8 articles
Capture of Shamil
The capture of Shamil (Şeyh Şâmil) was the surrender of the leader of the Caucasian Imamate to the Russian army at Gunib, Dagestan, in 1859.
Caucasian War (Кавказская война)
The Caucasian War (Кавказская война, 1817–1864) was Russia's conquest of the North Caucasus, resisted by Imam Shamil's Caucasian Imamate and the Circassians; it ended with the 1864 Circassian expulsion and mass exile to the Ottoman Empire.
Circassia
Circassia, historic homeland of the Adyghe (Circassian) people on the northeastern Black Sea coast, about 100,000 km² with roughly 1.7 million people by the 17th century; conquered by Russia by 1864, when mass killing and expulsion created a largely Turkish and Middle Eastern diaspora.
Imam Shamil (Шамил)
Imam Shamil (Шамил), also Sheikh Shamil or the Caucasian Eagle, was the third imam of the Caucasian Imamate (1834–1859), an Avar Naqshbandi leader who united Dagestan and Chechnya in a 25-year resistance against Russia, surrendered at Gunib in 1859, and died in Medina in 1871.
Pamir Boundary Commission
The Pamir Boundary Commission was the joint Anglo-Russian commission of 1895, led by General Gerard and General Povalo-Scheikovski, that demarcated the Russian-Afghan boundary along the Panj and Pamir rivers.
Russian annexation of the Khanate of Kokand
The Russian annexation of the Khanate of Kokand was Tsar Alexander II's 1876 abolition of the khanate in the Ferghana valley, reorganized as Fergana Province in Russian Turkistan.
Russian occupation of Ili
The Russian occupation of Ili was the Russian Empire's seizure of the Ili region of Xinjiang from Qing China in June 1871, ended by the 1881 Treaty of Saint Petersburg.
Russo-Caucasian conflict
Russo-Caucasian conflict, or Caucasian War (1817–1864): Russia's nineteenth-century conquest of the Caucasus, resisted by the Naqshbandi Imamate under Shamil and by Circassian tribes, ending with Shamil's 1859 surrender, the 1864 western conquest, and mass Circassian expulsion to the Ottoman Empire.