is a chronic HLA-B27-associated inflammatory disease of the sacroiliac joints and spine, with non-radiographic forms, MRI-based diagnosis, and NSAID and biologic treatment.
Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia
Axial spondylometaphyseal dysplasia (OMIM 602271), also axial SMD, a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia first described by Ehara in 1997, with proximal femoral metaphyseal irregularity, thoracic hypoplasia, and retinal degeneration; CFAP410- and NEK1-related forms exist.
Axial Therapeutics
Axial Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company in Woburn, Massachusetts, founded in 2016 as a Caltech spinout, developing gut-restricted small-molecule drugs targeting the gut-brain axis for autism and Parkinson's disease.
Axial tilt
Axial tilt, also called obliquity, is the angle between a planet's rotational axis and its orbital plane; Earth's tilt of about 23.5 degrees causes the seasons.
Axial-flow pump
An axial-flow pump, also called a propeller pump, is a rotodynamic pump that moves liquid parallel to its axis of rotation, suited to high flow at low head.
Axicon
An axicon is a conical optical element, introduced by John McLeod in 1954, that bends every ray by the same angle to form a long line focus.
Axie Infinity
Axie Infinity (Sky Mavis, 2018) is a play-to-earn blockchain game where players battle NFT creatures called Axies to earn SLP and AXS tokens. Peaked in the Philippines, suffered a $600M Ronin bridge hack, and pivoted to the free, non-crypto Axie Infinity: Origins.
Axiidea
Axiidea (ghost shrimps) is an infraorder of burrowing decapod crustaceans, formerly part of Thalassinidea and split from Gebiidea (mud lobsters); soft-bodied, first two pereiopods chelate, major marine bioturbators with burrows to 1 m deep.
Axilla
Axilla (armpit, underarm): pyramidal region under the shoulder joint containing the axillary artery, vein, brachial plexus (C5–T1), and lymph nodes; drains 95% of breast lymph and is central to breast cancer staging and surgery.
Axillary artery
Axillary artery: continuation of the subclavian artery from the first rib's outer border to the lower border of teres major, where it becomes the brachial artery; divided by pectoralis minor into three parts with six classic branches, highly variable in branching.
Axillary brachial plexus block
The axillary brachial plexus block, or axillary block, is a regional anesthesia technique that numbs the forearm, wrist, and hand for surgery via injection in the armpit.
Axillary hyperhidrosis
Axillary hyperhidrosis is excessive underarm sweating from sympathetic overstimulation of eccrine glands, affecting roughly 1–3% of people. Treatments span aluminum chloride, botulinum toxin injections, microwave thermolysis, and sympathectomy.
Axillary lymph node dissection
Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), also called axillary dissection or axillary lymphadenectomy, is an operation that removes lymph nodes from the armpit to stage and treat breast cancer.
Axillary lymph nodes
Axillary lymph nodes: 20–30 nodes in the armpit in five groups (pectoral, lateral, central, subscapular, apical) draining the upper limb and breast; central to breast cancer staging and sentinel node biopsy.
Axillary nerve
Axillary nerve (circumflex nerve): C5-C6 branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus supplying deltoid and teres minor; passes through the quadrangular space; injuries cause shoulder abduction weakness.
Axillary reverse mapping
Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) is a surgical technique that traces arm lymphatic drainage during breast cancer axillary surgery so arm lymphatics can be preserved and lymphedema reduced.
Axillofemoral Bypass Grafting
Axillofemoral bypass grafting (AxFB, AXFBG) is an extra-anatomic vascular procedure tunneling a prosthetic graft from the axillary artery to the femoral arteries, first reported by Blaisdell and Hall in 1963, used for high-risk aortoiliac occlusive disease and aortic graft infection.